Now, theVOA Special English program WORDS AND THEIR STORIES.

Many American cities have interesting nicknames. Nicknames can help establish the identity of a city. They can also spread pride among its citizens. But nicknames sometimes can make fun of something.

Cleveland, Ohio is a city in America’s Midwest. One of its earliest nicknames was Forest City. No one knows for sure who gave it this name in the eighteen thirties. But Cleveland probably had a lot of trees. This nickname became popular among local businesses in the eighteen fifties. Today, some businesses in the Cleveland area still use Forest City in their names.

Cleveland sits next to Lake Erie, one of North America’s Great Lakes. It was once a major manufacturing city. Ships used the lake for transporting goods. In the nineteen fifties, businesses called Cleveland, the Best Location in the Nation.

However, many factories closed or moved away. Cleveland had severe financial problems in the nineteen sixties and seventies. In nineteen sixty-nine, the city became famous, but not in a good way. Cleveland’s Cuyahoga River caught on fire because of industrial wastes on the surface of the river. So in the nineteen seventies, the national media began calling the city The Mistake on the Lake.

Since then, Cleveland has sought to improve its image. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum opened in Cleveland in nineteen ninety-five. So the city is proud of its latest nickname, The Rock and Roll Capital of the World.

Another city in the Midwest is Detroit, Michigan. Henry Ford started the Ford Motor Company in Detroit in nineteen hundred three. Five years later, he made the first "Model T" automobile. Within ten years, Detroit was being called The Motor City. It is still the center of the automobile industry in America.

Another popular nickname for Detroit is Motown. Berry Gordy, Junior started the Motown Record Corporation in Detroit in nineteen fifty-nine. African-American singers recording for the company were extremely popular in the nineteen sixties and nineteen seventies. Their records were so successful that Detroit was also called Hitsville, USA.

(Tempations - "Ain’t Too Proud to Beg")

This program was written by Shelley Gollust. I’m Faith Lapidus. You can find more WORDS AND THEIR STORIES at our Web site, tingclass.net.

Now, the VOA Special English program WORDS AND THEIR STORIES.

这是VOA特别英语词汇典故节目。

Many American cities have interesting nicknames. Nicknames can help establish the identity of a city. They can also spread pride among its citizens. But nicknames sometimes can make fun of something.

许多美国城市都有他们自己有趣的别名。别名可以帮你了解一个城市的特性，也可以传播其公民的自豪感。但有时别名会带来很多乐趣。

Cleveland, Ohio is a city in America’s Midwest. One of its earliest nicknames was Forest City. No one knows for sure who gave it this name in the eighteen thirties. But Cleveland probably had a lot of trees. This nickname became popular among local businesses in the eighteen fifties. Today, some businesses in the Cleveland area still use Forest City in their names.

俄亥俄州克利夫兰市在美国中西部地区。它最早的一个别名是Forest City。没有人知道谁在18世纪30年代给它起了这个名字。也许克利夫兰市有许多树。18世纪50年代，这个别名在当地的一些企业里很受欢迎。今天,克利夫兰市的一些企业仍用Forest City这个别名。

Cleveland sits next to Lake Erie, one of North America’s Great Lakes. It was once a major manufacturing city. Ships used the lake for transporting goods. In the nineteen fifties, businesses called Cleveland, the Best Location in the Nation.

克利夫兰市挨着北美五大湖之一—伊利湖。它过去是一个主要的工业城市。工厂通过伊利湖运送货物。19世纪50年代,一些企业称克利夫兰为Best Location in the Nation。

However, many factories closed or moved away. Cleveland had severe financial problems in the nineteen sixties and seventies. In nineteen sixty-nine, the city became famous, but not in a good way. Cleveland’s Cuyahoga River caught on fire because of industrial wastes on the surface of the river. So in the nineteen seventies, the national media began calling the city The Mistake on the Lake.

然而, 19世纪60、70年代，许多工厂倒闭或搬走了，克利夫兰市面临着很严重的财政问题。1969年，由于工厂把废弃物都扔到了Cuyahoga河上，克利夫兰的Cuyahoga河起火了，因此，这个城市变得家喻户晓。所以，19世纪70年代，国家媒体称它为The Mistake on the Lake。

 Since then, Cleveland has sought to improve its image. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum opened in Cleveland in nineteen ninety-five. So the city is proud of its latest nickname, The Rock and Roll Capital of the World.

从那时起,克利夫兰一直致力于改善自己的形象。1995年，摇滚名人堂及博物馆在克里夫兰创立。因此，克利夫兰对它最新的别名很是自豪The Rock and Roll Capital of the World.

Another city in the Midwest is Detroit, Michigan. Henry Ford started the Ford Motor Company in Detroit in nineteen hundred three. Five years later, he made the first "Model T" automobile. Within ten years, Detroit was being called The Motor City. It is still the center of the automobile industry in America.

另一个在美国中西部的城市是密歇根州底特律市。1903年，Henry Ford在底特律市开创了福特汽车公司。五年后, Henry Ford发明了第一个“T”型汽车。十年之内,底特律就被称为The Motor City。现在它仍然是美国的汽车工业中心。

Another popular nickname for Detroit is Motown. Berry Gordy, Junior started the Motown Record Corporation in Detroit in nineteen fifty-nine. African-American singers recording for the company were extremely popular in the nineteen sixties and nineteen seventies. Their records were so successful that Detroit was also called Hitsville, USA.

底特律的另一个别名是Motown。1959年，Berry Gordy在底特律市创立了摩城唱片公司。19世纪60、70年代，在此公司录制歌曲的非洲裔美国歌手很受欢迎。他们的唱片如此成功,所以底特律也被称为Hitsville, USA。

(Tempations - "Ain’t Too Proud to Beg")

This program was written by Shelley Gollust. I’m Faith Lapidus. You can find more WORDS AND THEIR STORIES at our Web site, www.tingclass.net.

这次节目由Shelley Gollust撰写，我是Faith Lapidus。你能在我们的网站找到更多的词汇典故www.tingclass.net。

1、  make fun of 取笑，嘲笑

例句：He liked to make fun of the way that she walked.

       他喜欢嘲笑他走路的样子。

2、  be proud of 因某事而自豪

proud  adj.
（1）.有自尊心的
    例句：She had been too proud to ask for help.
          她的自尊心太强, 从不求助于人。
（2）.自豪的, 得意的
    例句：We are proud of our motherland.
          我们为祖国感到自豪。
          He was proud of having such a good friend.
          他为有这样的好朋友而自豪。
（3）.骄傲的, 傲慢的, 妄自尊大的
    例句：She is too proud to see her own mistake.
          她太骄傲了, 看不到自己的错误。

3、  famous

  be famous as和be famous for的区别和用法