双语新闻：英国和威尔士的法官获准使用人工智能帮助写作
Judges in Britain and Wales have been given permission to use artificial intelligence (AI) tools to help them write legal opinions.
英国和威尔士的法官获准使用人工智能(AI)工具来帮助他们撰写法律意见书。
The Courts and Tribunals Judiciary is the organization that oversees court systems and judges in Britain and Wales. It provided new rules on the use of AI last month.
法院和法庭司法机构是监督英国和威尔士法院系统和法官的组织。上个月，它为人工智能的使用提供了新的规则。
While approving AI methods to support basic duties, the judiciary warned judges to never use such tools to carry out case research or legal examinations. The guidance said AI should not be used for those activities because the technology can produce false, misleading or biased information.
在批准人工智能方法支持基本职责的同时，司法部门警告法官永远不要使用此类工具进行案例研究或法律考试。该指导意见称，人工智能不应用于这些活动，因为该技术可能产生虚假、误导或有偏见的信息。
Geoffrey Vos is Head of Civil Justice in England and Wales. He told The Associated Press the new rules aim to permit "the careful use of AI" to help judges with parts of their jobs. Vos added, however, that judges "must ensure that they protect confidence and take full personal responsibility for everything they produce."
杰弗里·沃斯是英格兰和威尔士民事司法部门的负责人。他告诉美联社，新规则旨在允许“谨慎使用人工智能”来帮助法官完成部分工作。然而，沃斯补充说，法官“必须确保他们保护信心，并对他们所做的一切承担全部个人责任。”
Vos told Reuters that judges are already well-equipped to differentiate between real arguments and those prepared by AI when considering evidence. "Judges are trained to decide what is true and what is false and they are going to have to do that in the modern world of AI just as much as they had to do that before," he said.
沃斯对路透社表示，法官在考虑证据时已经有能力区分真正的论点和人工智能准备的论点。他说:“法官被训练来判断什么是真，什么是假，在现代人工智能世界里，他们将不得不这样做，就像以前一样。”
Vos said he even thinks the technology might be used in the future to help resolve low-level legal disputes. He noted this could one day help reduce the large number of unresolved cases in the justice system. "I rule nothing out as to what may be possible."
沃斯说，他甚至认为这项技术未来可能会用于帮助解决低级别的法律纠纷。他指出，这有一天可能有助于减少司法系统中大量未解决的案件。“我不排除任何可能发生的事情。”
But Vos said he does not feel that people and businesses currently have the confidence to trust AI to independently resolve legal issues.
但沃斯表示，他不认为人们和企业目前有信心相信人工智能能够独立解决法律问题。
Ryan Abbott is a law professor at Britain's University of Surrey and wrote the book The Reasonable Robot: Artificial Intelligence and the Law. He told the AP there is currently a lot of debate over how AI should be legally restricted.
瑞安·阿博特是英国萨里大学的法学教授，著有《合理的机器人:人工智能与法律》一书。他告诉美联社，目前有很多关于如何在法律上限制人工智能的争论。
Abbott added that many people in the legal field are concerned about possible misuses of AI by lawyers and judges. "So I do think AI may be slower disrupting judicial activity than it is in other areas..." he added.
阿博特补充说，法律领域的许多人都担心律师和法官可能滥用人工智能。他补充说:“所以我确实认为，人工智能对司法活动的破坏可能比在其他领域要慢。”
Court officials in some places issued rules years ago. In 2019, the European Commission body in charge of court systems issued ethical guidelines on the use of AI in courts. While the document is not current with the latest technology, it does offer guidance on accountability and ways to reduce risks linked to AI tools.
一些地方的法院官员几年前就颁布了规定。2019年，负责法院系统的欧盟委员会机构发布了关于在法庭上使用人工智能的道德准则。虽然该文件不涉及最新技术，但它确实就问责制和减少与人工智能工具相关风险的方法提供了指导。
In the United States, the federal court system has not established any official guidance on the use of AI. But U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts did recently speak about pros and cons of the technology during a report on the high court's activities during 2023.
在美国，联邦法院系统尚未就人工智能的使用建立任何官方指导。但美国最高法院首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨最近在一份关于最高法院2023年活动的报告中谈到了这项技术的利弊。
But individual courts and judges at both the federal and local levels have likely been setting their own rules, said Cary Coglianese. He is a law professor at the University of Pennsylvania.
但卡里·科利亚尼斯说，联邦和地方各级的个别法院和法官可能一直在制定自己的规则。他是宾夕法尼亚大学的法学教授。
Coglianese told the AP the rules approved by Britain's judiciary represent "the first, published set of AI-related guidelines in the English language." But he said he suspects "many judges" have already warned employees about the dangers of AI producing false information and possibly violating the privacy of individuals.
Coglianese告诉美联社，英国司法部门批准的规则是“第一套以英语发布的人工智能相关指南”。但他表示，他怀疑“许多法官”已经警告员工人工智能产生虚假信息的危险，并可能侵犯个人隐私。
The new British guidance states that judges and court workers who have heavy job loads and write long decisions can effectively use AI as a valuable tool. This is especially true for judges and workers required to write background material or create briefs of existing information.
英国新的指导方针指出，工作量大、需要撰写长篇判决的法官和法院工作人员可以有效地将人工智能作为一种有价值的工具。对于需要编写背景材料或创建现有信息摘要的法官和工作人员来说尤其如此。
In addition to using the technology for emails or presentations, judges were told they could also use it to quickly find material they already know well.
评委们被告知，除了使用该技术处理电子邮件或演示文稿外，他们还可以使用该技术快速找到他们已经熟悉的材料。
But the guidelines warn that AI tools should not be used to find new information that cannot be independently confirmed. The judiciary's guidance also said the technology should not be used to provide detailed analysis or reasoning.
但该指南警告称，人工智能工具不应用于寻找无法独立证实的新信息。司法部门的指导意见还表示，该技术不应用于提供详细的分析或推理。
英国和威尔士的法官获准使用人工智能(AI)工具来帮助他们撰写法律意见书。
The Courts and Tribunals Judiciary is the organization that oversees court systems and judges in Britain and Wales. It provided new rules on the use of AI last month.
法院和法庭司法机构是监督英国和威尔士法院系统和法官的组织。上个月，它为人工智能的使用提供了新的规则。
While approving AI methods to support basic duties, the judiciary warned judges to never use such tools to carry out case research or legal examinations. The guidance said AI should not be used for those activities because the technology can produce false, misleading or biased information.
在批准人工智能方法支持基本职责的同时，司法部门警告法官永远不要使用此类工具进行案例研究或法律考试。该指导意见称，人工智能不应用于这些活动，因为该技术可能产生虚假、误导或有偏见的信息。
Geoffrey Vos is Head of Civil Justice in England and Wales. He told The Associated Press the new rules aim to permit "the careful use of AI" to help judges with parts of their jobs. Vos added, however, that judges "must ensure that they protect confidence and take full personal responsibility for everything they produce."
杰弗里·沃斯是英格兰和威尔士民事司法部门的负责人。他告诉美联社，新规则旨在允许“谨慎使用人工智能”来帮助法官完成部分工作。然而，沃斯补充说，法官“必须确保他们保护信心，并对他们所做的一切承担全部个人责任。”
Vos told Reuters that judges are already well-equipped to differentiate between real arguments and those prepared by AI when considering evidence. "Judges are trained to decide what is true and what is false and they are going to have to do that in the modern world of AI just as much as they had to do that before," he said.
沃斯对路透社表示，法官在考虑证据时已经有能力区分真正的论点和人工智能准备的论点。他说:“法官被训练来判断什么是真，什么是假，在现代人工智能世界里，他们将不得不这样做，就像以前一样。”
Vos said he even thinks the technology might be used in the future to help resolve low-level legal disputes. He noted this could one day help reduce the large number of unresolved cases in the justice system. "I rule nothing out as to what may be possible."
沃斯说，他甚至认为这项技术未来可能会用于帮助解决低级别的法律纠纷。他指出，这有一天可能有助于减少司法系统中大量未解决的案件。“我不排除任何可能发生的事情。”
But Vos said he does not feel that people and businesses currently have the confidence to trust AI to independently resolve legal issues.
但沃斯表示，他不认为人们和企业目前有信心相信人工智能能够独立解决法律问题。
Ryan Abbott is a law professor at Britain's University of Surrey and wrote the book The Reasonable Robot: Artificial Intelligence and the Law. He told the AP there is currently a lot of debate over how AI should be legally restricted.
瑞安·阿博特是英国萨里大学的法学教授，著有《合理的机器人:人工智能与法律》一书。他告诉美联社，目前有很多关于如何在法律上限制人工智能的争论。
Abbott added that many people in the legal field are concerned about possible misuses of AI by lawyers and judges. "So I do think AI may be slower disrupting judicial activity than it is in other areas..." he added.
阿博特补充说，法律领域的许多人都担心律师和法官可能滥用人工智能。他补充说:“所以我确实认为，人工智能对司法活动的破坏可能比在其他领域要慢。”
Court officials in some places issued rules years ago. In 2019, the European Commission body in charge of court systems issued ethical guidelines on the use of AI in courts. While the document is not current with the latest technology, it does offer guidance on accountability and ways to reduce risks linked to AI tools.
一些地方的法院官员几年前就颁布了规定。2019年，负责法院系统的欧盟委员会机构发布了关于在法庭上使用人工智能的道德准则。虽然该文件不涉及最新技术，但它确实就问责制和减少与人工智能工具相关风险的方法提供了指导。
In the United States, the federal court system has not established any official guidance on the use of AI. But U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts did recently speak about pros and cons of the technology during a report on the high court's activities during 2023.
在美国，联邦法院系统尚未就人工智能的使用建立任何官方指导。但美国最高法院首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨最近在一份关于最高法院2023年活动的报告中谈到了这项技术的利弊。
But individual courts and judges at both the federal and local levels have likely been setting their own rules, said Cary Coglianese. He is a law professor at the University of Pennsylvania.
但卡里·科利亚尼斯说，联邦和地方各级的个别法院和法官可能一直在制定自己的规则。他是宾夕法尼亚大学的法学教授。
Coglianese told the AP the rules approved by Britain's judiciary represent "the first, published set of AI-related guidelines in the English language." But he said he suspects "many judges" have already warned employees about the dangers of AI producing false information and possibly violating the privacy of individuals.
Coglianese告诉美联社，英国司法部门批准的规则是“第一套以英语发布的人工智能相关指南”。但他表示，他怀疑“许多法官”已经警告员工人工智能产生虚假信息的危险，并可能侵犯个人隐私。
The new British guidance states that judges and court workers who have heavy job loads and write long decisions can effectively use AI as a valuable tool. This is especially true for judges and workers required to write background material or create briefs of existing information.
英国新的指导方针指出，工作量大、需要撰写长篇判决的法官和法院工作人员可以有效地将人工智能作为一种有价值的工具。对于需要编写背景材料或创建现有信息摘要的法官和工作人员来说尤其如此。
In addition to using the technology for emails or presentations, judges were told they could also use it to quickly find material they already know well.
评委们被告知，除了使用该技术处理电子邮件或演示文稿外，他们还可以使用该技术快速找到他们已经熟悉的材料。
But the guidelines warn that AI tools should not be used to find new information that cannot be independently confirmed. The judiciary's guidance also said the technology should not be used to provide detailed analysis or reasoning.
但该指南警告称，人工智能工具不应用于寻找无法独立证实的新信息。司法部门的指导意见还表示，该技术不应用于提供详细的分析或推理。
