双语新闻：沃尔玛转移到印度，减少从中国进口

Walmart, the world's largest store, is importing more goods to the United States from India and reducing its dependence on China.

全球最大的商店沃尔玛正在从印度进口更多商品到美国，减少对中国的依赖。

Between January and August this year, Walmart shipped 25 percent of its U.S. imports from India. That compares to just 2 percent in 2018. Import Yeti, a data company, shared the information with Reuters.

今年1月至8月，沃尔玛从美国进口的商品中有25%来自印度。而2018年这一比例仅为2%。数据公司Import Yeti向路透社分享了这一信息。

The same data shows that only 60 percent of Walmart's imports came from China during the same period, down from 80 percent in 2018. China is still Walmart's biggest country for importing goods.

同样的数据显示，同期沃尔玛只有60%的进口来自中国，低于2018年的80%。中国仍是沃尔玛最大的商品进口国。

The shift shows how the rising cost of importing from China and increased tension between China and the U.S. are leading American companies to import from other countries. Those countries include India, Thailand, and Vietnam.

这一转变表明，从中国进口产品的成本不断上升，以及中美之间的紧张关系加剧，正导致美国公司从其他国家进口产品。这些国家包括印度、泰国和越南。

Andrea Alright is Walmart's executive vice president of sourcing. She said, "We want the best prices." She added that Walmart has to deal with natural disasters to shortages in materials and cannot be dependent on any one supplier or area for products.

安德里亚·Alright是沃尔玛负责采购的执行副总裁。她说:“我们想要最好的价格。”她补充说，沃尔玛必须应对自然灾害和材料短缺，不能依赖任何一个供应商或地区提供产品。

Walmart said the import information did not mean that it was reducing dependence on any of its markets. "We're a growth business and are working to source more manufacturing capacity," the company said in a statement. And Albright added that India has become an important part of Walmart's efforts to build that manufacturing capacity.

沃尔玛表示，这些进口信息并不意味着它正在减少对任何一个市场的依赖。该公司在一份声明中表示:“我们是一家成长型企业，正在努力寻求更多的制造能力。”奥尔布赖特补充说，印度已经成为沃尔玛努力建设制造能力的重要组成部分。

Walmart has been increasing growth in India since 2018. It bought 77 percent of shares in the online company Flipkart. Two years later, it promised to import $10 billion worth of goods from India each year by 2027. That is a target it is on the way to meet, Albright said. It is currently importing around $3 billion worth of goods from India each year.

自2018年以来，沃尔玛在印度的增长一直在加快。它购买了在线公司Flipkart 77%的股份。两年后，中国承诺到2027年每年从印度进口价值100亿美元的商品。奥尔布赖特说，这是一个正在实现的目标。目前，中国每年从印度进口价值约30亿美元的商品。

India's workforce and technology

印度的劳动力和技术

Walmart is importing goods including toys, electronics, sporting equipment, and medications from India. Foods like packaged food, dry grains, and pasta are also popular imports from India, Albright told Reuters.

沃尔玛正在从印度进口玩具、电子产品、运动器材和药品等商品。奥尔布赖特告诉路透社，包装食品、干谷物和意大利面等食品也很受印度进口的欢迎。

India, whose stock market has risen to record highs this year, is viewed as the country best equipped to outperform China in low-cost and large amounts of manufacturing.

印度股市今年已升至创纪录高点，被视为最有能力在低成本和大规模制造业领域超越中国的国家。

The South Asian country also has a growing workforce and increasing technological developments. China, however, recently reported its first population decrease in sixty years.

这个南亚国家还拥有不断增长的劳动力和不断发展的技术。然而，中国最近报告了60年来的首次人口下降。

Walmart started its sourcing operations in the Indian city of Bangalore in 2002. Now, the company employs more than 100,000 people, including temporary workers, around the country.

沃尔玛于2002年开始在印度城市班加罗尔开展采购业务。现在，该公司在全国拥有超过10万名员工，包括临时工。

Rising costs from China

来自中国的成本上升

The rising cost of shopping goods from China has also added to the shift to India, supply chain experts say.

供应链专家表示，从中国购买商品的成本不断上升，也加剧了向印度转移的趋势。

Chris Rogers is a researcher at S&P Global Market Intelligence's supply chain research group Panjiva. He said, "Sourcing from mainland China has become less competitive because of rising labor costs versus other manufacturing centers."

克里斯·罗杰斯是标准普尔全球市场情报公司供应链研究小组Panjiva的研究员。他说，“与其他制造中心相比，由于劳动力成本不断上升，从中国大陆采购的竞争力已经下降。”

China's minimum wage ranges between $198.52 to $376.08 monthly. Meanwhile, average wages for unskilled and semi-skilled workers in India are between $108.04 and $180.06.

中国的最低工资在每月198.52美元至376.08美元之间。与此同时，印度非熟练和半熟练工人的平均工资在108.04美元至180.06美元之间。

The COVID-19 pandemic showed weaknesses in worldwide supply chains, showing U.S. importers were over-dependent on a small number of markets.

新冠肺炎疫情显示出全球供应链的弱点，表明美国进口商过度依赖少数市场。

Albright said planning for an event like the pandemic is like planning for a natural disaster. She said, "What I can control is where my product is coming from and how do I make sure that Christmas still happens if something happens in our supply chain."

奥尔布赖特说，为流行病这样的事件做计划就像为自然灾害做计划一样。她说:“我能控制的是我的产品来自哪里，以及如果我们的供应链出了问题，我如何确保圣诞节照常进行。”