6. 增/减百分比的口译

6. 增/减百分比的口译

“增/减了百分之几”英语和汉语的含义一致，都表示净增或净减百分数。英汉增/减百分数的表示法有以下几种：

1) 增/减了……%

increase/rise/grow…%

decrease/drop/fall/sink …%

或者

increase/rise/grow/go up by …%

decrease/drop/fall/go down by …%

例如：

Between 1986 and 1987, Nike's sales dropped 18 percent and profits sank by more than

40 percent as a result of competition with Reebok.

与“锐步”鞋业竞争的结果，从1986到1987年， 耐克（鞋）的销售额下降了18%，利润下降了40%多。

(1) By putting out more than one new shoe style everyday on average, in 1995 and 1996,

Nike's sales and profits grew 71 percent and 80 percent respectively；meanwhile, Nike's closest rival Reebok grew just nine percent in the same period.

靠平均每天推出一个以上新（鞋）款式，1995到1996，耐克的销售额和利润分别上涨了71%和80%。而同期最接近耐克的竞争对手锐步只上涨了9%。

(3) Procter & Gamble just raised prices on its paper products by as much as 8%.

(美国) 普罗科特—甘布尔公司刚刚把他们的纸制品价格提高了8%。

(4) Spending on non-durables-----everything from soap flakes to razors to tennis shoes-----rose 30% last year.

去年非耐用品，从皂片、剃须刀到网球鞋的消费上升了30%。

(5) In the fiscal year of 2000, ending on March 30, export slumped 11.3 percent in Taiwan, 10 percent in Thailand, 9.9 percent in South Korea and 2.4 percent in Hong Kong. However, the Chinese mainland posted a respectable 7.5 percent rate in the first quarter.

在3月30日刚刚结束的2000财政年度，台湾的出口猛跌了11.3%，泰国10%、南韩9.9%、香港2.4%。然而，中国大陆却公布了第一季度7.5%的可观增长。

(6) In America, the number of people engaged in farming as their principle of occupation fell to 961,560 in 1997, down 8.7 percent from 1992, while the number between (the age of) 25 to 34 fell 28 percent.

在美国以农业为主要职业的人数1997下降到961，560人，比1992下降了8.7%，而年龄在25到34岁的人数下降了28%。

2) 与……相比，增/减了……%

increase/rise/grow /go up by …% (as) compared with /as against / as opposed to / over…

decrease/drop/fall/go down by …% (as) compared with /as against / as opposed to /over…

例如:

(1) 1999年，普通高校招生规模比上年扩大了47.4%。

University and college enrollment in 1999 increased by 47.4 percent over the previous year.

(2) 同1997年相比，1998年工业排污减少了11.6%；家庭排污增加了2.6%。

Compared with 1997, the discharge of industrial wastewater dropped by 11.6 percent, while that of domestic sewage rose by 2.6 percent in 1998.

(3) 因受亚洲金融危机的冲击，1998年中国进出口总额比上年下降0.4%，其中进口总额下降1.5%；出口总额增长0.5%。

As a result of Asian financial crises, China’s total volume of import and export in 1998 dropped by 0.4 percent over the previous year, of which the volume of import went down by 1.5 percent, and the value of export went up by 0.5 percent.

3) 增/减率

be …% increase/ rise /growth…

be …% decrease/drop /decline…

an increase / a rise / a growth rate of …%

a decrease / drop / decline of …%

be …% up /down …

be up / down…%

例如：

1999年，中国外贸出口达1949亿美元，比上年增长6.1%。

China’s total exports reached US$194.9 billion in 1999, a rise of 6.1 percent over the previous year.

1998年，中国全年海外游客入境人数6348万人次，比上年增长10.2%, 国际旅游收入达126亿美元, 增长4.4%。

In 1998, China received 63.48 million tourists from overseas, up by 10.2 percent. Income of foreign exchange from tourism reached 12.6 million US dollars, up 4.4 percent.

4) 增/减具体数字的英译也可用 “by” +具体数字来表示

例如：

我国水土流失面积每年以10,000平方公里的速度在扩大。目前，水土流失面积已达367万平方公里,占总土地面积将近38%。

The area of soil erosion in China has been increasing by 10,000 square km. annually to 3.67 million square km. at present, accounting for nearly 38 percent of the total land area.

由于低温多雨的影响, 我国夏粮减产1460万吨。

China's output of summer grain declined by 14.6 million tons due to low temperature and rainy days during the growing period.

汉语增/减百分数的英译还有一些其它表示法，但不管用什么方法，英语的增/减百分数都是净增/减数。

实践是训练数字互译的根本途径。口译教学要集中一段时间专门进行数字口译训练。译员只有经过大量反复的数字口译实践才能掌握英汉数字互译的不同特点和规律，达到数字互译脱口而出，快速、准确的程度。