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> 英语语法 > 一定要学会的30个语法点 >  第23篇

小学30个语法点 Unit 23 现在完成时

所属教程:一定要学会的30个语法点

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2022年04月23日

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现在完成时表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可以表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。常与already,just,before,ever,never,yet,for two years,since 2000,so far,recently等时间状语连用。

过去分词的构成

1.一般动词在词尾+ed

work–worked

look–looked

2.以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,在词尾+d

close–closed

arrive–arrived

3.以“辅音字母+y ”结尾的动词,变y 为i +ed

carry–carried

hurry–hurried

4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词,词尾只有一个辅音字母,双写结尾字母+ed

nod–nodded

stop–stopped

5.不规则变化随时记

am/is/are–been

write–written

cut–cut

go–gone

现在完成时的用法

现在完成时的形式:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词

1.表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与already,just,ever,never,yet等连用。

I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成作业了。

He has just had lunch. 他刚刚吃完午饭。

2.表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态,常与since,for等连用。

We have lived here since two years ago. 我们两年前就一直住在这里。

They have learned English for three years. 他们学英语三年了。

She has been in Hainan for seven days. 她在海南待了七天了。

现在完成时注意事项

1.表示动作从过去开始持续到现在用for +时间段,since +点时间,这时句中的动词必须是延续性动词。对for ,since 提问用how long 。现在完成时不能与when 引导的疑问句连用。

2.have been to 去过

I have been to Beijing twice. 我去过北京两次。

have gone to 去了

He has gone to New York. 他去纽约了。

have been in 待在

I have been in Changchun for 10 years. 我在长春待了10年了。

 现在完成时的用法

学习现在完成时,谓语结构要牢记;

“have/has+过去分词”。

主要用法有两个:

过去的动作,对现在的影响,just,already常用着。

过去的动作或状态,一直持续到现在,for,since把时间带。

一、填空。

A.用already或yet填空。

1.—Have they taken down the old pictures?

—No, not _________.

2.Most of us have finished our homework _________.

3.He hasn't visited the Great Wall ________.

B.用have gone或have been填空。

1.—Where are the boy students?

—They _______ to the school factory.

2.—Is your father in? No, he _______ to Shenzhen.

________ he ever __________ there before?

—Yes, he _______ there several times.

3.He _______ to Hangzhou before. But I ________ never ________ to that city before.

二、写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词。

1.go _________ _________

2.play _________ _________

3.put _________ _________

4.dance   _________   _________

5.work _________ _________

三、选择正确的答案。

1.His father __________ in 1991.

A.was dead

B.died

C.has died

D.dead

2.Lily __________London for five years.

A.has come to

B.has been to

C.has been in

D.came to

3.I have taught in the school __________ ten years ago.

A./

B.about

C.for

D.since

4.Mr. Smith __________ here since the factory opened.

A.has gone

B.has come

C.has been

D.has arrived

5.—Where has he gone?

—He __________ to America.

A.has gone

B.has been

C.went

D.goes

一、A.1.yet 2.already 3.yet

B.1.have gone 2.has gone; Has, been; has been 3.has been; have, been

二、1.went, gone

2.played, played

3.put, put

4.danced, danced

5.worked, worked

三、1.B

2.C

3.D

4.C

5.A

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