双语新闻：美国达特茅斯学院将再次要求标准化考试

Dartmouth College, the Ivy League university in New Hampshire, announced last week that it will again require standardized tests from applicants.

位于新罕布什尔州的常春藤盟校达特茅斯学院上周宣布，该校将再次要求申请者参加标准化考试。

American students who wish to attend Dartmouth starting in the fall of 2025 will need to send SAT or ACT scores with their applications. Students from other parts of the world will need to submit results from "an equivalent standardized national exam," according to Dartmouth.

希望在2025年秋季开始就读达特茅斯学院的美国学生需要在申请时提交SAT或ACT成绩。达特茅斯学院表示，来自世界其他地区的学生将需要提交“同等标准的国家考试”成绩。

The university suspended its consideration of standardized tests for four years. In 2020, Dartmouth and many other American universities entered a "test-optional" period, which officials said was because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

这所大学将标准化考试的考虑暂停了四年。2020年，达特茅斯和许多其他美国大学进入了“非考试”时期，官员们说这是因为COVID-19大流行。

Why did the schools go "test optional?"

为什么学校实行“考试可选”?

Starting in the spring of 2020, schools increasingly stopped holding in-person classes. That made it difficult for students to prepare for and gather to take standardized tests.

从2020年春季开始，越来越多的学校停止了面对面授课。这使得学生们很难准备和聚集在一起参加标准化考试。

Many universities used the "test-optional" period to find out what would happen if they no longer required the SAT and ACT. Years before, a few studies said that the tests favored wealthy students.

许多大学利用“可选考试”期来了解如果他们不再要求SAT和ACT考试会发生什么。几年前，一些研究表明，这些测试更青睐富有的学生。

Nat Smitobol is with IvyWise, a company that offers college admissions advice in New York City. Smitobol said universities want a diverse group of students and were not sure they were getting enough of them by looking at standardized tests.

Nat Smitobol就职于IvyWise，这是一家在纽约市提供大学入学建议的公司。Smitobol说，大学想要一个多样化的学生群体，但不确定他们通过标准化考试获得了足够的学生。

Dartmouth said it looked at its group of accepted students after four years. It found the test optional policy increased the number of applications but made it harder to find the best students. The university said it discovered standardized test scores were "a valuable element of Dartmouth's undergraduate application."

达特茅斯学院表示，他们在四年后对录取的学生进行了调查。报告发现，考试选择性政策增加了申请人数，但却加大了寻找优秀学生的难度。达特茅斯大学表示，它发现标准化考试成绩是“达特茅斯大学本科申请的一个有价值的因素”。

In addition, the university said the tests expanded its ability to "identify talent." That means the tests made it easier for Dartmouth to find good students who do not come from rich families or wealthy high schools.

此外，该大学表示，这些测试扩大了其“识别人才”的能力。这意味着达特茅斯学院更容易找到那些不是来自富裕家庭或富裕高中的好学生。

Dartmouth joins Georgetown University in Washington D.C. and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as top schools again requiring standardized test scores.

达特茅斯学院与华盛顿特区的乔治敦大学和麻省理工学院一起，再次成为要求标准化考试成绩的顶尖学校。

Currently, Yale University in Connecticut, Harvard University and Duke University in North Carolina still permit students to apply without test results. They are all highly selective schools.

目前，康涅狄格州的耶鲁大学、哈佛大学和北卡罗来纳州的杜克大学仍然允许学生在没有考试成绩的情况下申请。他们都是非常挑剔的学校。

But some experts wonder if those schools will follow Dartmouth.

但一些专家怀疑这些学校是否会效仿达特茅斯。

Students still take the test even if optional

学生们仍然参加考试，即使是可选的

Smitobol at IvyWise said most students still take the SAT or ACT. But he said most do not understand that they can still apply to schools such as Dartmouth even if their scores are a little low. An average SAT score is 1050 while 1600 is perfect.

常春藤学院的Smitobol表示，大多数学生仍然参加SAT或ACT考试。但他说，大多数人都不明白，即使他们的分数有点低，他们仍然可以申请达特茅斯这样的学校。SAT平均成绩是1050分，而1600分是完美的。

"There's kids that won't break 1000 that can absolutely do the work at a Penn (University of Pennsylvania) or a Harvard or any of these places, there's no doubt about it."

“在宾夕法尼亚大学或哈佛大学或任何这些地方，孩子们的智商都不会突破1000分，这是毫无疑问的。”

Smitobol said a student with good grades who is an immigrant, or whose parents did not go to college, should almost always submit their test scores.

Smitobol说，成绩好的移民学生，或者父母没有上过大学的学生，几乎都应该提交他们的考试成绩。

"If you score a 1400 or above and you're the first in your family to go to college, that would be an astronomical score," he said.

他说:“如果你的分数在1400分或以上，而且你是家里第一个上大学的人，那将是一个天文数字。”

"And really, quite frankly, that's way more impressive than a 1550 from a student, you know, like from an affluent background."

“坦率地说，这比来自富裕家庭的学生的1550分更令人印象深刻。”

Many students, however, say they like the freedom of choosing whether to send their scores to other schools.

然而，许多学生表示，他们喜欢选择是否将成绩寄给其他学校的自由。

Better things to do than take a test

有比考试更好的事做

Renee Bischoff is the Director of College Counseling at Hawken School, a high school near Cleveland, Ohio. She said she has some students who are good at lots of things: theater, sports, leadership activities, teaching younger students or performing community service, but they are not good at taking standardized tests.

蕾妮·比肖夫是俄亥俄州克利夫兰附近的一所高中霍肯学校的大学咨询主任。她说，她有一些学生擅长很多事情:戏剧、体育、领导活动、教低年级学生或从事社区服务，但他们不擅长参加标准化考试。

If they choose to apply to a college that does not need a test score, they can put their energy into other things. She said some students were taking tests five times in an effort to raise their scores.

如果他们选择申请一所不需要考试成绩的大学，他们就可以把精力放在其他事情上。她说，一些学生为了提高成绩，参加了五次考试。

"I will say to them, ‘you know what?' You shouldn't spend the extra time. Don't spend the money. Don't spend your Saturday."

“我要对他们说:‘你们知道吗?你不应该浪费多余的时间。不要花这些钱。不要浪费你的星期六。”

"Focus your time on doing the things that are deeply meaningful to you and work hard in school. That will be the leading thing and the testing isn't required, so let's not spend all our time and money on that."

“把你的时间集中在对你有深刻意义的事情上，在学校努力学习。这将是最重要的事情，不需要测试，所以我们不要把所有的时间和金钱都花在这上面。”

Barry Maloney is the president of Worcester State University in Massachusetts. He wrote an opinion piece for the Telegram & Gazette, a local newspaper, about test optional admission. For colleges like his, he wrote, a student's grades are "the best predictor" of their success.

巴里·马洛尼是马萨诸塞州伍斯特州立大学的校长。他为当地报纸《电报与公报》写了一篇关于考试可选录取的评论文章。他写道，对于像他这样的大学来说，学生的成绩是他们成功的“最佳预测指标”。

"If a standardized test is something you don't want to take for admission...for any reason...you simply don't need to," he wrote.

“如果你不想为了入学而参加标准化考试……出于某种原因…你根本不需要，”他写道。

Christiana Kalokoh is a senior at Annandale High School in Virginia, just outside of Washington, D.C. She was born in the African nation of Sierra Leone and moved to the U.S. as a girl.

克里斯蒂安娜·卡洛科是华盛顿特区外弗吉尼亚州安纳代尔高中的高三学生。她出生在非洲国家塞拉利昂，小时候移居美国。

She was accepted to a number of colleges already but did not send her test scores.

她已经被一些大学录取了，但没有发送她的考试成绩。

She said she tried her best on the tests, but she felt intimidated and confused. She did not take a test preparation class like some students.

她说她在考试中尽了最大的努力，但她感到害怕和困惑。她没有像一些学生那样参加备考班。

However, Kalokoh has done well in school and taken part in many clubs and activities. She has a job to help support her family. She is the president of her school's Bible study club and takes part in heritage night, where she teaches people about her country.

然而，Kalokoh在学校表现很好，参加了许多俱乐部和活动。她有一份工作来帮助养家。她是学校圣经学习俱乐部的主席，并参加传统之夜，在那里她向人们介绍她的国家。

The importance of hope

希望的重要性

Kalokoh said she liked the fact that she could still get into a good college without doing well on the tests.

卡洛科说，她喜欢这样一个事实:即使考试成绩不好，她仍然可以进入一所好大学。

"It gives me a sense of peace knowing that if I were to study my hardest and try my best and still maybe not get such a great score, it wouldn't completely ruin my chances of getting into that college."

“这给了我一种平静的感觉，因为我知道，即使我努力学习，尽我最大的努力，可能仍然拿不到这么高的分数，也不会完全毁掉我进入那所大学的机会。”

She applied to the University of Virginia and James Madison University and did not send her test scores. She will find out if she has been accepted later this spring.

她申请了弗吉尼亚大学和詹姆斯·麦迪逊大学，但没有提交考试成绩。今年春天晚些时候，她就会知道自己是否被录取了。

Laura Wells is the AVID program coordinator at Annandale. The program identifies students who could do well in college, but they need extra support in order to succeed in more difficult classes.

劳拉·威尔斯是安南代尔大学的AVID项目协调员。该项目确定了那些在大学里表现很好的学生，但他们需要额外的支持才能在更困难的课程中取得成功。

The program also gives extra help and direction on college applications.

该项目还为大学申请提供额外的帮助和指导。

Wells helps students such as Kalokoh, who were not born in the U.S., or whose parents do not speak English.

威尔斯帮助像卡洛科这样的学生，他们不是在美国出生的，或者父母不会说英语。

Wells said her students usually have trouble with the tests. But the ones who get "straight A's," the very top grades, go on to do well in college.

威尔斯说，她的学生通常在考试中遇到困难。但那些得到“全A”的学生，也就是最高分的学生，在大学里会表现得很好。

Even if top schools require test scores, she said it is important that other schools remain test optional. The students she works with still need to believe they can go to a good college. For her, such schools in Virginia include the University of Virginia (UVA) and Virginia Tech.

她说，即使顶级学校要求考试成绩，重要的是其他学校仍然是考试可选的。与她一起工作的学生仍然需要相信他们可以上一所好大学。对她来说，弗吉尼亚的这些学校包括弗吉尼亚大学(UVA)和弗吉尼亚理工大学。

"I do hope that schools like, you know UVA, Virginia Tech, still choose to be test optional because otherwise, it is really hard, I think, for students to kind of see themselves at those schools. They can accept the fact that they might not get into Dartmouth or Georgetown or Johns Hopkins or something, right? But you should have a shot at being able to go to your top-ranked state school. Yeah, that's what I think, anyway."

“我确实希望像弗吉尼亚大学、弗吉尼亚理工大学这样的学校仍然选择考试选择性，因为否则，我认为学生很难在这些学校看到自己。他们可以接受他们可能进不了达特茅斯或者乔治城或者约翰霍普金斯大学的事实，对吧?但你应该有机会去最好的州立学校。是的，我就是这么想的。”