attempt,endeavour和manage
① try为普通用语,较口语化,指付出一定努力去做某事,后接不定式和动名词时意义不同。
They tried to find a guide. 他们试图找一个向导。
She tried cooking her food with a solar cooker. 她试着用太阳灶做饭。
② try to do sth.表示“试图做某事”,相当于attempt to do sth.。try to do sth.常可用try and do sth.代替。
I shall try to answer all these questions. 我将试着回答所有这些问题。
They tried to build the bridge in three months. 他们试图在三个月内建成那座桥。
Try to be here early.
Try and be here early. 尽量早点来这里。
② try doing sth.表示“试着,尝试”做某事。
They tried making a model plane. 他们试着做一个模型飞机。
He tried swimming across the river. 他试着游过河去。
③ try out表示“试用”。
They have tried out the new medicine. 他们已试用过这种新药。
Please try it out. 请试用一下。
④ try on表示“试穿”衣服、鞋子等。
She is trying on a new dress. 她在试穿一件新衣服。
Try it on,please. 请试穿一下。
⑤ attempt意为“企图,尝试”,比try正式,指作一次性的尝试,强调开始做某事的企图,而不在乎是否达到目的。attempt是及物动词,后多接名词或不定式,有时也可接动名词。
He attempted a difficult task. 他试做一件艰难的工作。
He attempted to stand/standing up but was told to sit down. 他想站起来,但被要求坐下。
⑥ endeavour为书面用语,常对有价值的和困难的目标而言,含有必须付出巨大的努力,克服较大的困难的意味。
He endeavoured to compose himself. 他竭力使自己镇静下来。
You must endeavour to improve your work. 你必须努力改进自己的工作。
⑦ manage表示“设法做成了某事”,暗含经历了周折,克服了障碍,或总算“将就着”做成了。
比较
He managed to get the work done with very little help.他没用他人帮助完成了那项工作。
He tried to get the work done with very little help. (but failed)他试图不用他人帮助完成那项工作。(但没能完成)