LECTURE 186 基本介词 IN 2

LECTURE 186 基本介词 IN 2

词组讲解

1. in a vicious circle ** 陷入恶性循环；一波未平一波又起

解 习语；词义溯源：在［恶性循环（vicious circle）］里面

例 My parents scold me so much at home that I usually just stay over at my friend's house. Then they scold me for staying there too much. So I get upset and go to my friend's house again. We're in a vicious circle. I'd like to break this pattern, but I don't see any way out of it.

2. in accordance with sth. ** 遵循，根据

解 习语；词义溯源：处于与某物［一致（accordance）］的状态

例 Notice All Nurses of the Night Shift: I have received reports that night-shift nurses have been turning a blind eye to visitors who stay longer than the posted visiting hours. While I know it's difficult to force a person to leave when he's visiting a sick relative or friend, we must operate in accordance with the visitation policy as it is in the best interest of the health of the patients.

3. in advance of sb. or sth. / in advance ** 在…之前；提前

解 习语；词义溯源：处于某人或某物的［前方、前面（advance）］

例 Congress is under pressure to ratify the treaty in advance of the next World Trade Organization conference scheduled next year. They have their work cut out for them though as recent polls show that a full 30% of the representatives are opposed to a hasty ratification.

4. in all probability ** 十有八九，很可能；基本确定

解 习语；词义溯源：在［所有可能性（all probability）］里面

例 “In all probability, the Climate Bill will be ratified this year before Congress goes home for the Christmas holidays,” Senator Mitchell assured the press. He acknowledged the opposition, but predicted it would not prove to be a stumbling block.

5. in bad faith ** 不诚实，不诚恳；有恶意；欺诈

解 习语；词义溯源：用［不诚实（bad faith）］的方式

例 Democrats have charged that the investigation is being conducted in bad faith. “The Republicans who have pushed for this investigation have an axe to grind ,”Senator Ted charged. “They're not interested in justice；slandering the President is their only motive.”

巩固练习

(A) in a vicious circle

(B) in accordance with

(C) in advance of

(D) in all probability

(E) in bad faith

1. A: Be careful. Used car salesmen are notorious for acting ______. B: What do you mean? You mean I can't trust them? A: Well, let's just say they have a reputation of being dishonest and insincere when dealing with customers.

2. A: Have you ever been in a situation where you try to get out of a bad situation, but by doing so you make the situation worse—which makes you try even harder to get out of the situation, and that only makes it even worse. So you try even harder and... B: Okay, okay—I've got it. I know what you're trying to say. I think they call that being ______. Is that the problem you have with Tracy?

3. A: I want you to get to the conference room ______ the delegation. B: Okay. If I leave here by 10:00, I'll arrive an hour earlier.

4. A: Are you sure you're cleaning that machine ______ the instructions for cleaning in the maintenance manual? B: Yes, I'm sure I'm doing it the way it's prescribed by the manual.

5. A: The weather's been pretty bad this year. It was so hot and dry in the summer that ______ the rice harvest will suffer a 20% loss. B: It's also very likely the quality of the rice will not be as good as usual.

■ ANSWER:

1. (E)

2. (A)

3. (C)

4. (B)

5. (D)

参考译文

I. 1. 在家的时候我父母总是责骂我，所以我经常去朋友家过夜。之后，他们又因为我经常待在朋友家而责骂我。所以我很难过，又去了朋友家。我和父母的关系陷入了恶性循环。我想打破这种格局，但是我不知道该如何解决。

2. 值夜班的护士请注意：我收到举报，称我们的夜班护士对超过规定时间探视的病人家属睁一只眼闭一只眼。虽然我知道家属来看他们生病的亲人或朋友时，很难强迫他们离开，但是我们必须严格遵守探视规定，因为这是为病人的健康着想。

3. 国会要在来年的下一次世界贸易组织大会召开之前批准该协议，压力很大。尽管目前的民意调查显示，足足有30%的代表反对轻率批准协议，政府还在为此事准备。

4. “这项气候法案很可能在今年国会议员们放假过圣诞节之前获批。”议员米切尔向媒体证实了这条消息。他承认有反对意见，但预言这将不会成为批准法案的绊脚石。

5. 民主党派控告称，调查存在欺诈行为。参议员特德控诉道：“共和党强烈要求调查是别有用心。他们不在乎公平正义；诽谤总统是他们唯一的动机。”

II. 1. A：小心。二手车销售员因存在欺诈行为而臭名昭著。 B：什么意思？你的意思是我不能相信他们？ A：哦，这样说吧，他们在跟顾客交易时，存在欺诈和不诚实的行为，这是出了名的。

2. A：你有没有遇到过这种情况，就是你试图走出困境，但是反而让情况更糟，于是你又更加努力想要摆脱困境，但仍然只能让事情变得更糟。于是，你又试图更加努力，然后…… B：好了，好了，我知道你的意思了。这种情况叫做“恶性循环”。这就是你和特蕾西之间存在的问题吗？

3. A：我想要你在代表团到达之前先到会议室。 B：好的，如果我十点从这里动身的话，能早一个小时到。

4. A：你确定你是按照维修手册上的说明清洗机器的吗？ B：是的，我确定是按照维修手册上描述的方法做的。

5. A：今年的天气很糟糕。夏天又热又干，这样水稻的收成很可能会减少20%。 B：质量也很有可能没有往年的好。