伊拉克离婚率上升，都是电视惹的祸？

04 伊拉克离婚率上升，都是电视惹的祸？

伊拉克离婚率近些年来节节攀升。据分析，引起伊拉克离婚率升高的原因，除了宗教和经济因素以外，还有一个令人意外的原因——电视节目。

伊拉克的离婚率近年来一直稳步上升。人民网报道，伊拉克司法部新闻办公室日前发布报告称，2003年到2013年的10年时间里，离婚的案件有51.3万件，占同期结婚的20%，仅去年1月份，结婚夫妇有20809人，而离婚的就多达5519人，约占结婚人数的四分之一。在人们心目中，伊斯兰世界向来是保守的代名词，因而伊拉克反常的离婚率引起了关注。

《经济学人》最近就伊拉克离婚率攀高这一问题进行了深入的分析。他们认为，更严苛的教法和低迷的经济形势都是引起离婚率上升的主要原因。但除此之外，还有一个不可忽视的重要原因，那就是电视节目的影响。

More recently, the rise of Islamic State has deepened sectarian divisions, which may have led to the break-up of some of the country's many Sunni-Shia marriages.Poverty, too, plays a role.“A large number of divorces these days are men dropping their wives because they are not in a financial position to bear the burden of looking after a family,” Bassam al Darraji, a Baghdad-based sociologist, told a Gulf newspaper.

最近，伊斯兰国的崛起加深了教派间的隔阂，使得一些建立在逊尼派穆斯林和什叶派穆斯林之间的婚姻破裂。贫穷也在其中起了作用。“如今很多离婚都是由于男人经济上无法承担供养全家的重担而甩了妻子。”巴格达的社会学家Bassam al Darraji告诉一家海湾国家报纸。

Another factor, some sociologists argue, is Turkish soap operas, which are very popular and often depict men treating their wives romantically.They also portray women who dump bad husbands positively, not as wicked harlots.All this may be giving Iraqi women ideas.Two-thirds of divorces are initiated by women.

而据一些社会学家称，另一个因素，是土耳其肥皂剧。土耳其肥皂剧在伊拉克非常流行，在肥皂剧中，男人在对待妻子时总是十分浪漫。土耳其肥皂剧中也塑造了一些甩掉坏丈夫的正面女性形象，而非把她们视作邪恶的妓女。这一切都可能让伊拉克妇女有了想法。三分之二的离婚是由女方提出的。

另据美国媒体Al Monitor报道，电视节目带给伊拉克女性的影响不止于此。

In addition to rising divorce rates, Inssam, the owner of a gym, said she had noticed an increase in the number of women working out at the gym recently, a trend which she attributed to the influx of Western TV programs into the country after 2003.

除了攀升的离婚率，一家健身房的老板Inssam称，她注意到最近来健身房锻炼的女性正在增多，她认为这是2003年以来进入伊拉克的西方电视节目带来的影响。

无独有偶，据英国《电讯报》报道，巴西的一项报告也曾经将国内离婚率升高的矛头指向电视节目：

“We find that exposure to modern lifestyles as portrayed on television, to emancipated women's roles, and to a critique of traditional values, was associated with increases in the share of separated and divorced woman across Brazil's municipal areas,”the report's authors said.What is more, they added,“Women living in areas covered by the Globo signal have significantly lower fertility.”

“电视上呈现了现代生活方式、解放的女性角色，以及对传统价值观的批判。我们发现巴西都市地区分居和离异女性比例的上升与接触这些电视节目是有关的。”报告的作者称。此外，他们还表示，“居住在环球电视网信号覆盖地区的女性的生育率明显更低。”

If the leading female character of a telenovela was divorced or separated, the divorce rate rose, by an average of 0.1 percentage point, Alberto Chong, one of the study's authors, said.At the same time, women in areas reached by the Globo signal had 0.6 per cent fewer children than those in areas with no signal, he added-an apparently small impact, but equating to millions fewer babies born over two decades.

如果一部电视剧中的女主角离婚或分居，离婚率就会平均升高0.1%，研究者之一Alberto Chong称。同时，环球电视网信号覆盖地区的女性相比无信号覆盖地区的女性生育的子女要少0.6%，他补充道。尽管差距看起来十分微小，但却导致过去二十年的新生婴儿减少了上百万。

词汇总结

sectarian [sek'teərɪən]

adj.宗派的；偏狭的；党派心强的

n.属于宗派的人；宗派心强的人；宗派主义者

More recently, the rise of Islamic State has deepened sectarian divisions, which may have led to the break-up of some of the country's many Sunni-Shia marriages.

最近，伊斯兰国的崛起加深了教派间的隔阂，使得一些建立在逊尼派穆斯林和什叶派穆斯林之间的婚姻破裂。

harlot ['hɑːlət]

n.娼妓

They also portray women who dump bad husbands positively, not as wicked harlots.

emancipate [ɪ'mænsɪpeɪt]

vt.解放；释放

be associated with 与…有关系；与…相联系

We find that exposure to modern lifestyles as portrayed on television, to emancipated women's roles, and to a critique of traditional values, was associated with increases in the share of separated and divorced woman across Brazil's municipal areas.

电视上呈现了现代生活方式、解放的女性角色，以及对传统价值观的批判。我们发现巴西都市地区分居和离异女性比例的上升与接触这些电视节目是有关的。

telenovela 浪漫电视肥皂剧

If the leading female character of a telenovela was divorced or separated, the divorce rate rose, by an average of 0.1 percentage point.

如果一部电视剧中的女主角离婚或分居，离婚率就会平均升高0.1%。