69 其他虚拟语气句型 Track67
69 其他虚拟语气句型 Track67
在英文中，除了上述两大类虚拟语气句以外，还有其他一些句型表示虚拟语气。它们无法列入前两节提到的任何一类，所以在此将它们一一单列，分别讨论。
（1）在wish后的宾语从句中
这是大家非常熟悉的一种虚拟语气句型，它用来表示说话者难以实现的或与事实相反的愿望，具有较强的感情色彩。可分别表示对现在、过去和将来情景的虚拟。
1）对现状表示的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去时，意指从句谓语和主句谓语所表示的动作同时发生。
a.I wish I were a little younger.
b.I wish I could travel to the moon. (But I can't do that.)
c.I wish I knew his address. (But I don't know his address.)
d.Whenever something goes wrong, I just push this little reset button and restart. I wish my whole life were like that!
e.Sometimes I wish I_________in a different time and a different place.
A. be living
B. were living
C. would live
D. would have lived
正确答案：B。
2）对过去发生的事情表示遗憾、后悔，从句谓语动词用过去完成时（had done）或would/could +现在完成时（have done），意指从句谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语所表示的动作之前。
a.I wish I had been there.
b.I wish I had not attended that party.
c.I wish I_________with you to the concert last night.
A. could have gone
B. went
C. could go
D. have gone
正确答案：A。
3）对将来发生的事情表示祝愿、期许等，从句谓语动词用would/could + 动词原形，意指从句谓语动词所表示的动作可能发生在主句谓语所表示的动作之后。
a.I wish he could explain what he means.
b.I wish you would shut up .
注意：即使将wish改为wished，上述例句虚拟语气句中的谓语时态仍然不变。
（2）在If only感叹句中
If only表示“但愿”、“要是……就好了”，它的用法和wish基本相同，可以表示对现在、过去、将来的虚拟，只是比wish的感情色彩更强烈。
a.If only he had followed your advice!（对过去虚拟）
b.If only I were taller.（对现在虚拟）
c.If only the rain would stop .（对将来虚拟）
d.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I_________your advice.
A. follow
B. had followed
C. would follow
D. have followed
正确答案：B。
（3）在as if/as though从句中
1）表示和现在事实相反或对现在的情况有所怀疑，谓语用一般过去时。
I really don't care for the way you’re speaking to me. It seems as if you were my father.
2）表示与过去事实相反，谓语用过去完成时。
We have not seen each other for ten solid years, but when we encountered on the street that day, we were still so affectionate that it seemed as if not a single day had gone by .
注意：若从句中的情形是根据现在迹象做出推测，有可能发生，则用陈述语气。
a.It is becoming dark. It looks as if it's going to rain.
b.It seems as if he has been to America.
（4）在It is (high) time (that) 从句中
表示“该是……的时候了”，含有“晚了一点”的意思，从句中用一般过去时。
a.Don't dawdle away your youth any more. It is time you thought about your future.
b.It seems to be high time that this argument_________put to an end.
A. must be
B. is
C. were
D. should be
正确答案：C。
c."You are very selfish. It's high time you_________that you are not the most important person in the world," Edgar said to his boss angrily.
A. realized
B. have realized
C. realize
D. should realize
正确答案：A。
在下列对话中体会这种“晚了一点”的含义。
d.Man: The school had the football field redone over the summer.
Woman: It's about time.
Q：What does the woman imply?
A. Summer is a good time for repairs.
B. The field had been in poor shape.
C. It's too hot to play football in the summer.
D. The work on the football field is almost finished.
正确答案：B。
e.A: Let's get this desk in order.
B: Yes, it's about time we cleared it off .
Q: What can be inferred about the desk?
A. It isn't placed right.
B. There isn't enough time to clear it off.
C. A new desk has been ordered to replace it.
D. It has needed reorganizing for quite a while.
正确答案：D。
（5）在would rather, would (just) as soon, would sooner, would prefer等从句中
意指“某人宁愿让另一个人做某事”。其后的宾语从句的谓语应该用虚拟语气：表示现在或将来要做的事，从句谓语必须用一般过去时；表示过去已经做的事，从句谓语则用过去完成时。
a.I'd just as soon you didn't speak rudely to her.
b.I'd as soon you hadn't spoken rudely to her.
c.Don't come tomorrow. I'd rather you came next weekend.（不用would come）
d.She says she'd rather he left tomorrow instead of today.（不用would leave）
e.You don't have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you_________on business first.
A. would go
B. will go
C. went
D. have gone
正确答案：C。
f.Wouldn't you rather your child_________to bed early?
A. go
B. went
C. would go
D. goes
正确答案：B。
需要提醒读者注意的是would rather, would (just) as soon等若不是接宾语从句，而是直接和动词连用，则要用动词原形，表示主语本身“宁愿要做某事”。
g.I would rather go there tomorrow.
h.He would rather stay indoors than go to the cinema tonight.
i.He would rather not stay at home tonight.（否定要在动词前面加not，而不是在would后面加not）
（1）在wish后的宾语从句中
这是大家非常熟悉的一种虚拟语气句型，它用来表示说话者难以实现的或与事实相反的愿望，具有较强的感情色彩。可分别表示对现在、过去和将来情景的虚拟。
1）对现状表示的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去时，意指从句谓语和主句谓语所表示的动作同时发生。
a.I wish I were a little younger.
b.I wish I could travel to the moon. (But I can't do that.)
c.I wish I knew his address. (But I don't know his address.)
d.Whenever something goes wrong, I just push this little reset button and restart. I wish my whole life were like that!
e.Sometimes I wish I_________in a different time and a different place.
A. be living
B. were living
C. would live
D. would have lived
正确答案：B。
2）对过去发生的事情表示遗憾、后悔，从句谓语动词用过去完成时（had done）或would/could +现在完成时（have done），意指从句谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语所表示的动作之前。
a.I wish I had been there.
b.I wish I had not attended that party.
c.I wish I_________with you to the concert last night.
A. could have gone
B. went
C. could go
D. have gone
正确答案：A。
3）对将来发生的事情表示祝愿、期许等，从句谓语动词用would/could + 动词原形，意指从句谓语动词所表示的动作可能发生在主句谓语所表示的动作之后。
a.I wish he could explain what he means.
b.I wish you would shut up .
注意：即使将wish改为wished，上述例句虚拟语气句中的谓语时态仍然不变。
（2）在If only感叹句中
If only表示“但愿”、“要是……就好了”，它的用法和wish基本相同，可以表示对现在、过去、将来的虚拟，只是比wish的感情色彩更强烈。
a.If only he had followed your advice!（对过去虚拟）
b.If only I were taller.（对现在虚拟）
c.If only the rain would stop .（对将来虚拟）
d.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I_________your advice.
A. follow
B. had followed
C. would follow
D. have followed
正确答案：B。
（3）在as if/as though从句中
1）表示和现在事实相反或对现在的情况有所怀疑，谓语用一般过去时。
I really don't care for the way you’re speaking to me. It seems as if you were my father.
2）表示与过去事实相反，谓语用过去完成时。
We have not seen each other for ten solid years, but when we encountered on the street that day, we were still so affectionate that it seemed as if not a single day had gone by .
注意：若从句中的情形是根据现在迹象做出推测，有可能发生，则用陈述语气。
a.It is becoming dark. It looks as if it's going to rain.
b.It seems as if he has been to America.
（4）在It is (high) time (that) 从句中
表示“该是……的时候了”，含有“晚了一点”的意思，从句中用一般过去时。
a.Don't dawdle away your youth any more. It is time you thought about your future.
b.It seems to be high time that this argument_________put to an end.
A. must be
B. is
C. were
D. should be
正确答案：C。
c."You are very selfish. It's high time you_________that you are not the most important person in the world," Edgar said to his boss angrily.
A. realized
B. have realized
C. realize
D. should realize
正确答案：A。
在下列对话中体会这种“晚了一点”的含义。
d.Man: The school had the football field redone over the summer.
Woman: It's about time.
Q：What does the woman imply?
A. Summer is a good time for repairs.
B. The field had been in poor shape.
C. It's too hot to play football in the summer.
D. The work on the football field is almost finished.
正确答案：B。
e.A: Let's get this desk in order.
B: Yes, it's about time we cleared it off .
Q: What can be inferred about the desk?
A. It isn't placed right.
B. There isn't enough time to clear it off.
C. A new desk has been ordered to replace it.
D. It has needed reorganizing for quite a while.
正确答案：D。
（5）在would rather, would (just) as soon, would sooner, would prefer等从句中
意指“某人宁愿让另一个人做某事”。其后的宾语从句的谓语应该用虚拟语气：表示现在或将来要做的事，从句谓语必须用一般过去时；表示过去已经做的事，从句谓语则用过去完成时。
a.I'd just as soon you didn't speak rudely to her.
b.I'd as soon you hadn't spoken rudely to her.
c.Don't come tomorrow. I'd rather you came next weekend.（不用would come）
d.She says she'd rather he left tomorrow instead of today.（不用would leave）
e.You don't have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you_________on business first.
A. would go
B. will go
C. went
D. have gone
正确答案：C。
f.Wouldn't you rather your child_________to bed early?
A. go
B. went
C. would go
D. goes
正确答案：B。
需要提醒读者注意的是would rather, would (just) as soon等若不是接宾语从句，而是直接和动词连用，则要用动词原形，表示主语本身“宁愿要做某事”。
g.I would rather go there tomorrow.
h.He would rather stay indoors than go to the cinema tonight.
i.He would rather not stay at home tonight.（否定要在动词前面加not，而不是在would后面加not）
