听力课堂TED音频栏目主要包括TED演讲的音频MP3及中英双语文稿，供各位英语爱好者学习使用。本文主要内容为演讲MP3+双语文稿:致后代女性, 你们是变革的根源，希望你会喜欢！

【演讲者及介绍】Gloria Steinem

Gloria Steinem是一位获奖的记者、作家、政治活动家和女权主义组织者。

【演讲主题】未来几代的女性，你们是变革的根源

To future generations of women, you are the roots of change

【中英文字幕】

翻译者Hsin-Hui Lin 校对者Amanda Zhu

Gloria Steinem: Yes, hello, hello.

格洛丽亚．斯泰纳姆：是的，喂？

Pat Mitchell: Hello, hello. What a thrill to have this opportunity. When we ask all of our TED community, many of them, "Who would you like to hear from if we're going to look forward and onward, when it comes to women in the world?" Unanimously, the answer was "Gloria Steinem." Now I know you're way too modest to accept that easily, so before we move onward, may I go back a bit, since we have known each other for a long time, and talk about those early days when you were building a movement, challenging stereotypes, moving beyond cultural norms. You must have had some manifestation of "Fearless" in your life. What were your fears and how did you overcome them?

帕特．米切尔：嗨，哈啰。 非常兴奋能有这次机会。 我们在 TED 社群里问了许多人： 「假如谈到『世界上女性的展望』， 你们会想听到谁的演说？」 答案不约而同是 「格洛丽亚．斯泰纳姆」。 我知道你一定会谦虚推辞， 所以在继续进行之前， 因为我们很早就认识了， 是否能让我回溯一下， 谈谈早些年你发起运动、 挑战刻板印象、 超越社会常规的日子。 你的人生中一定有过「无惧」的时刻， 你过往的恐惧是什么？如何克服它们？

GS: No, I certainly had a lot of fears, and chief among them was speaking in public, just like I am now. Because, you know, we choose to express ourselves in the way that is most natural, and I became a writer because I didn't want to talk. So the first thing I had to overcome was the fear of public speaking, and because I was afraid to do it by myself, I asked a friend to do it with me -- Dorothy Pitman Hughes, and then Flo Kennedy -- anyway, so we became, in that way, somewhat accidentally, one white woman, one Black woman, speaking together, which, you know, was very helpful to express that the movement was for everyone.

格：我当然害怕很多东西， 最大的恐惧就是在公开场合演讲， 像我现在一样。 我们都会选择用 最自在的方式去表达自己。 而我选择当作家， 正是因为我不想演讲。 所以我首要克服的 就是公开演讲的恐惧， 因为我实在很怕单独进行， 所以我请了朋友跟我一起： 先是多萝西．皮特曼．休斯， 然后弗洛．肯尼迪…… 总之，不知怎的就变成 一位白人女性、一位黑人女性互相对谈， 恰好表达了这场运动 是为所有人而存在。

PM: And in those early days, when you were becoming, not only a really powerful public speaker, in spite of your fears, you were also normalizing and creating response to a word that became the anthem for so many of us, literally changing lives, standing in front of crowds and saying, "Feminism is for every woman." And I see now, as you do, that there are still ways in which feminism is not understood as a concept. Misunderstood, criticized, sometimes ridiculed. How do you describe feminism?

帕：早些年的日子， 你不仅顶住自身的恐惧， 成为具渲染力的公众演说家； 你也让大众对「女性主义」的反应趋于正常， 更讲出许多人都奉为圭臬的一句话， 一句真的改变生命的话； 你站在人群之前，大声疾呼： 「女性主义属于所有女性。」 但现在，如你所看到的， 我注意到有些人无法理解 女性主义的概念， 而是被误解、批评，有时甚至被奚落。 你会如何形容女性主义呢？

GS: Well, it's just the radical idea that human beings are all equal and we can dispense with the labels of gender and class and race and begin to realize our unique individuality. Of course feminism was misunderstood in the beginning, as if it were about female superiority or it was a movement for lesbians only, not for all women. I mean, you know, there were all kinds of misunderstandings, not to mention ridicule. But I hope that that's past. I used to just send people to the dictionary to look up feminism, very helpful.

格：从头到尾它就是 「人人平等」的概念而已。 我们可以不可重用性别、 阶级、种族的标签， 开始去意识到每个个体的独特性。 当然在一开始， 女性主义受到许多误解， 以为女性主义倡导女性至上， 或只是女同志的专属运动， 而不是给全体女性的。 误解五花八门， 更别说嘲笑了。 但我希望这些都是过去式。 我还曾经给民众字典， 让他们自己查「女性主义」。 满有用的。

PM: How do you feel the new generation and the next generation of young women -- what is their relationship with the word and the concept of, "there's still a lot to be done to reach that equal step"?

帕：你认为新的一代 及下一代的年轻女性， 她们与「女性主义」这个字的关系， 还有她们如何看待 「平等尚未达成， 改变仍须进行」的想法？

GS: Yeah, well I don't think that -- I mean, the word is still there, womanism, women's liberation, there are all kinds of words, but I think it's much more about content and not worrying too much about form. So Black Lives Matter was started by three young Black feminists. You know, that was their creation that is beginning to change much that needs to be changed. And they just assumed that of course they were there as three young Black feminists.

格：我不觉得…… 类似的用词的确很多： 有色人种女性主义、妇女解放等等， 有很多名词， 但我认为真正重要的是内容， 而不要太去计较形式。 「黑人的命也是命」运动 是由三名黑人女性主义者发起。 那是她们所创造出来的， 开始去改变那些需要被改变的。 她们也自认是以黑人女性主义者的身分 来发起这个运动。

PM: And in the early days of the women's movement and continuing all the way through, one of the ways that we have learned to talk to each other about difficult issues in which we may have disagreements, were sort of the talking circles or the consciousness raising, but is this something we could do to begin to build back the bridges between us?

帕：不管是以前的妇女运动时期 或是现在， 在沟通困难议题时都可能会产生歧见， 我们学到的其中一个方法 便是用提高对问题认知的 团体谈话圈圈的方式， 我们也可以用这个方法 在双方之间搭起一座桥梁吗？

GS: You know, I regret the emphasis on divisions, because we are more unified than any other movement in history. So I think we ought to celebrate that fact. And it comes out of talking circles as you point out, which used to be called consciousness raising groups. And it just means that you sit in a circle, as Native Americans taught us long ago, and you each get to speak in turn -- Native Americans passed around a talking stick -- and everybody has to listen while each person -- and in that way, you say unsayable things and somebody on the other side of the circle says, "Oh, I've experienced that too." And you discover what is shared and also, you discover how you can help each other. There's no substitute for those kinds of talking circles.

格：其实我有点后悔强调分裂， 因为这其实是史上最团结的运动， 我觉得我们应该要颂扬这个是实。 至于你所提到的谈话圈圈， 以前被称作提高认知小组， 基本上就是围一个圈圈坐， 像美国原住民很久之前教我们的那样， 接着每个人轮流说话， 就像原住民将谈话棒 一位一位传下去一样。 轮到的人讲话的时候，其他人聆听。 这种方式可以使人说出难以启齿的事情， 圈圈对面的人可能会说： 「噢，我也经历过这样的事。」 然后你就会产生共鸣。 同时也会发现该如何去帮助对方。 没有比这种谈话圈圈更好的替代方案了。

PM: I want to be the first to volunteer with you, Gloria, to start the talking circles and passing the talking sticks again. One of the surprising things that people who come into your presence are always surprised to find out what a great sense of humor you have. And one of my favorite books of the many you have written sits by my bedside, and the title of it -- forgive me those who might not like bad language -- the title is "The Truth Will Set You Free, But First It Will Piss You Off!" So I'm wondering now what truth is setting you free and what continues to piss you off?

帕：格洛丽亚，我会第一个自愿 加入你的谈话小圈圈，一起传谈话棒。 当人们遇到你的时候 总是会很惊讶地发现你的幽默。 你写了许多书， 我都放在床头， 其中我最喜欢的一本，请观众原谅我的用词， 书名是《真相会让你解脱，但会先气死你！》 所以我想问，是什么真相让你自由？ 又是什么真相让你气死了呢？

GS: Well, actually, right at this moment, I mean, the truth is COVID -- you know, and we understand that is a universal experience and danger we're all dealing with, and what pisses me off is that we don't use that experience in the positive sense. In the sense that we learn from dangers as well as from accomplishments. It pisses me off that this is not used in a positive way to overcome the idea of categories of human beings or of national boundaries or of countries. I mean, we're all here on Spaceship Earth.

格：这个嘛，以现在来说， 真相是新冠肺炎。 我们了解这是一场全球共同面对的危机， 但让我气死的是 我们并没有把所学的经验 作正面的运用。 我们在危机和成就之中 都学到了一些东西， 我气的是我们没有 以正面的方式来运用它， 没有用在克服 区隔人种、国界、国家观念。 我们都在这艘「地球号」宇宙飞船上。

We're all citizens of Spaceship Earth, and COVID knows that, so it should help to teach us that.

我们都是地球号宇宙飞船上的子民， 而新冠肺炎这个是实。 我们应该要能从中学到这点教训的。

PM: And as we're looking at our current reality, we've seen yet another great milestone for women, in this country for sure, with the newly elected Vice President Kamala Harris, who said in her speech, you know, "I may be the first, but I won't be the last," and I think of the many times that you and I and others have said that. What difference will it make, in our country and around the world, when there are more women in all leadership positions, what are our differences as leaders?

帕：今日现况， 我们可以看到另一个女性的里程碑， 尤其是在这个国家， 新任准副总统贺锦丽 在她的演说中讲道： 「我可能是第一个， 但我绝不是最后一位。」 我想起我们大家都曾说过这样的话。 当有更多女性居于领导位置， 会为我们国家、甚至整个世界 带来什么不同？ 我们作为领导时有什么不同？

GS: Well, I mean for one thing, we will have the advantage of using all of human intelligence instead of only a small portion of it; this would be a good thing. And we will also allow children to see themselves as leaders universally, instead of just one small group. Because right now, when kids look at leaders, they don't necessarily see themselves.

格：首先， 我们将得以用上全人类的智慧， 而不是只用上一小部分的人， 这是很棒的一点。 我们也同时能让所有孩子 在领袖身上看到自己的影子， 而不是只有少数孩子。 因为当现在的孩子看向领袖们， 他们并不一定看得见自己的影子

PM: When we look at you, we see a leader, Gloria, and there are so many things that you could point to with pride, although I know you don't. But what is it that motivates you or keeps you on the path onward in those moments of doubt, or the times when things look bleak or there are fears, or do you ever fear, ever feel those feelings?

帕：格洛丽亚，我们看着你 就看见了一位领导者。 你大可骄傲地为评论许多事， 但我知道你不会这么做。 是什么激励着你？ 在踌躇的时候， 或当一切看似无望或有恐惧阻碍的时候 是什么引领你向前？ 你曾经害怕吗？ 曾经有害怕的感觉吗？

GS: No, of course I fear, I mean, definitely. But as the slogan goes, "Follow the fear and do it anyway. Fear is a sign of growth."

格：我当然也害怕过，绝对的。 但就如一句口号所说： 「跟随恐惧，还是要做。 害怕不过是成长的征兆。」

It's a good thing, right?

这是件很棒的事，对吧？

PM: Right.

帕：是的。

GS: I'm so inspired by young women, I mean, I keep feeling as if I just had to wait for some of my friends to be born. And to see that this is profoundly a global movement, as it always has been. I mean, you know, even the response to the march right after the inauguration of the current president, in every -- Latin America, Africa, you know, were marching together. It really has become a global movement, thanks in large part to technology, because we can see each other, as we are now, and also just to the contagion of the idea of freedom, you know. If women spend nine months being pregnant and caring for a child, why isn't it that men are responsible for spending that much more than half the time taking care of the child, hello?

格：年轻女性给我很多启发。 我总是觉得 有些朋友还没有诞生到这个世界， 我等着他们一同见证 这场亘久、深远的全球运动。 就连现任总统就职演说后举办的游行， 在拉丁美洲、非洲等区域 都同时举办游行。 这真的是一场全球性的运动， 感谢科技， 我们得以看见对方， 就像我们现在一样， 也要感谢自由这个概念的感染力。 如果女人怀胎九个月、哺育孩子， 为什么男人不需付出 一半以上的时间照顾孩子， 真是令人费解。

Logic is in the eye of the logician, right?

逻辑只在想找的时候才看得到，对吧？

So you know, wherever you look, there's just a discovery of freedom, of common sense, of companionship.

所以，不管往何处看， 处处都能发现自由、常识与同伴。

PM: Is there, of all the things in your life, what has been the greatest source of confidence building and inspiration? Is it the global sisterhood that you've built around the world?

帕：在你一生所有事物中， 是否有那么一件事 是你自信与灵感的最大来源？ 是你所串连的全世界姐妹们吗？

GS: Well, it's just other women. I mean, I would not have been able to ever conquer my fear of public speaking, which is where we started out, if it hadn't been for my fearless friend, Dorothy Pitman Hughes, you know, for doing it together. So you know, it's learning from each other, and just remembering to ask, really, because the help is there, the inspiration is there, the sense of community is there, and I hope that technology can help us in this way, especially because for women, that's important, because we can communicate in safety. But I do regret and worry about the COVID emergency, because we do also need to be together with all five senses in order to truly empathize. So I look forward to the day when you and I can once again be in the same room.

格：这是其他姐妹的功劳。 就像我一开始提到的， 要不是有我无畏的朋友 多萝西．皮特曼．休斯， 我也无法克服公开演说的恐惧。 多亏她与我一起完成。 所以，一切都在于彼此学习。 还有，一定要记得开口求助， 因为帮助一直都在、 灵感一直都在、 团体归属感也一直都在， 我希望科技能在这个层面上帮助我们， 对女性来说尤为重要， 我们能因此在安全的环境下彼此沟通。 但我也为新冠肺炎的紧急事态 感到遗憾和担忧， 因为我们同时也需要 用五感去感受在一起、 去真切地感同身受。 所以我期盼 你我能在同一空间的那天。

PM: Well, you and I have been in a lot of the same rooms, and even when you're not in the same room with women everywhere, you have inspired them, Gloria. And to see the full and total story, well, at least part of the full and total story, the movie has been made about Gloria's life. It's called "The Glorias," based on her book "My Life on the Road," which is certainly the way you've spent your life, and it's available for livestreaming on Amazon Prime and I do highly recommend it. Gloria, thank you for your work, for your life, for the fearless way in which you have led us all forward, and one last next step for moving onward from you? What advice or counsel?

帕：我们曾多次共室。 格洛丽亚，即使你与姐妹们不在一起， 你也同样激励着他们。 如果想了解故事全貌， 或至少部分的故事全貌， 格洛丽亚的人生故事已经改编成电影， 名称是《荣耀》， 改编自她的著作《我的飘零人生》， 里头详实记录你如何走过你的人生。 亚马逊 Prime 上有提供直播， 我本人也极度推荐。 格洛丽亚，谢谢你的付出、 谢谢你精采的一生、 也谢谢你引领我们走往无畏的道路。 你的下一步是什么呢？ 是否能给我们一些建议？

GS: Ah. Just do it.

格：嗯…… 就去做吧。

You know, I think we kind of wait for instructions from up there, or we worry or something, and you know, if we just get up in the morning and say, "OK, I'm going to do this, and I'm going to get in touch with three or four other people," and just think of change as a tree, you know -- it doesn't grow from the top down, so we shouldn't be waiting for somebody to tell us what to do. It grows from the bottom up, and we are the roots of change.

我觉得我们常常在等来自上头的指示， 或者我们会担心之类的。 但如果我们能在某天醒来，告诉自己： 「好，我要这么做。 我要去联络三到四个人。」 想想树是怎么长大的—— 它不是由上往下长， 我们也不该等别人 来告诉我们要怎么做； 它是由下往上长， 我们自己就是改变的根基。

PM: We are bearing the roots of your work, Gloria, with gratitude. Thank you very much for joining us for TEDWomen 2020.

帕：我们享受着你奋斗的果实。 谢谢你，格洛丽亚。 谢谢你参加 TEDWomen 2020。

GS: No, and thank you for bringing women together, which is the magic.

格：不，谢谢你串连了所有女性， 这才是魔力所在。

Thank you.

谢谢。