双语新闻：回顾2023年社交媒体有哪些最重要发展
This year, social media services gained a lot of attention for their growth methods and for their influence.
今年，社交媒体服务因其增长方式和影响力而备受关注。
The Associated Press recently looked back at 2023 to see what developments in social media were most important and what might be ahead.
美联社最近回顾了2023年，看看社交媒体的哪些发展是最重要的，未来可能会发生什么。
Twitter becomes X
推特变成X
In October of 2022, businessman Elon Musk took over Twitter. He promised to make big changes at the social media service. Musk is known for leading the electric vehicle company Tesla and SpaceX, a space transport company. He bought Twitter for $44 billion dollars.
2022年10月，商人埃隆·马斯克接管了推特。他承诺将对社交媒体服务进行重大改革。马斯克以领导电动汽车公司特斯拉和太空运输公司SpaceX而闻名。他以440亿美元的价格收购了Twitter。
Musk dismissed about 75 percent of the company's workforce soon after the deal was completed. He said the dismissals were necessary to make Twitter more effective and to increase profits. He also announced plans to have Twitter users pay eight dollars a month to keep their verified accounts. Verified accounts are identified as belonging to people with a lot of followers.
交易完成后不久，马斯克解雇了该公司约75%的员工。他说，为了提高Twitter的效率和增加利润，裁员是必要的。他还宣布计划让推特用户每月支付8美元来保留他们的认证账户。经过验证的帐户被识别为属于拥有大量追随者的人。
As chief, Musk also lifted some existing restrictions on users, including many well-known people who had been barred by earlier Twitter leadership. Former U.S. President Donald Trump was among the Twitter users whose accounts were reinstated.
作为首席执行官，马斯克还取消了对用户的一些现有限制，包括许多被Twitter早期领导层禁止的知名人士。美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普是恢复账户的推特用户之一。
Musk said those changes were part of a larger effort to protect the free speech of Twitter users. But critics said his plans were likely to increase the amount of harmful content and hate speech on the service.
马斯克表示，这些变化是保护推特用户言论自由的更大努力的一部分。但批评人士表示，他的计划可能会增加该服务上有害内容和仇恨言论的数量。
This year, the AP noted that some LGBTQ groups have raised concerns that X is less safe. Some activist groups said they have left the service.
今年，美联社指出，一些LGBTQ团体提出了对X不太安全的担忧。一些激进组织表示，他们已经退出了这项服务。
Many Twitter users chose to leave the service earlier this year because of Musk's changes. Some advertisers stopped doing business with the company. In October, X said it had over 500 million users and is adding users all the time. The company also said it has improved in combating misleading or false information by using Community Notes. X says it uses over 100,000 people to help confirm information.
今年早些时候，由于马斯克的改变，许多推特用户选择离开该服务。一些广告商停止了与该公司的业务往来。去年10月，X称其拥有超过5亿用户，并且一直在增加用户。该公司还表示，通过使用社区笔记，它在打击误导或虚假信息方面取得了进步。X表示，它使用了超过10万人来帮助确认信息。
Musk has said he hopes to change X into an "everything app" like China's WeChat. But it remains unclear if U.S. and Western users like the idea of using one app for nearly all their needs.
马斯克曾表示，他希望把X变成像中国的微信那样的“万能应用”。但目前尚不清楚美国和西方用户是否喜欢使用一款应用来满足几乎所有需求的想法。
Social media competition
社交媒体竞争
Many users criticized the changes Musk was putting in place at X. Other services aimed to provide competition.
许多用户批评马斯克对x进行的改变。其他服务旨在提供竞争。
Mastodon is a service from a German software developer that lets users share information across several apps. Bluesky is a service that came out of Twitter and has connections to former Twitter chief Jack Dorsey. Bluesky operates by invitation only.
Mastodon是一家德国软件开发商提供的一项服务，可以让用户在多个应用程序之间共享信息。Bluesky是一项来自Twitter的服务，与Twitter前首席执行官杰克·多尔西有联系。蓝天只接受邀请。
Some users who did not like the changes to Twitter went to those services.
一些不喜欢Twitter变化的用户使用了这些服务。
In July, the parent company of Facebook, Meta, launched another rival to X called Threads. Millions of people joined after the announcement. In December, Meta chief Mark Zuckerberg announced that the company was testing "interoperability." That is an idea that lets people use their accounts on different services, or platforms. Zuckerberg said the company was performing a "test where posts from Threads accounts will be available on Mastodon and other services that use the Activity Pub protocol."
今年7月，Facebook的母公司Meta推出了另一个名为Threads的竞争对手。消息宣布后，数以百万计的人加入进来。去年12月，Meta首席执行官马克·扎克伯格宣布，该公司正在测试“互操作性”。这是一个让人们在不同的服务或平台上使用他们的账户的想法。扎克伯格表示，该公司正在进行一项“测试，让来自Threads账户的帖子可以在Mastodon和其他使用活动Pub协议的服务上使用”。
Is social media good for children's mental health?
社交媒体对儿童心理健康有益吗?
Social media's influence on children's mental health gained a lot of attention this year. The U.S. surgeon general warned in May that there is not enough evidence to show that children and teenagers are safe using the services. Dr. Vivek Murthy called for technology companies and parents to take "immediate action to protect their kids now."
今年，社交媒体对儿童心理健康的影响引起了很多关注。美国卫生局局长在五月份警告说，没有足够的证据表明儿童和青少年使用这些服务是安全的。维韦克·穆尔蒂博士呼吁科技公司和家长“立即采取行动，保护他们的孩子。”
Murthy noted how social media is pushing big changes in the way children think of themselves, form friendships and experience the world.
墨菲指出，社交媒体正在推动孩子们对自己的看法、建立友谊和体验世界的方式发生巨大变化。
In October, about 33 states brought legal action against Meta for harming young people's health. The legal action said the company regularly collects information on children under 13 years of age.
今年10月，约有33个州对Meta公司提起法律诉讼，指控其危害年轻人的健康。该诉讼称，该公司定期收集13岁以下儿童的信息。
And in December, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) proposed major changes to laws controlling the way companies can follow and advertise to children. The agency proposed turning off targeted advertisements to children under 13 and limiting notifications to them.
去年12月，联邦贸易委员会(FTC)提议对控制公司跟踪和向儿童做广告方式的法律进行重大修改。该机构建议关闭针对13岁以下儿童的定向广告，并限制对他们的通知。
And in 2024...
2024年……
Artificial intelligence powers chatbots that perform writing tasks and create material for users of services like ChatGPT. In the fall, Meta chief Zuckerberg said his company was "building the future of human connection." He said that people will soon communicate with hologram versions of their friends, coworkers and others. The company demonstrated AI bots using the images of famous people such as Snoop Dogg and Paris Hilton. Meta believes many social media users will want to interact with celebrities.
人工智能为聊天机器人提供动力，让它们执行写作任务，并为ChatGPT等服务的用户创建材料。去年秋天，Meta首席执行官扎克伯格表示，他的公司正在“构建人类联系的未来”。他说，人们很快就会与他们的朋友、同事和其他人的全息版本进行交流。该公司展示了使用史努比·道格和帕丽斯·希尔顿等名人照片的人工智能机器人。Meta认为，许多社交媒体用户都希望与名人互动。
Enberg, the social media expert, said AI will be used throughout social media platforms. "Social apps will use AI to drive usage, ad performance and revenues, subscription sign ups," and business activity, she said. Experts say social media services learned from Musk's X that subscriptions are a good way to make money.
社交媒体专家Enberg表示，人工智能将用于整个社交媒体平台。她说:“社交应用将使用人工智能来推动使用率、广告表现和收入、订阅注册”以及商业活动。专家表示，社交媒体服务从马斯克的X中学到了订阅是一种赚钱的好方法。
Important elections will take place in the United States, India and other places in 2024. Some experts are worried about AI's abilities to create materials that can contain misinformation and then spread on social media.
2024年，美国、印度和其他地方将举行重要选举。一些专家担心人工智能有能力创造出可能包含错误信息的材料，然后在社交媒体上传播。
A.J. Nash is an official with ZeroFox, an internet security company based in the state of Maryland. Nash said materials spread this way will have a "major" influence on elections.
A.J.纳什是总部位于马里兰州的互联网安全公司ZeroFox的官员。纳什说，以这种方式传播的材料将对选举产生“重大”影响。
"We're not prepared for this," he said.
“我们还没有为此做好准备，”他说。
今年，社交媒体服务因其增长方式和影响力而备受关注。
The Associated Press recently looked back at 2023 to see what developments in social media were most important and what might be ahead.
美联社最近回顾了2023年，看看社交媒体的哪些发展是最重要的，未来可能会发生什么。
Twitter becomes X
推特变成X
In October of 2022, businessman Elon Musk took over Twitter. He promised to make big changes at the social media service. Musk is known for leading the electric vehicle company Tesla and SpaceX, a space transport company. He bought Twitter for $44 billion dollars.
2022年10月，商人埃隆·马斯克接管了推特。他承诺将对社交媒体服务进行重大改革。马斯克以领导电动汽车公司特斯拉和太空运输公司SpaceX而闻名。他以440亿美元的价格收购了Twitter。
Musk dismissed about 75 percent of the company's workforce soon after the deal was completed. He said the dismissals were necessary to make Twitter more effective and to increase profits. He also announced plans to have Twitter users pay eight dollars a month to keep their verified accounts. Verified accounts are identified as belonging to people with a lot of followers.
交易完成后不久，马斯克解雇了该公司约75%的员工。他说，为了提高Twitter的效率和增加利润，裁员是必要的。他还宣布计划让推特用户每月支付8美元来保留他们的认证账户。经过验证的帐户被识别为属于拥有大量追随者的人。
As chief, Musk also lifted some existing restrictions on users, including many well-known people who had been barred by earlier Twitter leadership. Former U.S. President Donald Trump was among the Twitter users whose accounts were reinstated.
作为首席执行官，马斯克还取消了对用户的一些现有限制，包括许多被Twitter早期领导层禁止的知名人士。美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普是恢复账户的推特用户之一。
Musk said those changes were part of a larger effort to protect the free speech of Twitter users. But critics said his plans were likely to increase the amount of harmful content and hate speech on the service.
马斯克表示，这些变化是保护推特用户言论自由的更大努力的一部分。但批评人士表示，他的计划可能会增加该服务上有害内容和仇恨言论的数量。
This year, the AP noted that some LGBTQ groups have raised concerns that X is less safe. Some activist groups said they have left the service.
今年，美联社指出，一些LGBTQ团体提出了对X不太安全的担忧。一些激进组织表示，他们已经退出了这项服务。
Many Twitter users chose to leave the service earlier this year because of Musk's changes. Some advertisers stopped doing business with the company. In October, X said it had over 500 million users and is adding users all the time. The company also said it has improved in combating misleading or false information by using Community Notes. X says it uses over 100,000 people to help confirm information.
今年早些时候，由于马斯克的改变，许多推特用户选择离开该服务。一些广告商停止了与该公司的业务往来。去年10月，X称其拥有超过5亿用户，并且一直在增加用户。该公司还表示，通过使用社区笔记，它在打击误导或虚假信息方面取得了进步。X表示，它使用了超过10万人来帮助确认信息。
Musk has said he hopes to change X into an "everything app" like China's WeChat. But it remains unclear if U.S. and Western users like the idea of using one app for nearly all their needs.
马斯克曾表示，他希望把X变成像中国的微信那样的“万能应用”。但目前尚不清楚美国和西方用户是否喜欢使用一款应用来满足几乎所有需求的想法。
Social media competition
社交媒体竞争
Many users criticized the changes Musk was putting in place at X. Other services aimed to provide competition.
许多用户批评马斯克对x进行的改变。其他服务旨在提供竞争。
Mastodon is a service from a German software developer that lets users share information across several apps. Bluesky is a service that came out of Twitter and has connections to former Twitter chief Jack Dorsey. Bluesky operates by invitation only.
Mastodon是一家德国软件开发商提供的一项服务，可以让用户在多个应用程序之间共享信息。Bluesky是一项来自Twitter的服务，与Twitter前首席执行官杰克·多尔西有联系。蓝天只接受邀请。
Some users who did not like the changes to Twitter went to those services.
一些不喜欢Twitter变化的用户使用了这些服务。
In July, the parent company of Facebook, Meta, launched another rival to X called Threads. Millions of people joined after the announcement. In December, Meta chief Mark Zuckerberg announced that the company was testing "interoperability." That is an idea that lets people use their accounts on different services, or platforms. Zuckerberg said the company was performing a "test where posts from Threads accounts will be available on Mastodon and other services that use the Activity Pub protocol."
今年7月，Facebook的母公司Meta推出了另一个名为Threads的竞争对手。消息宣布后，数以百万计的人加入进来。去年12月，Meta首席执行官马克·扎克伯格宣布，该公司正在测试“互操作性”。这是一个让人们在不同的服务或平台上使用他们的账户的想法。扎克伯格表示，该公司正在进行一项“测试，让来自Threads账户的帖子可以在Mastodon和其他使用活动Pub协议的服务上使用”。
Is social media good for children's mental health?
社交媒体对儿童心理健康有益吗?
Social media's influence on children's mental health gained a lot of attention this year. The U.S. surgeon general warned in May that there is not enough evidence to show that children and teenagers are safe using the services. Dr. Vivek Murthy called for technology companies and parents to take "immediate action to protect their kids now."
今年，社交媒体对儿童心理健康的影响引起了很多关注。美国卫生局局长在五月份警告说，没有足够的证据表明儿童和青少年使用这些服务是安全的。维韦克·穆尔蒂博士呼吁科技公司和家长“立即采取行动，保护他们的孩子。”
Murthy noted how social media is pushing big changes in the way children think of themselves, form friendships and experience the world.
墨菲指出，社交媒体正在推动孩子们对自己的看法、建立友谊和体验世界的方式发生巨大变化。
In October, about 33 states brought legal action against Meta for harming young people's health. The legal action said the company regularly collects information on children under 13 years of age.
今年10月，约有33个州对Meta公司提起法律诉讼，指控其危害年轻人的健康。该诉讼称，该公司定期收集13岁以下儿童的信息。
And in December, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) proposed major changes to laws controlling the way companies can follow and advertise to children. The agency proposed turning off targeted advertisements to children under 13 and limiting notifications to them.
去年12月，联邦贸易委员会(FTC)提议对控制公司跟踪和向儿童做广告方式的法律进行重大修改。该机构建议关闭针对13岁以下儿童的定向广告，并限制对他们的通知。
And in 2024...
2024年……
Artificial intelligence powers chatbots that perform writing tasks and create material for users of services like ChatGPT. In the fall, Meta chief Zuckerberg said his company was "building the future of human connection." He said that people will soon communicate with hologram versions of their friends, coworkers and others. The company demonstrated AI bots using the images of famous people such as Snoop Dogg and Paris Hilton. Meta believes many social media users will want to interact with celebrities.
人工智能为聊天机器人提供动力，让它们执行写作任务，并为ChatGPT等服务的用户创建材料。去年秋天，Meta首席执行官扎克伯格表示，他的公司正在“构建人类联系的未来”。他说，人们很快就会与他们的朋友、同事和其他人的全息版本进行交流。该公司展示了使用史努比·道格和帕丽斯·希尔顿等名人照片的人工智能机器人。Meta认为，许多社交媒体用户都希望与名人互动。
Enberg, the social media expert, said AI will be used throughout social media platforms. "Social apps will use AI to drive usage, ad performance and revenues, subscription sign ups," and business activity, she said. Experts say social media services learned from Musk's X that subscriptions are a good way to make money.
社交媒体专家Enberg表示，人工智能将用于整个社交媒体平台。她说:“社交应用将使用人工智能来推动使用率、广告表现和收入、订阅注册”以及商业活动。专家表示，社交媒体服务从马斯克的X中学到了订阅是一种赚钱的好方法。
Important elections will take place in the United States, India and other places in 2024. Some experts are worried about AI's abilities to create materials that can contain misinformation and then spread on social media.
2024年，美国、印度和其他地方将举行重要选举。一些专家担心人工智能有能力创造出可能包含错误信息的材料，然后在社交媒体上传播。
A.J. Nash is an official with ZeroFox, an internet security company based in the state of Maryland. Nash said materials spread this way will have a "major" influence on elections.
A.J.纳什是总部位于马里兰州的互联网安全公司ZeroFox的官员。纳什说，以这种方式传播的材料将对选举产生“重大”影响。
"We're not prepared for this," he said.
“我们还没有为此做好准备，”他说。
