Vege

　Realize Vegetarian Agitation　认识素食风潮及其好处

     1　素食风潮好处多
     Vegetarianism encompasses the practice of following plant-based diets (fruits, vegetables, etc.), with or without the inclusion of dairy products or eggs, and with the exclusion of meat (red meat, poultry, and seafood). Abstention from by-products of animal slaughter, such as animal-derived rennet and gelatin, may also be practiced.
     Vegetarianism can be adopted for different reasons：In addition to ethical reasons, some reasons for vegetarianism include health, religious, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic or economic, and there are varieties of the diet：An ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs, and an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products. A vegan (or strict vegetarian) diet excludes all animal products, such as eggs, dairy, and honey. Environmental vegetarianism is based on the concern that the production of meat and animal products for mass consumption, especially through factory farming, is environmentally unsustainable. In May 2009, Ghent, Belgium, was reported to be "the first [city] in the world to go vegetarian at least once a week" for environmental reasons, when local authorities decided to implement a"weekly meatless day". Civil servants would eat vegetarian meals one day per week, in recognition of the United Nations' report.
     The American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada have stated that at all stages of life, a properly planned vegetarian diet is"healthful, nutritionally adequate, and provides health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases". Large-scale studies have shown that mortality from ischemic heart disease was 30% lower among vegetarian men and 20% lower among vegetarian women than in nonvegetarians. Necessary nutrients, proteins, and amino acids for the body's sustenance can be found in vegetables, grains, nuts, soymilk, eggs and dairy. Vegetarian diets offer lower levels of saturated fat, cholesterol and animal protein, and higher levels of carbohydrates, fiber, magnesium, potassium, foliate, and antioxidants such as vitamins C and E and photochemical.
     2　素食主义多样性的表达方式
     （1）Vegetarian 严守素食主义者
     Vegetarian avoid all food made from animals, such as eggs, milk, cheese and honey.
     （2）Ovo-lacto 奶蛋素素食主义者
     An ovo-lacto vegetarian (or lacto-ovo vegetarian) is a vegetarian who does not eat animal flesh of any kind, but is willing to consume dairy and egg products. In the Western world lacto-ovo vegetarians are the most common type of vegetarian.
     （3）Raw foodism 生食主义
     Raw foodism (or rawism) is the practice of consuming uncooked, unprocessed, and often organic foods as a large percentage of the diet. Depending on the type of lifestyle and results desired, raw food diets may include a selection of raw fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds (including sprouted whole grains such as gaba rice), eggs, fish (such as sashimi), meat (such as carpaccio), and non-pasteurized/non-homogenized dairy products (such as raw milk, raw milk cheese, and raw milk yogurt)
     （4）Fruitarianism 食果实主义
     Fruitarianism involves the practice of following a diet that includes fruits, nuts and seeds, without animal products, vegetables and grains. Fruitarianism is a subset of dietary veganism.
     素食主义是一种饮食文化，实践这种饮食文化的人称为素食主义者，这些人不食用来自动物身上各部分所制成的食物，包括动物油、动物胶。世界各国或不同文化下的素食主义有所不同，有些素食主义者可食用蜂蜜、奶类和蛋类，有些则否。世界上许多素食者都是基于宗教的因素而食素。五辛是葱、蒜、洋葱、韭菜及兴渠，在佛教中认为去除五辛之后才是真正的素食，回教徒不能吃猪、狗、驴肉。还有一些是非宗教类原因。