40 不定式作状语 Track38
40 不定式作状语 Track38
动词不定式作状语， 主要表示目的、结果和条件。
（1）作目的状语
a.Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat.
憎恨别人，就好像为了赶走一只老鼠，而把自己的房子烧掉。
b. To avoid criticism, do nothing, say nothing, be nothing.
c. To acquire knowledge, one must study; but to acquire wisdom, one must observe.
d.We had better start early to catch the train.
e.I went to the post office to mail a letter.
f.I'd climb the highest mountain, just to see you smile. I'd swim the ocean, just to hold your hand. I'd run a million miles, just to be with you forever.
我们可用in order to do或so as to do强调目的状语。
g.We had better start early so as to catch the train.
h.I went to the post office in order to mail a letter.
i.I quote others in order better to express my own self.
我引用别人的话，是为了更好地表达自己。
j.The teacher raised her voice in order for us to hear more clearly.
需要注意的是，so as to一般不用在句首，但to do或in order to do可提到句首。
（2）作结果状语
1） Only to do... 引出意想不到或不愉快的结果。 （四、六级考试重点）
a.We hurried to the railway station, only to find the train had just left.
我们匆匆忙忙赶到火车站，结果却发现火车刚刚离站。
b.Many women complain that they’re educated as equals, only to go out into the workforce to be treated as inferiors.
很多女性抱怨说，她们和男人们接受同样的教育，结果在职场上却被认为低人一等。
c.He worked very hard,_________he had not finished half of the job.
A. to find
B. finding
C. just finding
D. only to find
正确答案：D。
2） so...as to, such as to表示结果，注意不要漏掉as。
a.Her story is such as to arouse our sympathy. = Her story is so sad as to arouse our sympathy.
b.His indifference is such as to make everyone despair.
c.He is so indifferent as to make everyone despair.
d.She looks so beautiful as to attract all of us.
e.She had such a good friend as to help her when she was in trouble.
f.Her voice is such as to make everyone stare. = Her voice is so loud/bad as to make everyone stare.
3） enough...to结构
a.He is not old enough to go to school. 他还没有到上学的年龄。
b.The teacher speaks loudly enough to make himself heard clearly.
4） too...to结构
① 通常，这一结构的意思是“太……以致不能……”，形式是肯定的，意思是否定的。
a.The box is too heavy for me to even move.
这箱子太沉了，我挪不动。
b.The tea is too hot to drink.
② 在too ready/anxious/eager to do结构中，因为too不是修饰形容词ready/anxious/eager的，而是修饰整个ready/anxious/eager to do的，故此结构有“时刻准备……，急于……，非常想……”等意思，形式是肯定的，意思也是肯定的。
a.You are t oo ready to find faults with other people.
你也太爱找别人茬儿了。
b.I'm just too eager to help you. 我非常乐意帮助你。
③ too前若有only，all，but，really修饰时，此结构亦表示肯定。
a.I am only too pleased to help you.
b.He would be only too glad to be her boyfriend, but he knew he couldn't match her in family status.
他何尝不想成为她的男朋友，但他知道他的门第配不上她。
（3）作条件状语
当不定式表示条件时，句子谓语通常含有助动词或情态动词，如：will，would，shall，should，must，can，could等。
a.You would be stupid not to ask for a raise.
如果你不要求涨工资，那真是愚蠢。
这句话相当于：You would be stupid if you don't ask for a raise.
b.One must be out of his mind to do such a thing .（=...if he does such a thing）
c.I would have been happy to be invited to the party .（=...if I had been invited... But I was not invited. 这是虚拟语气。）
d.The father will be proud for his son to win the gold medal. （=...if his son wins the gold medal. 不定式带有自己的逻辑主语。）
（1）作目的状语
a.Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat.
憎恨别人，就好像为了赶走一只老鼠，而把自己的房子烧掉。
b. To avoid criticism, do nothing, say nothing, be nothing.
c. To acquire knowledge, one must study; but to acquire wisdom, one must observe.
d.We had better start early to catch the train.
e.I went to the post office to mail a letter.
f.I'd climb the highest mountain, just to see you smile. I'd swim the ocean, just to hold your hand. I'd run a million miles, just to be with you forever.
我们可用in order to do或so as to do强调目的状语。
g.We had better start early so as to catch the train.
h.I went to the post office in order to mail a letter.
i.I quote others in order better to express my own self.
我引用别人的话，是为了更好地表达自己。
j.The teacher raised her voice in order for us to hear more clearly.
需要注意的是，so as to一般不用在句首，但to do或in order to do可提到句首。
（2）作结果状语
1） Only to do... 引出意想不到或不愉快的结果。 （四、六级考试重点）
a.We hurried to the railway station, only to find the train had just left.
我们匆匆忙忙赶到火车站，结果却发现火车刚刚离站。
b.Many women complain that they’re educated as equals, only to go out into the workforce to be treated as inferiors.
很多女性抱怨说，她们和男人们接受同样的教育，结果在职场上却被认为低人一等。
c.He worked very hard,_________he had not finished half of the job.
A. to find
B. finding
C. just finding
D. only to find
正确答案：D。
2） so...as to, such as to表示结果，注意不要漏掉as。
a.Her story is such as to arouse our sympathy. = Her story is so sad as to arouse our sympathy.
b.His indifference is such as to make everyone despair.
c.He is so indifferent as to make everyone despair.
d.She looks so beautiful as to attract all of us.
e.She had such a good friend as to help her when she was in trouble.
f.Her voice is such as to make everyone stare. = Her voice is so loud/bad as to make everyone stare.
3） enough...to结构
a.He is not old enough to go to school. 他还没有到上学的年龄。
b.The teacher speaks loudly enough to make himself heard clearly.
4） too...to结构
① 通常，这一结构的意思是“太……以致不能……”，形式是肯定的，意思是否定的。
a.The box is too heavy for me to even move.
这箱子太沉了，我挪不动。
b.The tea is too hot to drink.
② 在too ready/anxious/eager to do结构中，因为too不是修饰形容词ready/anxious/eager的，而是修饰整个ready/anxious/eager to do的，故此结构有“时刻准备……，急于……，非常想……”等意思，形式是肯定的，意思也是肯定的。
a.You are t oo ready to find faults with other people.
你也太爱找别人茬儿了。
b.I'm just too eager to help you. 我非常乐意帮助你。
③ too前若有only，all，but，really修饰时，此结构亦表示肯定。
a.I am only too pleased to help you.
b.He would be only too glad to be her boyfriend, but he knew he couldn't match her in family status.
他何尝不想成为她的男朋友，但他知道他的门第配不上她。
（3）作条件状语
当不定式表示条件时，句子谓语通常含有助动词或情态动词，如：will，would，shall，should，must，can，could等。
a.You would be stupid not to ask for a raise.
如果你不要求涨工资，那真是愚蠢。
这句话相当于：You would be stupid if you don't ask for a raise.
b.One must be out of his mind to do such a thing .（=...if he does such a thing）
c.I would have been happy to be invited to the party .（=...if I had been invited... But I was not invited. 这是虚拟语气。）
d.The father will be proud for his son to win the gold medal. （=...if his son wins the gold medal. 不定式带有自己的逻辑主语。）
