金融时报:未来十年可能属于中国

未来十年可能属于中国

与普遍的看法不同，印度经济在过去十年的表现优于中国，印度仍然具有一些优势，例如消费比重较高和人口比较年轻。但如果Chindia携手卷土重来，也许下一个10年属于中国。

测试中可能遇到的词汇和知识：

elision [ɪ'lɪʒ(ə)n]n.省音

purchasing power parity购买力平价

MSCI摩根士丹利资本国际

Chindia: getting back together? (320 words)

by Lex, January 11, 2015 4:25 pm The two economies have more in common, again

Celebrity couple elisions took off at the beginning of the 2000s, giving us Bennifer, Brangelina and Tomkat. Countries were not immune. And just like a celebrity couple, the halves of Chindia have gone separate ways. In common perception, China has had the better divorce, its economy realising its potential while India's struggles.

The data tell a different story. In the decade since 2004, India's economy in purchasing power parity terms has achieved an annual growth rate of 14 per cent, according to Bloomberg. China has only managed 12. Over the same timeframe, the MSCI India index has delivered a total return of 237 per cent to China's 154.

India still has advantages. Its economy is more consumer-driven – according to World Bank data, consumption as a percentage of GDP was over 70 per cent in India, versus less than half in China. So India is less likely to suffer from the sort of fixed asset investment hangover that now besets China. And its young population is not ageing as fast: nearly a third of India's people are below the age of 15. In China that figure is only one-fifth. CLSA estimates that China's working age population as a proportion of the total began to decline from 2010. India's worker proportion is still rising and should overtake China's by 2030.

China and India still have common ground. The dominance of a slothful public sector is marked in both countries. The neglect of small and medium enterprises by mainstream lenders hampers both economies. And both are pushing their banking sectors to serve the smaller end of their economies – India through rural account openings and China by granting private banking licenses. And India aims to develop new industries in the manufacturing sector, reminiscent of China's last five year plan, which focused on several sectors key to rebalancing the economy.

If Chindia is getting back together, perhaps the next decade belongs to China.

请根据你所读到的文章内容，完成以下自测题目：

1.The word “slothful” in paragraph 4 can be replaced by “____”.

A.inactive

B.energetic

C.enormous

D.working

答案(1)

2.According to the article, which below is one advantage of India?

A.Population is aging rapidly.

B.Grant private banking licenses.

C.Economy is more consumer-driven.

D.Develop new manufacturing industries.

答案(2)

3.According to the article, which below is NOT a common ground between China and India?

A.The dominance of a slothful public sector.

B.The worker proportion began to decline from 2010.

C.The neglect of small enterprises by mainstream lenders.

D.Pushing banking sectors to serve the smaller end of economies

答案(3)

* * *

(1)答案：A.inactive

解释：slothful意味懒散的，选项中只有inactive接近这个含义。

(2)答案：C.Economy is more consumer-driven.

解释：文中提到印度所具有的两个优势分别为“经济在更大程度上由消费者驱动”以及“印度的年轻人口也不像中国那么快老龄化”。

(3)答案：B.The worker proportion began to decline from 2010.

解释：文中提到中国和印度所具有的共同点分别为两国都以懒散的公共部门占主导为特色、大银行对中小企业的忽视阻碍着两国经济、两国都在推动各自的银行业为经济小微端服务等，只有中国的劳动年龄人口占总人口的比例从2010年起开始下降。