百年50部英文烧脑电影赏析:[35]Shutter Island 禁闭岛

In 1954, two U.S. Marshals, Edward “Teddy” Daniels（Leonardo Dicaprio）and his new partner, Chuck Aule（Mark Ruffalo）, travel to the Ashecliffe Hospital for the criminally insane on Shutter Island located in Boston Harbor, as part of an investigation on the disappearance of patient Rachel Solando（Emily Mortimer）, incarcerated for drowning her three children. Shortly after arrival, a storm prevents their return to the mainland for several days. Daniels finds the staff confrontational: the lead psychiatrist, Dr. John Cawley（Ben Kingsley）, refuses to hand over records of the hospital staff; Solando's doctor, Dr. Sheehan, had left on vacation after her disappearance, and they are barred from searching Ward C and told that the lighthouse on the island has already been searched.
Daniels starts having migraine headaches, waking visions of his involvement in the Dachau massacre, and disturbing dreams of his wife, Dolores Chanal（Michelle Williams）, who was killed in a fire set by arsonist Andrew Laeddis（Elias Koteas）. In one dream, Chanal tells Daniels that Solando is still on the island, as is Laeddis. Daniels later explains to Aule that locating Laeddis was an ulterior motive for taking the case.
As Daniels and Aule continue their investigation, they find that Solando has been found by the staff with no explanation. With neither the staff nor patients helping, Daniels decides to break into Ward C, and eventually meets George Noyce（Jackie Earle Haley）, another patient. Noyce warns Daniels that Ashecliffe is performing questionable experiments on its patients, and sends the incurable to the lighthouse to be lobotomized. As Daniels leaves, Noyce asserts that everyone on the island, including Aule, is playing in a game designed for Daniels. Daniels regroups with Aule and they make their way to the lighthouse, but as they attempt to traverse the cliffs, they become separated. Daniels finds a woman hiding in a cave, claiming to be the real Rachel Solando（Patricia Clarkson）. The woman asserts she was a former psychiatrist at Ashecliffe until she discovered the experiments with psychotropic medication in an attempt to develop mind control techniques. When she attempted to alert the authorities, she was committed as a patient. Leaving the woman, Daniels finds no sign of Aule, and returns to the hospital. Dr. Cawley claims that Daniels arrived alone, with no evidence of Aule ever being there.
Determined but confused, Daniels returns to the lighthouse and breaks into it. At the top, he finds Dr. Cawley waiting for him. Cawley explains that “Daniels” is really Andrew Laeddis, incarcerated after killing his wife after she drowned their children. According to Dr. Cawley, the events of the past several days have been designed to break Laeddis' conspiracy-laden insanity by allowing him to play out the role of Daniels, an anagram of his name. The hospital staff, including Dr. Sheehan posing as Aule, were part of the test, and the migraines that Laeddis suffered were withdrawal symptoms from his medication. The memory of killing his wife briefly returns to Laeddis, and he passes out.
Laeddis awakes in the hospital, under watch of Dr. Cawley and Sheehan. When questioned, Laeddis can provide the details of how he killed his wife, which satisfies the doctors as a sign of progression; Dr. Cawley notes that they had achieved this state nine months before but Laeddis had quickly regressed. The doctor further warns that this will be Laeddis' last chance. Some time later, Laeddis relaxes on the hospital grounds with Dr. Sheehan, and begins calling him “Chuck” and saying they need to expose the conspiracy of Ashecliffe to the world. Recognizing this as a sign of regression, Dr. Cawley orders Laeddis to the lighthouse to be lobotomized; as he is taken away, Laeddis asks Dr. Sheehan, “Which would be worse? To live as a monster, or die as a good man?”, and then calmly leaves with the orderlies.
故事发生在1954年，两名美国警官，“泰迪”爱德华·丹尼尔斯（莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥饰）和他的新搭档恰克·奥力（马克·鲁弗洛饰），来到波士顿港禁闭岛上的一座精神病犯人医院——阿西克里夫医院，调查一起精神病人瑞秋·索兰度（艾米莉·莫迪默饰）的离奇失踪案。索兰度进院是因为亲手溺死了自己的三个孩子。在两名警官到达后不久，暴风雨来袭，切断了回去的路，他们被困在禁闭岛数天。丹尼尔斯发现这个医院的工作人员很不配合调查工作，首席精神病专家约翰·考利（本·金斯利饰）医生拒绝出示这家医院的工作人员名单，索兰度的主治医生希恩医生竟在她失踪后外出度假了，医院还禁止他们进入C区病房，并称院方已经在孤岛上的灯塔那儿搜寻过索兰度了。
这时丹尼尔斯的偏头疼开始发作，产生了置身于达豪集中营的幻觉，又梦到他在一场大火中死去的妻子德洛莉斯·香奈儿（米歇尔·威廉姆斯饰），那场火灾的纵火犯叫安德鲁·雷迪斯（伊利亚斯·科泰斯饰），梦中香奈儿告诉他索兰度和雷迪斯都还在这座岛上。清醒后丹尼尔斯告诉拍档奥力，他接手这起案子的另一目的是寻找雷迪斯。
丹尼尔斯和奥力继续调查此案，他们发现索兰度已经被工作人员找到，没有其他任何解释。在既没有工作人员也没有病人帮助的情况下，丹尼尔斯决定只身前往C区病房一探究竟，在那里，他遇到病人乔治·诺斯（杰基·厄尔·哈利饰），诺斯警告他阿西克里夫精神病院正在对病人进行具有争议的手术实验，他们会在灯塔为无法医治的病人施行脑叶切开术。丹尼尔斯正要离开，诺斯又说岛上包括奥力在内的所有人都是一伙的，给丹尼尔斯设计了一个骗局。 随后丹尼尔斯与奥力会合，一起前往灯塔，但在他们要翻越悬崖的时候，两人分开了。丹尼尔斯在悬崖下的山洞发现了一个女人，此人自称是真的瑞秋·索兰度（派翠西娅·克拉克森饰），她说自己原是这家医院的精神病医生，直到有一次发现了这里正在进行操纵人脑意识的手术实验，她试图要警告当局，院方遂将她以病人的身份关了起来。离开了这个女人，丹尼尔斯怎么也找不到奥力，当他回到医院时，考利医生却坚持说他是自己来的，他所说的拍档奥力根本没有来过。
丹尼尔斯带着困惑，决定调查到底，他返回灯塔并闯了进去。在灯塔的最顶层，考利医生正在等他。考利医生向他解释了所有疑惑，“丹尼尔斯”本人便是纵火犯安德鲁·雷迪斯，其妻溺死了他们的孩子后，他便纵火杀死了他的妻子，被关进这里。这几天发生的一切都是为具有阴谋幻想症的雷迪斯安排的，让雷迪斯扮演丹尼尔斯这一角色，实际上“丹尼尔斯”这个名字是通过他自己名字的回文构词法拼写出来的。医院员工都是这个测试的一部分，其中希恩医生扮演奥力一角，雷迪斯每次偏头疼的发作是因为他一直服用的药的药效在减退，他杀死自己妻子的回忆便会出现，这时雷迪斯又昏迷了。

雷迪斯再一次醒来，他躺在医院里，由考利医生和希恩医生看护。当被问及时，雷迪斯能清楚地回忆起他杀死妻子的细节，这证明他的精神病症状有所好转，也让医生们感到欣慰。考利医生说他九个月前也曾清醒过，但病情很快恶化，这次是他们为雷迪斯治疗的最后一次机会。数日后的一天，雷迪斯和希恩医生坐在医院的院子里，他突然叫希恩医生“恰克”，还说一定要向世人揭发这家医院的阴谋。考利医生知道雷迪斯的病情又恶化了，无奈只有带他去灯塔进行脑叶切手术抹去记忆。在他被带走的那刻，他问希恩医生：“像怪物一样生存，抑或做个好人死去，哪一种状态更差呢？”显然在他被带走的那一刻，他是清醒的。

insane［in'sein］adj. 疯狂的；精神病的；极愚蠢的
confrontational［ˌkənfrən'teiʃənl］adj. 对抗的；对抗性的
ulterior［ʌl'tiəriə］adj. 将来的；较远的；在那边的；隐秘不明的
explanation［eksplə'neiʃən］n. 说明；解释；辩解
incurable［in'kjuərəbl］n. 患不治之症者；不能治愈的人
traverse［'trævəs］vt. 穿过；反对；详细研究；在……来回移动
symptom［'simptəm］n. 症状；征兆
progression［prəu'greʃən］n. 前进；连续
orderly［'ɔ:dəli］n. 勤务兵；传令兵；护理员
重点掌握
■ … refuses to hand over records of the hospital staff...
hand over是英语中的一个固定搭配，在文中是“交出；交给”的意思，比如：When you vacate the room, you should hand over the door key to me. 你搬出房间时，要把房间钥匙交给我。另外，hand over还有“移交；让与”的意思，比如：I shall be glad to hand this job over. 我会很高兴地移交这项工作。

Leonardo Dicaprio Interviewed by Mali Elfman
You put yourself through hell in this film, it took you obviously into some very dark places, what drives you to work on such dark and dramatic roles?
Self-imposed suffering（laughs）. It was the nature of the material. At first glance, when I first read the book and the script, it was obviously a very complex jigsaw puzzle, and the line in which reality starts and dreams begin in Teddy's past is blurred. But throughout the movie, you start to learn about different facets of Teddy Daniels's mind on Shutter Island and it's a truth about his past, dramatic truth. It's a very ultra complex character study. In order to tell the story, we had to push the emotional story-lines, to have one set of circumstances what we believed and what we needed to push to the emotional extremes. I think that both of us（Martin Scorsese and I）kept Teddy going into dark and dark places in the film and I think it was surprising for the both of us, because only reading a screenplay there is only so much you can do. When you need to extract what is written on the page to being there and having to do these sequences in this movie and it really shocked us I think.
As it has been said it is a very demanding role you've tackled, and you're also tackling Virginia Woolf at the moment. How do you keep your sanity while doing all of these intense characters?
Well, by sheer necessity to survive the film- making process you have to switch off when you go home. I do say that with all sincerity because it was a very demanding role. Look, ultimately I am challenged by these types of characters that challenge me and this is maybe the most challenging one to date. Physically yes, emotionally more so. But it gives me great excitement, you know, this character, as Martin mentioned earlier, it is very difficult for one to talk about as with the narrative in detail, for people to have that virgin experience.
So we are very conscience, Martin, Sir Ben and myself, on a film that has a different interpretation, with different meanings and a certain ambiguity at the ending of this film and throughout the entire movie that could give the audience a different experience on further viewings. So that also challenges me as an actor in the way I portray Teddy, there will often times were we will, “how do I say this, pushing him into different extremes.” So yes, it was the most challenging ［film I've done］and I relished those experiences. 在这部电影里，你把自己置于地狱，这明显把你带入了一些晦暗的地方，是什么驱使你接拍这种如此深沉和戏剧性的角色？
自我强加的痛苦（笑）。是素材的性质决定的。最开始，当我第一次读这本书和剧本时，它显然是一个非常复杂的拼图，影片展开的路线是以现实开始，泰迪过去的梦想则以模糊的图像开始。但通过整部电影，你开始了解泰迪·丹尼尔斯在禁闭岛上的思想的不同层面。他的过去是事实，戏剧性的事实。这是一个非常复杂的人物的探索。为了讲述这个故事，我们不得不推动情感故事路线，在一系列我们所相信、所需要的情况下，推到情绪的极端。我认为在电影中我们俩（马丁·斯科塞斯和我）让泰迪步入了黑暗和黑暗之地，我觉得这让我们俩都感到惊讶，因为只读剧本，你能做的只有那么多。我认为当你需要把文字里提取的东西植入电影，在这部电影里必须融入这些时，这些真的能让我们震惊。
据说这是你遇到的一个很苛刻的角色，当时你也在着手拍摄《弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫》。你是怎样保持理智，同时接拍这些激烈的角色的？
能经受住电影的制作过程，是绝对必要的。当你回到家时，你必须忘怀。因为这是个非常苛刻的角色，我这样说完全充满了诚意。你看，我已经挑战了一些具有挑战性的角色，但这也许是最具挑战性的。身体上是，感情上更是如此。但今天，你知道，这个角色让我很激动，正如马丁之前提到过的，对于首次体验的人们来说，想要谈论细节很难。
所以，马丁、本和我自己，对这部有不同的解释，结尾有不同的含义，并且有些模棱两可的电影，我们都问心无愧。进一步欣赏，整个影片，能给观众提供不同的体验。所以，作为演员，在演绎泰迪的过程中，也挑战了我自己，很多时候我们会说，“我怎么说这些台词，把他推向不同的极端。”是的，［在我拍的电影中］这是最具挑战的，我享受这些体验。

本片是马丁·斯科塞斯与莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥合作的第四部电影，《禁闭岛》也维持着自2002年开始，马丁·斯科塞斯所拍摄的故事必定由莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥主演的记录。
派拉蒙当初筹拍本片时的导演是大卫·芬奇，主演则是布拉德·皮特，不过后来两人开始拍摄《本杰明·巴顿奇事》，本片的拍摄计划也随之顺移，最终大卫·芬奇与布拉德·皮特退出了拍摄计划。
在《禁闭岛》里，莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥所饰演的角色非常地晕船，具有讽刺意味的是，莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥所主演的《泰坦尼克号》中，绝大多数的场景都是在船上。
因为诸多原因，本片的公映日期从2009年的10月推迟到2010年的2月，这是因为派拉蒙想仿效《沉默的羔羊》那样，在2月公映，最终拿下了次年的奥斯卡。