课本中不会教你的[H]341　have作为行为动词的几种结构

341　have作为行为动词的几种结构

① have+宾语（物）+过去分词

（1）表示使动，是主语的意志，有意所为，意为“要别人把……做了，把……做了”，have有时可为get代替。

I had my watch fixed. 我让人修了表。

We had the enemy surrounded. 我们把敌人包围了。

You must have the passage recited. 你必须背诵这一段。

She had her garden mowed once a month. 她每月请人把花园清理一次。

（2）表示被动，表示意外“遭受，完成某事，经受（experience）”，与主语的意志、意愿无关。

I had my watch broken. 我把表弄坏了。（无意弄破）

She had her hat blown off. 她的帽子被风吹落了。

He had his foot severely trodden upon in the bus. 他在公共汽车上脚被人踩伤了。

She had her valuable pictures stolen. 她的珍贵画被偷了。

He had 1，000 dollars saved. 他存有1000美元。

② have+宾语（人）+动词原形

这种结构常表示被动的遭受，不是主语的意志所为；还表示让“某人做某事”，意思上相当于make/let sb. do，为主语的有意所为。本结构的否定式don't have sb. do 表示“不能让某人做”。

He had the secretary write the report. 他让秘书写了报告。

I won't have you blame it on him！我不会允许你无端地责备他。

I will not have you go there alone. 我不会让你一个人去那儿的。

What ever would you have me do？你究竟想让我做什么？

His mother would have him study physics. 他母亲想让他学习物理。

③ have+宾语（人、物）+副词/形容词

表示使动，是主语的意志所为。

I shall have the desk here. 我要把桌子放在这里。

He had his room clean in order to give her a good impression. 他使房间洁净，以便给她一个好印象。

I can't have you idle. 我不能让你什么也不干。

Go and have Shelly over. 去叫雪莉过来一下。

④ have+宾语（人、物）+现在分词

表示使动，是主语的有意志行为，意为“让某人做某事，让某情况发生”；还含有“听凭，任凭”的意思。

I can't have him doing that. 我不能让他做那件事。

I won't have you smoking at your age. 你这个年龄，我不能让你吸烟。

Don't have the dog running in the yard. 不要让狗在院子里跑。

He had the lights burning all night long. 他让灯通宵达旦地亮着。

She had her baby crying for about five minutes. 她任凭婴儿哭了大约5分钟。

I had the car waiting outside. 我让车子在外边等着。

提示

①这个句型的否定式表示“不允许，不能让”。

We won't have him idling about doing nothing. 我们不容忍他到处闲荡无所事事。

②③和④两种结构有时不表示使动，而表示“经受，具有”。

He had a tooth out. 他的一颗牙掉了。

She has a lot of visitors coming. 她有许多客人要来。