Now, theVOA Special English program WORDS AND THEIR STORIES. Almost all American cities have nicknames. They help establish a city's identity. They can also spread unity and pride among its citizens.
Two east coast cities -- Philadelphia and Boston -- were both important in the early history of the United States. Philadelphia is best known as The City of Brotherly Love.
In sixteen eighty-one, King Charles the Second of England gave William Penn a large amount of land to establish a colony. The king named the colony Pennsylvania in honor of Penn's father. William Penn was a Quaker. He brought his beliefs about equality, religious freedom and brotherly love to this new land. Penn was also an expert in Latin and Greek. He established a city and named it Philadelphia, which is Greek for "brotherly love." An ancient city called Philadelphia was also noted in Christianity's holy book, the Bible.
Philadelphia became the social, political and geographical center of the American colonies. In the late seventeen hundreds, many events that took place in Philadelphia gave birth to the American Revolution and independence. For example, the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were signed in the city. Philadelphia was the temporary capital of the new nation from seventeen ninety to eighteen hundred.
Some of Philadelphia's other nicknames are The Quaker City, The Cradle of Liberty and The Birthplace of America. Philadelphia is a long name. So many people just call it Philly.
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Boston is another important city. It is one of the oldest cities in the United States. In sixteen thirty, Puritan settlers from England established Boston in what would become the state of Massachusetts.
Several major events took place in Boston before and during the American Revolution. You may have heard of the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party and the Battle of Bunker Hill.
So, like Philadelphia, Boston is called The Cradle of Liberty. Another nickname is The Cradle of Modern America.
However, Boston's most famous nickname is Beantown. But it was not because?the city grew a lot of beans.??In the seventeen hundreds, Boston was a major trading center. It received a lot of sugarcane from the West Indies. Beans baked in molasses, a sugar product, became a favorite food in the city. Today, no companies there make Boston baked beans. Restaurants in Boston rarely serve it. But many Americans eat this tasty dish at home.
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This program was written by Shelley Gollust. I'm Barbara Klein. You can find more WORDS AND THEIR STORIES at our Web site, www.tingclass.net.
Now, the VOA Special English program WORDS AND THEIR STORIES. Almost all American cities have nicknames. They help establish a city's identity. They can also spread unity and pride among its citizens.
现在是美国之音特别英语词汇典故节目。几乎所有的美国城市都有自己的别名。他们可以帮助创立一个城市的风格，激发公民的自豪感，建立团结精神。
Two east coast cities -- Philadelphia and Boston -- were both important in the early history of the United States. Philadelphia is best known as The City of Brotherly Love.
费城和波士顿是两个东沿海城市，也是美国早期重要的城市。费城以其“博爱城”（ The City of Brotherly Love）的别名闻名远内外，
In sixteen eighty-one, King Charles the Second of England gave William Penn a large amount of land to establish a colony. The king named the colony Pennsylvania in honor of Penn's father. William Penn was a Quaker. He brought his beliefs about equality, religious freedom and brotherly love to this new land. Penn was also an expert in Latin and Greek. He established a city and named it Philadelphia, which is Greek for "brotherly love." An ancient city called Philadelphia was also noted in Christianity's holy book, the Bible.
1681年，英格兰查尔斯二世给威廉姆·佩恩很多土地建立殖民地。。国王把这块殖民地称作宾夕法尼亚州以此来纪念佩恩的父亲。威廉姆·佩恩是一个教友派信徒。他把平等的信念、宗教信仰自由和博爱带到了这块新土地之上。佩恩同样也是一个拉丁语和希腊语方面的专家。他建立了一个城市，并取名叫做费城，其在希腊语中的意思是“博爱”。一座被称作费城的古老的城市也被记载在基督教的圣书《圣经》中。
Philadelphia became the social, political and geographical center of the American colonies. In the late seventeen hundreds, many events that took place in Philadelphia gave birth to the American Revolution and independence. For example, the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were signed in the city. Philadelphia was the temporary capital of the new nation from seventeen ninety to eighteen hundred.
费城成为了美国殖民地中社交、政治和地理位置的中心。17世纪晚期，在费城爆发了美国的工业革命和独立战争。例如，独立宣言和宪法都是在这个城市签署的。费城是17到18世纪这个新国家临时首都。
Some of Philadelphia's other nicknames are The Quaker City, The Cradle of Liberty and The Birthplace of America. Philadelphia is a long name. So many people just call it Philly.
费城的其他一些别名是“教友派教徒之城”（ The Quaker City），“自由的摇篮”（ The Cradle of Liberty）和“美国的诞生地”(The Birthplace of America)。Philadelphia是一个很长的名字，所以很多人只叫它Philly。
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Boston is another important city. It is one of the oldest cities in the United States. In sixteen thirty, Puritan settlers from England established Boston in what would become the state of Massachusetts.
波士顿是另外一个重要的城市。它是美国最古老的城市之一。1630年，从英国来的清教徒移居者建立了波士顿，这个在将来成为马萨诸州首府的城市。
Several major events took place in Boston before and during the American Revolution. You may have heard of the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party and the Battle of Bunker Hill.
美国工业革命前后，在波士顿发生了一些主要事件。你可能听说过波士顿大屠杀，波士顿倾茶事件和邦克山战役
So, like Philadelphia, Boston is called The Cradle of Liberty. Another nickname is The Cradle of Modern America.
所以，和费城一样，波士顿也被称作“自由的摇篮”（ The Cradle of Liberty）。另外一个别名是“现代美国的摇篮”（ The Cradle of Modern America）。
However, Boston's most famous nickname is Bean town. But it was not because the city grew a lot of beans. In the seventeen hundreds, Boston was a major trading center. It received a lot of sugarcane from the West Indies. Beans baked in molasses, a sugar product, became a favorite food in the city. Today, no companies there make Boston baked beans. Restaurants in Boston rarely serve it. But many Americans eat this tasty dish at home.
然而，波士顿最著名的别名是“豆城”（Bean town）。这并不是说波士顿种植了许多的豆类。在17世纪，波士顿是一个主要的商业中心。从西印度群岛接受了许多的甘蔗。人们把豆类放在蜜糖内烘焙用来制作一种糖制品，这种食品变成了这座城市中最受欢迎的食物。今天，再也没有生产那种波士顿烘焙豆子的工厂了。在波士顿的饭店也很少供应这种食物。但是许多的美国人在家里吃这种食物。
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This program was written by Shelley Gollust. I'm Barbara Klein. You can find more WORDS AND THEIR STORIES at our Web site, tingclass.net.
这次节目由Shelley Gollust撰写，我是Barbara Klein。在我们的网站tingclass.net，你可以找到更多的词汇典故。
重点讲解：
1、in honor of 向…致敬，向…表示敬意；为庆祝…
例句：We held a welcome meeting in honor of him.
我们举行了欢迎会向他表示敬意。
It's only a party in honor of my birthday.
这只不过是一场庆祝我生日的聚会
2、take place 发生；举行
例句：When did the merger of Singapore and Malaya take place?
新加坡与马来西亚合并发生在什么时候？
A fatal accident takes place at this cross three years ago.
这个十字路口三年前发生了一起死亡事故。
3、temporary [ 'tempərəri ] adj. 暂时的，临时的 n. 临时工，临时雇员
例句：This is your temporary task.
这是你暂时的工作。
Of course, this must be temporary.
当然，这一定是暂时的。
4、hear of 听说，听说过
例句：We all rejoiced to hear of your success.
听说你们成功了我们很高兴。
We have just heard of his marriage to an heiress.
我们刚刚听说他与一位女继承人结了婚。
5、bake [ beik ] vt. 烤，烘焙 vi. 烘面包；被烤干；受热 n. 烘烤食品；烤
例句：To make the cake we must bake it.
要做一个蛋糕我们一定要用烘烤的。
6、rarely [ 'rεəli ] adv. 很少地；难得；罕有地
例句：The frugal boy rarely spends money.
那节俭的孩子很少花钱。
I rarely visit my uncle.
我很少去探望我叔叔。