Type1引述他人观点(为提出自己观点铺垫)

　　[1] It is widely(commonly) accepted(hold)+THAT

　　[2] A widely accepted(commonly) hold idea(point of view,viewpoint, opinion,assumption)is +THAT/NP

　　[3] A/The dominant(prevalent, prevailing)idea(see [2])is NP/to DO

　　[4] It is taken for granted+THAT(or:We often/frequently take it for granted THAT)

　　[5] People(The majority) seem to get accustomed to the idea(see [2]),without questioning,THAT )

　　[6] People are willing to regard NP1 as NP2/ADJ

　　[7] People are willing to DO,while reluctant to DO

　　Type2提出异议

　　[1] However (But),…

　　[2] Such idea(see[1-2]),if not entirely ADJ1,is somewhat ADJ2 and needs careful consideration.

　　ADJI=unreasonable,unacceptable, inappropriate,improper,undesirable,

　　etc;

　　ADJ2=misleading,doubtrul, etc

　　[3] In fact(As a matter of fact),…(follow[2])

　　[4] However, it is not (quite, necessarily)the case. (

　　[5] This (It) is not (quite, necessarily) the case and needs to bo fruther considered/discussed.(or:further consideration/discussion)

　　Type3论述的展开:说明原因和理由,层进,举例,转折

　　[1] The reason lies in several aspects, (

　　[2] The reason why+clause+[1, underlined] (

　　[3] There are several remarkable reasons. (

　　[4]层进in addition, besides, fruthermore, what's more, on the other hand, meanwhile, for one thing…for another; finally, above all, in short.

　　[5]举例for example, for instance, such (general term) as (specific terms),a typical (striking) example is that, a case in point

　　[6]转折however, but, nevertheless,on the contrary

　　[7]条件if , provided that, unless, as long as,etc

　　Type4就…而言;关于

　　[1] as far as …is/are concemed: As far as current situation is concerned

　　[2] as t the problem as to NP有关…的问题

　　Type5问题

　　[1] Although much effort has been made, the situation is far from satisfactory (or: the problem remains unsolved, little improvement has been achieved)