听力课堂TED音频栏目主要包括TED演讲的音频MP3及中英双语文稿，供各位英语爱好者学习使用。本文主要内容为演讲MP3+双语文稿:急诊室医生帮你梳理“忙疯了”的生活，希望你会喜欢！
【演讲者及介绍】Darria Long
达里亚博士长期利用最好的科学让生活更健康、更好和更容易。
【演讲主题】一个急诊室的医生，帮你梳理“疯狂忙碌”的生活
An ER doctor on triaging your "crazy busy" life
【中英文字幕】
翻译者Wanting Zhong 校对者Yolanda Zhang
00:09
Raise your hand, and be honest, if you've used the phrase "crazy busy" to describe your day, your week, your month. I'm an emergency-room doctor, and "crazy busy" is a phrase you will never hear me use. And after today, I hope you'll stop using it, too.
如果你曾经用过“忙疯了”这个字眼 来形容你的一天、一周、一个月， 请诚实地举起你的手。 我是一名急诊室医生， 你从来不会听到我说 “忙疯了”。 今天之后， 我希望各位也不会再用这种说法。
00:37
Here's why you cannot afford to use "crazy" to describe your busy. Because when we are in what I refer to as Crazy Busy Mode, we are simply less capable of handling the busy. Here's what happens. Your stress hormones rise and stay there, your executive function in the prefrontal cortex declines. That means your memory, your judgment, your impulse control deteriorate, and the brain areas for anger and anxiety are activated. Do you feel that?
为什么你不能用 “疯狂” 来形容你的忙碌？ 因为当我们处于所谓的 “疯狂忙碌模式”中时， 我们只不过是 更难以驾驭这种忙碌。 在这种情况下： 你的应激激素会升高 并且居高不下， 你的前额叶皮质的 执行控制能力会下降。 这意味着你的记忆、判断 和自制能力都会变差， 而和愤怒、焦虑有关的 大脑区域则会被激活。 你们感受到了吗？
01:12
Here's the thing. You can be as busy as an emergency department without feeling like you're crazy busy. How? By using the same tactics that we use. Our brains all process stress in similar fundamental ways. But how we react to it has been shown by research to be modifiable, whether it's emergencies or just daily, day-in, day-out stress. Now contrast Crazy Busy Mode with how I think of us in the ER -- Ready Mode. Ready Mode means whatever comes in through those doors, whether it's a multiple-car pileup, or a patient having chest pain while stuck in an elevator, or another patient with an item stuck where it shouldn't be. When you're know you're dying to ask.
重点是， 你能够像急诊室人员一样忙碌， 但却不会有忙疯了的感觉。 怎么才能做到呢？ 通过使用和我们一样的诀窍。 我们的大脑都用相似的 基本方式处理压力。 但是研究显示， 我们对压力的反应 是可以改变的， 不管是应对紧急情况， 还是日常的压力。 那么将 “疯狂忙碌状态”， 和我心目中急诊室的状态—— “准备就绪状态” 进行对比。 准备就绪状态意味着 不管有什么从门外进来， 无论是连环车祸的伤员， 困在电梯内的胸痛病人， 还是身体某个部位出现了 不该出现的东西的患者， 我知道你们非常想问细节。
02:01
(Laughter)
（笑声）
02:03
Even on those days when you would swear you were being punked, we're not afraid of it. Because we know that whatever comes in through those ER double doors, that we can handle it. That we're ready. That's Ready Mode. We've trained for it, and you can, too. Here's how.
哪怕是那些你会发誓说 自己被整惨了的日子， 我们也不会害怕。 因为我们知道， 无论从急诊室门外进来什么， 我们都能够应付。 我们准备好了。 这就是准备就绪模式。 我们是被训练出来的， 而你也可以做到。 下面我要介绍一些方法。
02:27
Step one to go from Crazy Mode to Ready Mode is to relentlessly triage. In Crazy Mode, you're always busy, always stressed, because you're reacting to every challenge with the same response. Contrast that with Ready Mode, where we triage, which means we prioritize by degree of urgency. This isn't just a nice way to get your to-do list done. Work by Dr. Robert Sapolsky shows that individuals who cannot differentiate threat from non-threat and react to everything with the same response have double the level of stress hormones. Which is why this is the first skill to learn. You can't take care of them all at once, but you don't have to. Because we triage.
从疯狂模式到就绪模式的第一步， 是不厌其烦地进行分类。 在疯狂模式下， 你总是很忙，很有压力， 是因为你对每一个挑战 都做出了相同的回应。 相比起来，在就绪模式中， 我们会进行分类， 也就是根据紧急程度 确定优先顺序。 这不仅是一个能让你 完成待办事项的好方法。 罗伯特 · 萨泊斯基博士 （Robert Sapolsky）的研究表明， 那些无法区分威胁和非威胁， 并对所有事情 都做出相同反应的人， 他们的应激激素水平 是常人的两倍。 这就是为什么分类 是首先要学习的技能。 你无法同时处理好所有事情， 但你也没必要这样做。 因为我们可以分类。
03:10
Red -- immediately life-threatening. Yellow -- serious, but not immediately life-threatening. Green -- minor. And we focus our efforts first on the reds. Now hear this. Part of the problem in Crazy Mode is that you are reacting to everything as if it is red. So start by triaging correctly. Know your reds. They're what is most important and where you can most move the needle.
红色——立即有生命危险。 黄色——严重， 但不会立即有生命危险。 绿色——轻度受伤。 我们首先重点处理 被标成红色的病人。 那么重点来了， 疯狂模式的部分问题在于， 你把所有事情当成了红色事项 来应对。 所以要从正确地分类开始， 了解你的红色事项。 这些是最重要， 也最能取得成效的部分。
03:43
Now it's easy to be confused by noise, but what it noisiest is not always what is most red. In fact, my severe asthmatic patient is most at risk when he's quiet. But my patient over here, demanding that I bring her flavored coffee creamer, she's noisy, but she's not red.
这很容易和干扰弄混， 但是吵得最大声的 并不一定是最紧急的。 事实上，严重哮喘的病人在安静时， 生命反而最岌岌可危。 但在这边要求我 给她拿调味咖啡奶精的病人 虽然很吵闹，却情况并不紧急。
04:05
I'll give you an example from my own life. Last spring, my house flooded, my one-year-old was in the ER, I was supposed to do a fundraiser for my four-year-old's school and the final chapter of my book was beyond late. Maybe not ironically, that was the chapter on stress.
我给大家举一个我生活中的例子。 去年春天，我的房子被水淹了， 当时，我一岁的孩子在急诊室， 我还要为我四岁孩子的学校 筹办募捐活动， 并且我的书的最后一章 也已经逾期未交了。 讽刺的是，那一章是关于压力的。
04:23
(Laughter)
（笑声）
04:25
My red tasks were getting my one-year-old better and finishing my book. That was it. Remember, relentlessly triage. The house flood repair? Well, once we had stopped and stabilized the damage, it was no longer a red. It felt red, but it was in fact just noise. Know your reds, and do not let your non-reds distract you from them.
我的红色任务 是让我一岁的孩子好起来， 并且完成我的书。 仅此而已。 记住，不断地分类。 修复被水淹的房子？ 一旦我们止住漏水， 控制住损害， 它就不再是红色事项了。 它让人感觉很紧急， 但实际上只是干扰而已。 了解你的红色事项， 并且不要让你的非红色事项 分散你的注意力。
05:03
By the way, it is liberating with a green task to, every once in a while, be able to remind yourself, "That's a green task. No one's going to die."
顺便一提， 绿色任务能让你感到解脱， 偶尔能提醒一下自己， “那只是绿色任务， 没有人会死的。”
05:12
(Laughter)
（笑声）
05:13
It's OK if it's not perfect.
就算它不完美也没有关系。
05:18
Now there's one last triage level that we use in the worst scenarios. And that is black. Those patients for whom there is nothing we can do. Where we must move on. And although it is gut-wrenching, I mention it, because you each have your own equivalent black tasks in your life. These are items that you must take off your list. And I think many of you know what I'm talking about. For me, this was the fundraiser. I had to step down. Because as we in the ER know, if you try to do everything, you have no hope of saving your reds.
还剩一个分类等级， 我们用它来表示最坏的情景。 黑色， 是指那些我们无能为力的病人。 我们必须放弃他们。 虽然这令人无比痛苦， 但我提到它， 是因为你们生活中 也同样有黑色任务。 这些是你必须 从待办清单中移除的事项。 我觉得很多人都知道我在说什么。 对我来说，这指的是募捐活动。 我必须放弃。 因为我们这样的 急诊室人员很清楚， 如果你试图完成每件事， 你就无望拯救你的红色病人。
06:02
Step two to go from Crazy Mode into Ready Mode is to expect and design for crazy. Half of handling crazy is how you prepare for it. So if step one we triage, step two, we design to make those tasks easier to do. Science shows us that the more options we have, then the longer each decision takes. And the more decisions we have to make, the more exhausted our brain gets and the less it is capable of making good decisions. Which is why this step two is about finding ways to reduce your daily decisions.
从疯狂模式到就绪模式的第二步， 是去预测疯狂，并为其做出规划。 想要处理疯狂忙碌的事情， 一半在于你怎么做准备。 如果在第一步中， 我们将事情分类， 第二步，我们把这些任务 规划得更容易完成。 科学研究告诉我们， 当我们拥有的选择越多， 我们做出每个决定的时间就越长。 而当我们要做出的决定越多， 我们的大脑就越疲惫， 并且更难做出正确的决定。 这就是为什么第二步 是要找到办法减少 你在生活中面临的选择。
06:38
Here are four easy examples you can use in your daily lifestyle. Plan. Plan your entire week's meals on the weekend, so that when it's Wednesday at 6pm and everyone's hangry and requesting pizza, you have no decisions to make to get a healthy meal on the table. Automate. Never leave anything to remember that you could automate, whether it's scheduling it as recurring or saved list, or recurrent purchases. Colocate. When it comes to exercise, store all the equipment that you need for a certain activity together, charged and ready, so you don't spend energy looking for it. And decrease temptations, for anyone driven by sugar cravings. Anyone? Say aye, go ahead. That itself is its own form of Crazy Mode and self-medication for Crazy Mode, but stop working your willpower. Design differently. If a food is out of immediate reach, such that you have to use a stool to reach it, even when it's chocolate, study participants ate 70 percent less without thinking about it. I know. Let that sit for a second.
这里有四个简单的例子， 你可以尝试运用到自己的日常生活中。 计划。 在周末计划你接下来一周的饮食， 这样等到周三晚上六点， 大家都饿疯了， 嚷着要吃披萨的时候， 你无需做出选择 就能吃上一顿健康的晚餐。 自动化。 能够自动完成的东西 就没必要记住， 无论是日程表中的重复事项， 还是购物时的自动重复下单。 集中放置。 在健身的时候， 把所有要用的器材放在一起， 充好电，准备好， 这样你就不用浪费精力四处寻找。 还要抵制住诱惑， 如果你嗜好甜食的话。 有人是这样吗？ 有吧。 甜食本身就是一种疯狂模式， 也是疯狂模式的自制解药， 但不要再挑战你的意志力了。 而是做出不同的规划。 如果某种食物不是触手可及， 比如要踩着凳子才能够到， 哪怕是巧克力， 研究中的被试者也少吃了 70%， 而且没有一直惦记这回事儿。 我知道， 你细细品一品。
07:52
(Laughter)
（笑声）
07:53
Design to make the choices you wish to make easier.
通过规划，让你更容易做出 你希望的选择。
07:59
Which bring us to the third step to go from Crazy Mode to Ready Mode, and that is to get out of your head. Come with me. Different story. I'm working in a small, satellite ER, when a woman comes in in labor. I realize that the cord is wrapped not once but twice around the baby's neck. And I'm the only doctor. I was scared. But I couldn't let it derail me. Because, you see, we all get nervous. We all get scared, but it's what you do next that matters. That first feeling isn't the problem. It can be an important sign. The problem comes when we let it derail us. When that internal monologue starts and we catastrophize and we start to get that tunnel vision. That's how you think when you're in Crazy Mode, and you cannot solve anything that way.
这就让我们来到了从疯狂模式 转变为就绪模式的第三步： 清除你脑海中的杂念。 我这里还有 另外一个故事。 我在一个小型的附属急诊室工作时， 进来了一位临产的女性。 我意识到孩子的脖子被脐带缠了 不止一圈，而是两圈。 我是唯一的当值医生。 我不由心生恐惧， 但我不能让它干扰我。 因为我们都会紧张， 我们都会害怕， 但关键的是你接下来的行动。 第一感觉不是问题。 它可以是重要的征兆。 当我们被这种感觉干扰， 才会出现问题。 当我们内心独白开始， 我们开始想象最坏情况， 我们的眼界开始变得狭窄。 这就是你在疯狂模式下的思考模式， 而它不能让你解决任何问题。
09:01
Now I promise to come back to the story, but first, how do I get out of my own head? There are many tactics that you may hear, but for me, I find it best in the moment to actively put my focus on someone else. To deliberately make myself see the person in front of me, see myself in the arena with them -- what do they need, what do they fear and how can I help? This may sound like a whole lot of warm and fuzzy to you, but it's not. In fact, research shows that when you prime your brain with what is, essentially, compassion, we disrupt that tunnel vision and internal monologue. You widen your perception, so your brain can actually take in broader information, so you see more possibilities and can make better decisions. Try it. Know that your internal monologue can derail you. And realize that when you get out of your own head, you get out of your own way.
我保证等会儿会继续讲故事， 但首先，我该怎样 从脑海中清除杂念？ 你可能听说过很多小技巧， 但对我来说，我觉得最有用的 是主动将注意力集中在别人身上。 故意让自己看见面前的人， 想象自己和他们处于同一个立场—— 他们需要什么，他们害怕什么， 我能怎么帮助他们？ 对你们来说， 这也许听起来很模糊， 但其实不是。 事实上，研究发现， 当你用同情心 诱导你的大脑时， 就能瓦解内心独白和狭窄眼界。 你拓宽了你的感知， 从而让大脑能接受更广泛的信息， 让你能看到更多可能性， 从而做出更好的决定。 试试看。 认识到你的内心独白会扰乱你， 还要意识到 当你消除这些杂念的时候， 你就能扫除自身的障碍。
10:06
Now what happened to that baby? I focused not on my fear, but on the mother and the baby and what they needed me to do. And got the cord off of the baby's neck, and a healthy screaming, kicking baby arrived, just as the dad ran in from the parking lot, "Hi, you have a son, I'm Dr. Darria. Congratulations, you want to cut the cord?"
那么那名婴儿后来怎么样了？ 我没有关注我的恐惧， 而是专注于这位妈妈和宝宝， 以及她们需要我做些什么。 我把脐带从宝宝脖子上绕开， 一个健康哭闹着的宝宝呱呱坠地， 这时他的爸爸 刚好从停车场冲进来， “你好，是一个男孩。 我是达莉亚医生。 恭喜你，你想要剪断脐带吗？”
10:27
(Laughter)
（笑声）
10:28
And for a moment, the strong cries of a newborn drowned out the beeps and the sirens that are the normal sounds of the ER. But there was also something else. Because when I walked back out of that mother's room, I saw several of my other patients hovering nearby. I suddenly realized that despite their own problems that had brought them to the emergency room, they had all come together to root for this baby. And they now together shared in the joy.
那一刻， 一个新生儿有力的哭声， 盖过了急诊室司空见惯的 滴滴声和警报声。 但还不止这些。 当我走出那位母亲的房间时， 我看见有其它几位病人在附近徘徊。 我突然意识到， 虽然他们是因为各自的理由 来到了急诊室， 但他们都聚在了一起 为这个孩子加油。 而此时他们正在共同分享喜悦。
11:04
Because that is what happens when you go from Crazy Mode to Ready Mode. Others notice. They want it too, they just don't know how, they just need one example. Which could be you. Own the busy. But stop calling it crazy. You've always had that ability. But now ... you're ready.
因为这就是你从疯狂模式 进入就绪模式时发生的事。 别人也会注意到， 他们也想要这种能力， 只是不知道该怎么做， 他们只是需要一个例子。 那可以是你。 掌控自己的忙碌状态， 但是不要再称它为疯狂。 你一直都有这种能力， 但是现在…… 你准备好了。
11:34
Thank you.
谢谢。
11:35
(Applause)
（掌声）