Li:   大家好我是杨莉，欢迎收听你问我答节目，我们每周一次回答听众朋友提出的棘手的英语词汇或语法问题。今天和我一起在录音室的还有我的同事英语老师 William Kremer. Hello William.
 
William:    Hello Li. So what's our question today? 

When was the last time you weighed yourself?

 
Li:   今天的问题来自我们的听友陶书。陶书在邮件里写道, he writes, "Recently I came cross an article about film critics. It's very interesting. But the phrase 'That said' at the beginning of a sentence in this article annoyed me. What does it actually mean?" 听上去陶书被一个英语短语难住了这就是  that said. What do you think, William?
 
William:    I think that this is a question about contrastive linking adjuncts. 
 
Li:    Oh wow, William 这听上去将是一堂非常枯燥的语法课了！ 
 
William:    Well yes, perhaps it is a little bit boring. That said, it is very useful and not at all difficult. 
 
Li:    That said, it is very useful. 不过它不是说过什么话的意思，而是表示一种转折。人们往往用  that said 来引出对一种观点的补充，转换语气，转换观点。
 
William:    That's right. I started by saying that this was a little bit boring – a negative characteristic.Then I said "that said" to indicate that I was going to talk about something positive.
 
Li:    Hmmm. 是不是说人们在日常对话中常常用这个短语来表示不同意见？
 
William:    No, it's not used to disagree with someone else. I said "that said" to show a contrast in my own feelings toward this topic.
 
Li:   这次清楚了就是说讲话的人用  that said 这个短语来提示对方他将针对自己刚刚发表的观点或意见进行补充或对照  a contrast 对比对照。这很类似汉语中的尽管怎么样怎么样，但是话又说回来了。 
 
William:    Yes. So let's listen to an example now. And in this clip we're going to hear a doctor asking a patient about his weight.
 
Li:   下面我们将听一段生活对话，医生问病人的体重。
 
Insert
 
Doctor:    When was the last time you weighed yourself? 
 
Patient:    Um, I can't really remember.
 
Doctor:    OK, well according to the chart you're not technically overweight. That said, I don't think it would do any harm to try and get a bit more exercise. 
 
Li:   医生说病人虽然没有超重 overweight, 但是that said, 他还是建议这位病多做些健身活动。我们再听一遍:
 
Insert
 
Doctor:    When was the last time you weighed yourself?
 
Patient:    Um, I can't really remember.
 
Doctor:    OK, well according to the chart you're not technically overweight. That said, I don't think it would do any harm to try and get a bit more exercise. 
 
William:    Now, there are several other phrases with a very similar function to that said. We're going to hear more of that conversation that we just heard between a doctor and his patient.
 
Li:   是的, 让我们再来听听刚才那段对话的延伸部分。病人去医院查体，听大家注意听看看你能不能捕捉到和that said这个转折短语类似的其它表达。
 
Insert
 
Doctor:    Would you say you have a healthy lifestyle?
 
Patient:    Well I don't know. I don't smoke or drink. But on the other hand I don't really get much exercise, so...
 
Doctor:    When was the last time you weighed yourself?
 
Patient:    Um, I can't really remember.
 
Doctor:    OK, well according to the chart you're not technically overweight. That said, I don't think it would do any harm to try and get a bit more exercise. Try cycling to work in the morning instead of taking the bus. Or you might think about joining a gym.
 
Patient:    Right. 
 
Doctor:    Having said that, don't push yourself too hard to begin with. Do lots of warm-up exercises before you start.
 
Patient:    Ok. 
 
Doctor:    How about diet? Do you eat lots of red meat? 
 
Patient:    Yeah I do eat meat with most of my meals actually, yeah. 
 
Doctor:    Right, well you want to think about that. Try eating fish once a week and perhaps give the bacon sandwiches a miss at lunchtime!
 
Patient:    Yep.
 
Doctor:    Then again, a small amount of red meat can be good for you, since it contains a lot of protein, although it's probably better to grill rather than fry it.
 
Patient:    Ok, so I need to cut down on red meat and get more exercise basically.
 
Doctor:    Yes, that would be my advice. But saying that, you seem to be relatively fit and healthy.
 
 
William:    Ok Li. Now in that clip did you hear any phrases which were similar to that said?
 
Li:    Yes, lots! Let's go through them. First of all, we heard 'on the other hand'.
 
Insert
 
Patient:    ... I don't smoke or drink. But on the other hand I don't really get much exercise, so...
 
Li:    On the other hand 这个短语在人们表达两个对应的观点时很常见。比如I don't smoke, but on the other hand I don't get much exercise either. 接着我们就听到了陶书同学提出的那个短语  that said:
 
Insert
 
Doctor:    OK, well according to the chart you're not technically overweight. That said, I don't think it would do you any harm to try and get a bit more exercise. 
 
Li:   还有一个非常类似的短语就是having said that:
 
Insert
 
Doctor:    Having said that, don't push yourself too hard to begin with. Do lots of warm-up exercises before you start.
 
Li:   医生接着又使用了另一个转换短语，他说  then again. 
 
Insert
 
Doctor:    Then again, a small amount of red meat can be good for you, since it contains a lot of protein, although it's probably better to grill rather than fry it.
 
William:    Then again, a small amount of red meat can be good for you. And in that clip we also heard the word 'although'. 
 
Li:    Although 虽然。哎William，你说说另外一个词 however 不是也有同样的转换作用吗？ 
 
William:    It does. Although we should remember that the word however is a little bit more formal and we're probably more likely to use it in written English.
 
Li:    Ah ok, however是一个比较正式的词语，多用在书面语中。最后我们要提示大家的是刚才那段对话结尾部分的一个短语，医生说  saying that.
 
Insert
 
Patient:    Ok, so I need to cut down on red meat and get more exercise basically.
 
Doctor:    Yes, that would be my advice. But saying that, you seem to be relatively fit and healthy.
 
William:    Ok, so, that said, having said that and saying that all have the same function really. And they are all very useful, very informal ways for you to give a complex view about something. 
 
Li:    That's wonderful William, thank you very much. 我看今天讲了这么多内容，够同学们消化一阵子了。如果需要的话大家可以回过头去重新听一遍采访录音，温习温习。 
 
William:    That's a really good idea. Having said that, you might feel that you already understand these phrases pretty well!
 
Li:    Thanks again Tao Shu for your interesting question.
 
William:    Yes and remember that if you have a grammar or a vocabulary question that you would like to ask, just drop us an email at questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk.
 
Li:    Yes, we can't wait to read your questions. Bye bye!
 
William:      Bye bye!