双语新闻：历史上第一次，美国工会工人罢工反对三大汽车制造商
美国汽车工人联合会（United Auto Workers union）正在对通用汽车（General Motors）、福特（Ford）和斯特兰蒂斯（Stellantis）进行罢工，这是其历史上首次同时罢工美国所有三家工会汽车制造商。
The strike came after the union made ambitious demands in wages, benefits and job protections for its members. With all three automakers reporting record or near-record profits, the union was trying to recapture many benefits they had been forced to give up more than a decade ago when the companies were cash starved and on the brink of bankruptcy.
罢工发生之前，工会对其成员的工资、福利和工作保护提出了雄心勃勃的要求。由于这三家汽车制造商都报告了创纪录或接近纪录的利润，工会正试图夺回他们十多年前被迫放弃的许多福利，当时这些公司现金短缺，濒临破产。
The targeted strike against three plants includes fewer than 13,000 of the UAW's 145,000 workers. But union president Shawn Fain has threatened to grow the strike if the automakers refuse to meet workers' demands.
针对三家工厂的有针对性的罢工包括美国汽车工人联合会145000名工人中的不到13000人。但工会主席Shawn Fain威胁说，如果汽车制造商拒绝满足工人的要求，将扩大罢工规模。
Automakers have scoffed at the union's call for large raises, a 4-day workweek and an expanded pension program among others.
汽车制造商嘲笑工会要求大幅加薪、每周工作4天和扩大养老金计划等。
UAW President Shawn Fain admits the union’s demands are “ambitious” but he insists they’re justified, given the automakers’ strong profits in recent years. The automakers have balked at most of the union’s demands.
美国汽车工人联合会主席Shawn Fain承认工会的要求是“雄心勃勃的”，但他坚持认为，鉴于汽车制造商近年来的强劲利润，这些要求是合理的。汽车制造商拒绝了工会的大部分要求。
Raises
加薪
Ford and GM are now offering a 20% raise during the life of the contract, and Stellantis is offering 17.5%. The union started with a demand for an immediate 20% raise, and four additional raises of 5% each over the course of a four-year deal.
福特和通用汽车现在提出在合同有效期内加薪20%，Stellantis提出17.5%。工会最初要求立即加薪20%，在四年的合同中再加薪四次，每次加薪5%。
Pensions and inflation adjustments
养老金和通货膨胀调整
The UAW wants a return of traditional pension payment plans and retiree health care for all UAW members. Workers hired before 2007 still have those benefits. Those hired since – a majority of hourly workers – do not.
美国汽车工人联合会希望所有美国汽车工人协会成员恢复传统的养老金支付计划和退休人员医疗保健。2007年以前雇佣的工人仍然享有这些福利。自那以后雇佣的人——大多数小时工——没有。
The union also wants to see a return to cost-of-living adjustments (COLA) to protect members from inflation.
工会还希望看到生活成本调整（COLA）的回归，以保护会员免受通货膨胀的影响。
Job protections and benefits
工作保护和福利
The union demands limits on the use of temporary workers and forced overtime. The union also wants more time off for workers, including a four-day workweek. And the UAW is fighting to gain certain job protections for workers, including the right to strike over plant closings.
工会要求限制临时工的使用，并强制加班。工会还希望工人有更多的休息时间，包括每周工作四天。美国汽车工人联合会正在努力为工人争取某些工作保护，包括因工厂关闭而罢工的权利。
A ‘just transition' to EVs
向电动汽车的“公正”过渡
Fain and other union leaders say they’re not opposed to EVs but that it must be a “just transition.” As members lose their jobs building gasoline engines and transmissions, they should be able to shift to jobs building EV batteries and other parts, the union demands. And they say those jobs should pay the same scale that UAW-represented jobs at auto plants pay.
Fain和其他工会领导人表示，他们不反对电动汽车，但这必须是一个“公正的过渡”。工会要求，随着成员失去制造汽油发动机和变速器的工作，他们应该能够转向制造电动汽车电池和其他部件的工作。他们说，这些工作的薪酬应该与美国汽车工人联合会代表的汽车厂工作的薪酬相同。
