如何从一名普通快递员到身家亿万的富翁

从“黑户公司”到中国最大的快递品牌，从广东小城到全中国，甚至走向世界，从一名普通快递员到身家亿万的富翁，顺丰有着什么样的故事？

90年代时，中国只有邮局可以提供运送包裹的服务，顺丰只是一个尚不合法的“小透明”。

据英国《独立报》（The Independent）报道：

It's a stark reversal for a company that got its start in what Wang has called the sneaky business of “black delivery,” back in the '90s when only China's post office was allowed to handle packages.The courier company he created navigated the shadows of the border between China and Hong Kong for 16 years until the government gave its sanction.

从一个王卫称之为偷偷摸摸的“黑快递”到如今的顺丰速运，这家公司真是经历了翻天覆地的变化。回望90年代，当时中国只允许邮局运送包裹。在得到政府的批准之前，王卫创立的这家快递公司在中国和香港边界的“灰色地带”运作了16年。

“When S.F.started delivering packages in the 1990s, it was still an illegal business called ‘black delivery,” Wang said in a Q&A in 2011 with the official People's Daily, the only interview he is known to have granted.“According to the regulations then, we would be fined if our operations were caught by postal officers, so we had to handle packages sneakily.”

在2011年接受官媒《人民日报》采访时，王卫表示：“1990年代，顺丰刚开始送快递时，它还是一家非法企业，称之为‘黑快递’。”这是唯一一次王卫接受的采访。“根据当时的规定，如果我们被邮政官员抓到，我们就得交罚款。所以我们当时不得不偷偷摸摸地送包裹。”

Photo Credit：The official site of SF Express

当年的黑快递如今成为中国规模最大的快递公司。

据英国《独立报》报道：

Now the courier operates a fleet of 36 cargo aircraft and about 15,000 vehicles.It reported revenue of 48.1 billion yuan in 2015, the highest among its domestic peers, according to its listing prospectus.It intends to build a cargo airport in the central Chinese province of Hubei, the prospectus said.

如今该快递公司拥有36架送货飞机以及约15000辆快递车。据其上市计划书显示，2015年，该公司收入总额481亿元，领跑国内快递行业。公司计划在中国中部省份湖北建立一个货运机场。

Photo Credit：The official site of SF Express

早在去年五月，顺丰就做好了“借壳上市”的准备。

据美国彭博新闻社（The Bloomberg）报道：

S.F.Express, one of China's largest delivery companies, is seeking a listing in the domestic market through a reverse merger, the latest of several logistics companies to use the tactic to sell shares to the public.

Shareholders of its parent S.F.Holding Group Co.plan to buy Maanshan Dingtai Rare Earth & New Material Co.through a share swap and use it as a shell company to list the company.The deal would value S.F.Holding at an estimated 43.3 billion yuan （$6.6 billion）, according to a statement on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.

顺丰速运是中国最大的快递公司之一，准备通过反向并购在国内市场上市，成为最新一家通过这个手段向公众发行股票的快递公司。顺丰控股集团的股东们预计通过换股的方式收购马鞍山鼎泰稀土新材料股份公司（Maanshan Dingtai Rare Earth & New Material Co.），并利用该公司作为“壳”借壳上市。从深交所的一则声明来看，这笔买卖估值约433亿元（相当于66亿美元）。

S.F.is the largest private express logistics company in China, according to the state-run China Daily newspaper, with a valuation more than the combined size of smaller rivals pursuing a similar backdoor listing.The strategy is an alternative way to gain market access that can be less bureaucratically cumbersome than the more common initial public offering.Chinese couriers YTO Express and STO Express are still awaiting regulatory approval, according to stock exchange statements.

据国有媒体《中国日报》报道，顺丰是中国最大的私营快递物流公司，其估值比几家同样准备“借壳上市”的规模较小的对手公司估值之和还要多。这种上市手段是另外一种进入市场的手段，相对于正常渠道的首次公开发行（IPO），受到的官方阻力较小。交易所的声明中显示，中国的快递公司圆通公司（YTO）和申通公司（STO）仍然在等待批准。

据英国《金融时报》：顺丰上周五成功上市之后，公司董事长王卫成为中国第三富豪，手握深交所市值最高的公司。

The founder of a Chinese courier group whose company went public on Friday is now worth $27.5bn, making him the country's third-richest man.

上周五上市的一家中国快递集团的创始人的身家如今达到275亿美元，使其成为中国第三大富豪。

Wang Wei, chairman, saw his paper worth rocket after reversing SF Express— one of a clutch of domestic logistics companies that has ballooned on the back of China's ecommerce sector—into a shell company on the Shenzhen stock market.

在顺丰速运（SF Express）——在中国电子商务板块支撑下蓬勃发展的众多物流公司之一——借壳登陆深股市场后，其董事长王卫的身家飙升。

He now presides over the most valuable company on the Shenzhen exchange, which is a magnet for technology listings.Maanshan Dingtai Rare Earth & New Material Co—to use its name until last Thursday—is valued at Rmb292.9bn （$42.6bn）, or roughly the same as US internet group Yahoo.

他如今执掌着科技股云集的深交所市值最高的公司。直到上周四一直被称为马鞍山鼎泰稀土新材料股份公司（Maanshan Dingtai Rare Earth & New Material Co）的该上市公司，如今市值达到2929亿元人民币（合426亿美元），与美国互联网集团雅虎（Yahoo）的市值相差无几。

The listing pushes Mr Wang ahead of Pony Ma, Tencent's chief executive, on the country's rich list.He trails only Alibaba founder Jack Ma and Wang Jianlin, who heads the acquisitive conglomerate Dalian Wanda, according to Bloomberg data.

此次上市使得王卫在中国富豪榜上的排名超过了腾讯（Tencent）首席执行官马化腾（Pony Ma）。彭博（Bloomberg）数据显示，如今他仅落后于阿里巴巴（Alibaba）创始人马云（Jack Ma）和收购意识较强的综合企业大连万达（Dalian Wanda）的掌门人王健林。

The combination of ready money and a tight free float means SF Express is the most valuable stock on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, which attracts “new economy” and tech stocks.

资金充足以及流通股紧张的双重影响，使得顺丰速运成了深交所（吸引着“新经济”和科技股）市值最高的股票。

金融小知识

What is backdoor listing？

According to Investopedia, backdoor listing is a strategy of going public used by a company that fails to meet the criteria for listing on a stock exchange.To get onto the exchange, the company desiring to go public acquires an already listed company.

backdoor listing在中文中通常称作“借壳上市”，如果一家公司未能达到交易所的硬指标要求，那么可以利用“借壳上市”作为一种手段来达到上市的目的。操作方法通常是并购一家已经上市的公司。

词汇总结

sneaky['sniːkɪ]

adj.鬼鬼祟祟的；暗中的，卑鄙的

It's a stark reversal for a company that got its start in what Wang has called the sneaky business of “black delivery”.

从一个王卫称之为偷偷摸摸的“黑快递”到如今的顺丰速运，这家公司真是经历了翻天覆地的变化。

cargo['kɑːgəʊ]

n.货物，船货

It intends to build a cargo airport in the central Chinese province of Hubei.

公司计划在中国中部省份湖北建立一个货运机场。

a clutch of 一批；一群

logistics[lə'dʒɪstɪks]

n.[军]后勤；物流

balloon[bə'luːn]

v.激增；膨胀如气球

Wang Wei, chairman, saw his paper worth rocket after reversing SF Express— one of a clutch of domestic logistics companies that has ballooned on the back of China's ecommerce sector—into a shell company on the Shenzhen stock market.

在顺丰速运（SF Express）——在中国电子商务板块支撑下蓬勃发展的众多物流公司之一——借壳登陆深股市场后，其董事长王卫的身家飙升。

trail[treɪl]

v.追踪；拖；蔓延；落后于

He trails only Alibaba founder Jack Ma and Wang Jianlin, who heads the acquisitive conglomerate Dalian Wanda, according to Bloomberg data.

彭博（Bloomberg）数据显示，如今他仅落后于阿里巴巴（Alibaba）创始人马云（Jack Ma）和收购意识较强的综合企业大连万达（Dalian Wanda）的掌门人王健林。