双语新闻：NASA在日全食期间寻求新发现
The event gives scientists an unusual chance to study the sun and learn how Earth's atmosphere reacts during a total solar eclipse. So, the American space agency NASA will launch several observation projects.
这一事件给了科学家一个不同寻常的机会来研究太阳，了解地球大气在日全食期间的反应。因此，美国宇航局将启动几个观测项目。
"Scientists have long used solar eclipses to make scientific discoveries," said Kelly Korreck. She is a program scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C. Korreck said among past discoveries were the first identification of helium and details about the sun's influence on Earth's upper atmosphere.
“长期以来，科学家们一直利用日食来进行科学发现，”凯利·科雷克说。她是华盛顿特区美国国家航空航天局总部的一名项目科学家。科雷克说，在过去的发现中，首次发现了氦，并详细说明了太阳对地球高层大气的影响。
Scientists will center a lot of their efforts on the sun's outermost atmosphere, known as the corona. Cameras and instruments will closely examine the corona, which is normally hard to observe because of the brightness of the sun.
科学家们将把大部分精力集中在太阳最外层的大气层，也就是日冕上。照相机和仪器将仔细检查日冕，由于太阳的亮度，通常很难观察到日冕。
NASA's WB-57 research airplanes can make these observations. The jets can operate 15,000 meters or more above Earth's surface. The aircraft will help search for "new details of structures in the middle and lower corona," a NASA statement said.
NASA的WB-57研究飞机可以进行这些观测。这些喷气式飞机可以在离地球表面1.5万米以上的高空飞行。美国宇航局的一份声明说，这架飞机将有助于搜索“日冕中下部结构的新细节”。
The space agency noted that studies of the corona can provide new information about how solar activity influences Earth. Images taken during the eclipse might also help astronomers learn more about dust rings around the sun and help them find unknown asteroids orbiting near the sun.
美国宇航局指出，对日冕的研究可以提供有关太阳活动如何影响地球的新信息。日食期间拍摄的照片也可能帮助天文学家更多地了解太阳周围的尘埃环，并帮助他们找到在太阳附近运行的未知小行星。
NASA will be flying WB-57 planes equipped with cameras and instruments along the eclipse path. These aircraft will look for increases in charged particle flows, called plasma, and other solar materials from the corona.
美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)将在日食路径上驾驶配备相机和仪器的WB-57飞机。这些飞机将寻找带电粒子流的增加，称为等离子体，以及来自日冕的其他太阳物质。
Another project will involve the agency's "sounding rockets." The rockets are designed to make short trips while collecting data and completing scientific experiments.
另一个项目将涉及该机构的“探空火箭”。这些火箭的目的是在收集数据和完成科学实验的同时进行短途旅行。
NASA said it plans to launch three sounding rockets during the total solar eclipse. The rockets to be launched from Virginia will examine possible changes within the ionosphere, an electrically charged part of the atmosphere near the edge of space.
美国宇航局表示，计划在日全食期间发射三枚探空火箭。从弗吉尼亚发射的火箭将检测电离层内部可能发生的变化，电离层是靠近太空边缘的大气层的带电部分。
The rockets will launch at different periods "to study how the sudden drop in sunlight affects our upper atmosphere." The first rocket will blast off 45 minutes before totality happens. The second will be sent during the height of the eclipse, and the third will launch 45 minutes after.
这些火箭将在不同的时间发射，“以研究阳光的突然减少如何影响我们的高层大气。”第一枚火箭将在全食发生前45分钟发射升空。第二颗将在日食高峰期发射，第三颗将在45分钟后发射。
Each rocket will deploy four small instruments built to measure changes in electric and magnetic fields, density, and temperature. NASA said these experiments will aim "to measure just how widespread the effects of an eclipse are."
每枚火箭将部署四台小型仪器，用于测量电场、磁场、密度和温度的变化。美国宇航局表示，这些实验的目的是“测量日食的影响范围有多广”。
NASA and other research groups will receive help from many "citizen scientists" carrying out their own observations. These individuals will take pictures of the sun's corona during different parts, or stages, of the eclipse.
美国国家航空航天局和其他研究小组将得到许多“公民科学家”的帮助，他们将进行自己的观察。这些人将在日食的不同部分或阶段拍摄太阳的日冕。
Citizen scientists will observe the behaviors of birds and other animals as darkness arrives in the middle of the day. They will also measure dropping temperatures, observe clouds and use ham radios to test international communication signals.
民间科学家将观察鸟类和其他动物的行为，因为黑暗在中午到来。他们还将测量气温下降，观察云层，并使用业余无线电测试国际通信信号。
College students will launch more than 600 weather balloons along the path of totality. The balloons are designed to identify atmospheric changes as they happen.
大学生们将沿着日全食的轨迹发射600多个气象气球。设计这些气球是为了识别大气变化。
In addition to those efforts, three U.S. radar stations are in the path of the upcoming total solar eclipse. The stations – which are normally used to observe space weather – will attempt to measure changes in the upper atmosphere when the sky goes dark.
除了这些努力之外，三个美国雷达站也在即将到来的日全食的路径上。这些观测站通常用于观测太空天气，它们将试图测量天空变暗时高层大气的变化。
Research activities have been carried out during past total solar eclipses. But this time, scientists note that the moon is closer to Earth, meaning April's event will result in a longer period of darkness and a wider path of totality.
在过去的日全食期间进行了研究活动。但这一次，科学家们注意到月球离地球更近，这意味着4月的事件将导致更长时间的黑暗和更宽的日全食路径。
NASA's Korreck said this fact has researchers very interested in the science results. "Any time we can observe for longer, that gives scientists more data," she said.
美国宇航局的科雷克说，这一事实使研究人员对科学结果非常感兴趣。她说:“任何时候我们都可以观察更长时间，这给科学家提供了更多的数据。”
这一事件给了科学家一个不同寻常的机会来研究太阳，了解地球大气在日全食期间的反应。因此，美国宇航局将启动几个观测项目。
"Scientists have long used solar eclipses to make scientific discoveries," said Kelly Korreck. She is a program scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C. Korreck said among past discoveries were the first identification of helium and details about the sun's influence on Earth's upper atmosphere.
“长期以来，科学家们一直利用日食来进行科学发现，”凯利·科雷克说。她是华盛顿特区美国国家航空航天局总部的一名项目科学家。科雷克说，在过去的发现中，首次发现了氦，并详细说明了太阳对地球高层大气的影响。
Scientists will center a lot of their efforts on the sun's outermost atmosphere, known as the corona. Cameras and instruments will closely examine the corona, which is normally hard to observe because of the brightness of the sun.
科学家们将把大部分精力集中在太阳最外层的大气层，也就是日冕上。照相机和仪器将仔细检查日冕，由于太阳的亮度，通常很难观察到日冕。
NASA's WB-57 research airplanes can make these observations. The jets can operate 15,000 meters or more above Earth's surface. The aircraft will help search for "new details of structures in the middle and lower corona," a NASA statement said.
NASA的WB-57研究飞机可以进行这些观测。这些喷气式飞机可以在离地球表面1.5万米以上的高空飞行。美国宇航局的一份声明说，这架飞机将有助于搜索“日冕中下部结构的新细节”。
The space agency noted that studies of the corona can provide new information about how solar activity influences Earth. Images taken during the eclipse might also help astronomers learn more about dust rings around the sun and help them find unknown asteroids orbiting near the sun.
美国宇航局指出，对日冕的研究可以提供有关太阳活动如何影响地球的新信息。日食期间拍摄的照片也可能帮助天文学家更多地了解太阳周围的尘埃环，并帮助他们找到在太阳附近运行的未知小行星。
NASA will be flying WB-57 planes equipped with cameras and instruments along the eclipse path. These aircraft will look for increases in charged particle flows, called plasma, and other solar materials from the corona.
美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)将在日食路径上驾驶配备相机和仪器的WB-57飞机。这些飞机将寻找带电粒子流的增加，称为等离子体，以及来自日冕的其他太阳物质。
Another project will involve the agency's "sounding rockets." The rockets are designed to make short trips while collecting data and completing scientific experiments.
另一个项目将涉及该机构的“探空火箭”。这些火箭的目的是在收集数据和完成科学实验的同时进行短途旅行。
NASA said it plans to launch three sounding rockets during the total solar eclipse. The rockets to be launched from Virginia will examine possible changes within the ionosphere, an electrically charged part of the atmosphere near the edge of space.
美国宇航局表示，计划在日全食期间发射三枚探空火箭。从弗吉尼亚发射的火箭将检测电离层内部可能发生的变化，电离层是靠近太空边缘的大气层的带电部分。
The rockets will launch at different periods "to study how the sudden drop in sunlight affects our upper atmosphere." The first rocket will blast off 45 minutes before totality happens. The second will be sent during the height of the eclipse, and the third will launch 45 minutes after.
这些火箭将在不同的时间发射，“以研究阳光的突然减少如何影响我们的高层大气。”第一枚火箭将在全食发生前45分钟发射升空。第二颗将在日食高峰期发射，第三颗将在45分钟后发射。
Each rocket will deploy four small instruments built to measure changes in electric and magnetic fields, density, and temperature. NASA said these experiments will aim "to measure just how widespread the effects of an eclipse are."
每枚火箭将部署四台小型仪器，用于测量电场、磁场、密度和温度的变化。美国宇航局表示，这些实验的目的是“测量日食的影响范围有多广”。
NASA and other research groups will receive help from many "citizen scientists" carrying out their own observations. These individuals will take pictures of the sun's corona during different parts, or stages, of the eclipse.
美国国家航空航天局和其他研究小组将得到许多“公民科学家”的帮助，他们将进行自己的观察。这些人将在日食的不同部分或阶段拍摄太阳的日冕。
Citizen scientists will observe the behaviors of birds and other animals as darkness arrives in the middle of the day. They will also measure dropping temperatures, observe clouds and use ham radios to test international communication signals.
民间科学家将观察鸟类和其他动物的行为，因为黑暗在中午到来。他们还将测量气温下降，观察云层，并使用业余无线电测试国际通信信号。
College students will launch more than 600 weather balloons along the path of totality. The balloons are designed to identify atmospheric changes as they happen.
大学生们将沿着日全食的轨迹发射600多个气象气球。设计这些气球是为了识别大气变化。
In addition to those efforts, three U.S. radar stations are in the path of the upcoming total solar eclipse. The stations – which are normally used to observe space weather – will attempt to measure changes in the upper atmosphere when the sky goes dark.
除了这些努力之外，三个美国雷达站也在即将到来的日全食的路径上。这些观测站通常用于观测太空天气，它们将试图测量天空变暗时高层大气的变化。
Research activities have been carried out during past total solar eclipses. But this time, scientists note that the moon is closer to Earth, meaning April's event will result in a longer period of darkness and a wider path of totality.
在过去的日全食期间进行了研究活动。但这一次，科学家们注意到月球离地球更近，这意味着4月的事件将导致更长时间的黑暗和更宽的日全食路径。
NASA's Korreck said this fact has researchers very interested in the science results. "Any time we can observe for longer, that gives scientists more data," she said.
美国宇航局的科雷克说，这一事实使研究人员对科学结果非常感兴趣。她说:“任何时候我们都可以观察更长时间，这给科学家提供了更多的数据。”
