27 that引导定语从句和同位语从句时的区别 Track 027
27 that引导定语从句和同位语从句时的区别 Track 027
（1）that是否作成分
that在定语从句中充当成分，而在同位语从句中不作任何成分，仅起连接作用。
a. The rumor that he spread everywhere turned out to be untrue.
b. The rumor that Tom was a thief turned out to be untrue.
以上两句先行词都是the rumor，引导词都是that。但a句中的that在从句he spread everywhere中作spread的宾语。故a句中that引导的是定语从句。b句中的that在从句Tom was a thief中不作任何成分，故b句中that引导的是同位语从句，作the rumor的同位语，补充说明the rumor的具体内容。
c. The fact that we talked about is very important. （that作 talk about的宾语，定语从句）
d. The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody. （that不充当成分，同位语从句）
（2）从句的作用
定语从句相当于形容词，它对先行词起修饰、描述、限制的作用；同位语从句相当于一个名词，它是前面名词的内容的具体表述，与前面名词是同位关系。
a. The news that you heard is not true. （定语从句）
b. The news that Lincoln was murdered at a theatre is true. （同位语从句）
c. The fact which you pointed out made me interested. （定语从句）
d. The fact that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. （同位语从句）
that在定语从句中充当成分，而在同位语从句中不作任何成分，仅起连接作用。
a. The rumor that he spread everywhere turned out to be untrue.
b. The rumor that Tom was a thief turned out to be untrue.
以上两句先行词都是the rumor，引导词都是that。但a句中的that在从句he spread everywhere中作spread的宾语。故a句中that引导的是定语从句。b句中的that在从句Tom was a thief中不作任何成分，故b句中that引导的是同位语从句，作the rumor的同位语，补充说明the rumor的具体内容。
c. The fact that we talked about is very important. （that作 talk about的宾语，定语从句）
d. The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody. （that不充当成分，同位语从句）
（2）从句的作用
定语从句相当于形容词，它对先行词起修饰、描述、限制的作用；同位语从句相当于一个名词，它是前面名词的内容的具体表述，与前面名词是同位关系。
a. The news that you heard is not true. （定语从句）
b. The news that Lincoln was murdered at a theatre is true. （同位语从句）
c. The fact which you pointed out made me interested. （定语从句）
d. The fact that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. （同位语从句）
