英语听力汇总   |   英语修辞与写作·6.1 词义的重要性

https://online2.tingclass.net/lesson/shi0529/

更新日期:2021-09-27浏览次数:319次所属教程:英语修辞与写作

-字号+

听力原文

6.1 词义的重要性

6.1A 词语错用的缘由

前面4.1A讲到,言语得当,如同衣着得体,是我们在交际中必须追求的目标,Better M. Dietsch也指出怎样才能做到用词得当:

Selecting words is like shopping in an enormous supermarket. But instead of roaming the aisles for groceries, a writer thumbs through the pages of a dictionary or thesaurus, searching for the right words.

(1998:119)

在日常谈话中,我们会听到下面这样的问题:

“Sorry, I don't understand the word. Could you explain it to me?”

“Would you please tell me what you meant by that word?”

这往往是由于在口头或笔头交际中碰到了词语使用错误的情况;而要避免错用词语,有必要把握词语的多重意义。例如:

Teacher: As a freshman, you'd try to learn your way around.

Student: No problem, sir. I know my way quite well. In fact I've got a new map with me and won't lose my way.

看来这个新生还没有完全理解老师的意思。实际上“learning your way around”这个短语可以表示几种不同的含义,除了解校园里办公楼、教室楼以及宿舍楼等的位置以外;还包括了解新开设哪些课程,有哪些授课老师,什么社团正在组建,何处有免费文体活动等;知道哪里可以买到所需要的东西,有些什么样的规定,到哪里了解有关情况,找谁去咨询问题,等等。

6.1B 词语多重意义的类型

在多种词语意义中,我们特别要关注“指示意义”(Denotation)与“隐含意义”(Connotation),“字面意义”(Literal meaning)与“比喻意义”(Figurative meaning),“积极意义”(Positive meaning)与“消极意义”(Negative meaning),“褒义”(Favorable meaning)与“贬义”(Unfavorable meaning)等。