双语新闻：美国图书馆集团：美国的图书禁令和试图禁止的数量继续上升

 
Through the first eight months of 2023, the ALA said there were 695 challenges to library materials and services, involving 1,915 books.
ALA表示，在2023年的前八个月，图书馆材料和服务面临695项挑战，涉及1915本书。
 
People have sought to remove books they consider offensive from school libraries for a long time. But this year, the challenges have been near-equally divided between schools and libraries open to the general public, the ALA said Wednesday.
长期以来，人们一直试图将他们认为具有攻击性的书籍从学校图书馆中移除。但美国图书馆协会周三表示，今年，学校和向公众开放的图书馆面临的挑战几乎相等。
 
Deborah Caldwell-Stone directs the association's Office for Intellectual Freedom. She said, "The irony is that you had some censors who said that those who didn't want books pulled from schools could just go to the public libraries."
Deborah Caldwell Stone是该协会知识自由办公室的负责人。她说：“具有讽刺意味的是，有些审查人员说，那些不想从学校撤书的人可以去公共图书馆。”
 
The ALA defines a challenge as a "formal, written complaint filed with a library or school requesting that materials be removed because of content or appropriateness."
ALA将质疑定义为“向图书馆或学校提交的正式书面投诉，要求因内容或适当性而删除材料。”
 
Many of the challenges came from Moms for Liberty. The group has organized efforts nationwide and has called for more parental control over books available to children.
许多挑战来自自由妈妈。该组织在全国范围内组织了活动，并呼吁家长加强对儿童书籍的控制。
 
"There used to be a roughly one-to-one ratio, where a parent would complain about an individual book, like in the days when many were objecting to Harry Potter," Caldwell-Stone said. "Now you have people turning up at meetings and asking that 100 titles be removed."
考德威尔·斯通说：“过去的比例大约是一对一，父母会抱怨一本书，就像在许多人反对《哈利·波特》的时候一样。”。“现在有人出席会议，要求删除100个头衔。”
 
Earlier this year, the Chicago-based association issued its yearly top 10 list of books most objected to in 2022. Many of them included racial and/or LGBTQ issues. Maia Kobabe's Gender Queer topped the list, followed by George Johnson's All Boys Aren't Blue and Nobel literature-prize winner Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye.
今年早些时候，总部位于芝加哥的协会发布了2022年最受反对的十大图书排行榜。其中许多包括种族和/或LGBTQ问题。Maia Kobabe的《性别问题》位居榜首，其次是乔治·约翰逊的《所有男孩都不是蓝色的》和诺贝尔文学奖得主托尼·莫里森的《最蓝的眼睛》。
 
Teachers and librarians have been criticized a lot in 2023.
2023年，教师和图书馆员受到了很多批评。
 
At Chapin High School in the state of South Carolina, some students said that a teacher made them feel "ashamed to be Caucasian." The teacher, they said, assigned them to read Ta-Nehisi Coates' Between the World and Me. The book is an open letter to his son about police violence against Black people. It won the National Book Award in 2015. The school removed the book from the study program.
在南卡罗来纳州的查宾高中，一些学生说，一位老师让他们“为自己是白人而感到羞耻”。他们说，这位老师让他们读塔内希西·科茨的《世界与我之间》。这本书是给他儿子的一封公开信，内容是警察对黑人的暴力行为。它在2015年获得了国家图书奖。学校把这本书从学习计划中删除了。
 
In Front Royal, Virginia, local officials are planning to cut money for the Samuels Public Library. The move follows complaints from conservatives about books about gay, lesbian and transgender issues.
在弗吉尼亚州的Front Royal，当地官员正计划削减Samuels公共图书馆的资金。此前，保守派对有关同性恋和跨性别问题的书籍提出了抱怨。
 
Iowa Governor Kim Reynolds recently signed into law a bill that calls for books describing sex acts to be removed from school libraries.
爱荷华州州长金·雷诺兹最近签署了一项法案，要求从学校图书馆中删除描述性行为的书籍。
 
The ALA's opposition to book bans has also led some communities to withdraw their membership or support, including Campbell County in Wyoming and a local library in Midland, Texas. Missouri officials announced the state would withdraw support from the ALA after new laws limiting young people's ability to get books considered unacceptable for children.
ALA对图书禁令的反对也导致一些社区撤回了他们的会员资格或支持，包括怀俄明州的坎贝尔县和德克萨斯州米德兰的一家当地图书馆。密苏里州官员宣布，在新法律限制年轻人获得儿童无法接受的书籍后，该州将撤回对ALA的支持。
 
"I think this trend is going to continue," Caldwell-Stone said, "at least for as long these groups want to go after whole categories of books."
考德威尔·斯通说：“我认为这一趋势将持续下去，至少在这些团体想要追求整类书籍的时候是这样。”