演讲MP3+双语文稿:为什么孩子需要了解性别和性取向
听力课堂TED音频栏目主要包括TED演讲的音频MP3及中英双语文稿，供各位英语爱好者学习使用。本文主要内容为演讲MP3+双语文稿:为什么孩子需要了解性别和性取向，希望你会喜欢！
【演讲人及介绍】Lindsay Amer
数字创作者 Lindsay Amer为孩子和家庭创建LGBTQ +和社会正义媒体。
【演讲主题】为什么孩子需要了解性别和性取向
【演讲文稿-中英文】
翻译 Lilian Chiu 校对 Carol Wang
00:00
Alright, let's get this kicked off.
好，咱们开始吧。
00:03
(Music)
（音乐）
00:05
(Singing) It's OK to be gay. We aredifferent in many ways. Doesn't matter if you're a boy, girl or somewhere inbetween, we all are part of one big family. Gay means "happy." QueerKid Stuff. You are enough here at Queer Kid Stuff.
（唱歌）身为同性恋没有关系，我们在许多方面都有所不同。不论你是男孩、女孩，或两者之间，都无所谓，我们都是大家庭的一份子。Gay（同性恋）也代表“快乐”。《酷儿孩子网络剧》。在《酷儿孩子网络剧》，你很够格了。
00:34
(Applause)
（掌声）
00:41
Opening a performance with lyrics like"It's OK to be gay" for a roomful of adults is one thing, but it'sentirely different for a roomful of kindergartners. What you've just heard isthe theme song for my web series "Queer Kid Stuff," where I makeLGBTQ+ and social justice videos for all ages. And when I say all ages, I meanliteral babies to your great-great-grandma.
在一间满是成人的房间中表演，以“身为同性恋没有关系”的歌词开场是一回事；但在满是幼儿园小朋友的房间中又完全是另一回事了。你们刚刚听到的是我的《酷儿孩子网络剧》的主题曲，这个网络剧是我针对各年龄层制作的 LGBTQ+ 及社会正义影片。我说的各年龄层，真的是从婴儿一直到曾曾祖母。
01:07
Now, I know what you're thinking:"Whoa, they're talking about gay stuff with kids." But talking tokids about gay stuff is actually crucial. The American Academy of Pediatricshas found that children have a solid understanding of their gender identity bythe age of four. This is when children are developing their sense of self.They're observing the world around them, absorbing that information andinternalizing it. Now, most parents want their children to become kind,empathetic, self-confident adults, and exposure to diversity is an importantpart of that social and emotional development. And -- gender nonconforming kidsand trans kids and kids with trans and nonbinary and queer parents areeverywhere.
我知道你们在想什么：“哇，他们在跟孩子谈同性恋的题材。”但，跟孩子谈同性恋的题材其实很重要。美国儿科学会发现，孩子在四岁时就会清楚了解自己的性别认同。这个时期就是孩子发展出自我感的时期。他们会观察周遭的世界，吸收那些信息，并将之内化。大部分的父母都希望自己的孩子长大成人后能变得仁慈、有同理心、自信，而接触多样性对其社会发展和情绪发展而言十分重要。而且非常规性别的孩子、变性的孩子，以及父母是变性、非二元、酷儿的孩子比比皆是。
02:00
In the series, my stuffed bear cohost and Italk about the LGBT community, activism, gender and pronouns, consent and bodypositivity. We tackle these topics through songs, not unlike the one you justheard, simple definitions and metaphors. We approach these ideas, to steal aphrase from an old professor of mine, from "under the doorknob" --getting down to toddler height and looking up at the great big world throughtheir tiny little eyes, taking these seemingly complex ideas and simplifyingthem -- not dumbing them down, but homing in on the core concept. Gender isabout how we feel and how we express ourselves. Sexuality is about love andgender and family, not about sex. And these are all ideas children can grasp.In one of my earliest episodes about gender, I used the idea of pronouns tounderscore the definition and introduce gender-neutral pronouns like"they" and "them." I encourage children to think about theirown pronouns and to ask others for theirs. In later episodes, I build on thisfoundation and introduce big fancy words like "nonbinary" and"transgender." I get emails from viewers in their 20s who use myvideos to explain nonbinary gender to their grandparents.
在剧中，我的玩具熊搭挡和我会谈论 LGBT 族群、 LGBT 行动主义、性别以及代名词、同意和身体自爱。我们透过歌曲来处理这些主题，就像你们刚才听到的那首歌，有简单的定义和比喻。我们处理这些想法的方式，可借用我的一位老教授的说法，来自《门把之下》——降到学步儿童的身高，透过他们小小的眼睛，向上看向广大的世界，简化这些看似复杂的想法——不是变通俗，而是瞄准核心概念。性别的重点是我们对自己的感受和如何表现自己。性向的重点则是爱、性别和家庭，而不是性爱。这些都是孩子能够理解的想法。在我最早期针对性别所制做的其中一集里，我用到了代名词的想法，来强调定义，并介绍中性的代名词，如“他们”（英文不分性别）。我鼓励孩子们去想想他们自己的代名词，并问问其他人的代名词。后来的几集就是继续发展这个基础，并介绍很炫的字词，像是“非二元”及“变性”。有些二十多岁的观众写信给我，他们用我的影片来向他们的祖父母解释非二元性别。
03:20
But, I get one comment over and over again:"Let kids be kids."
但，我总是不断得到这种意见：“让孩子当孩子吧。”
03:30
Well, that's a nice sentiment and all, butonly if it actually includes all kids. Just a few weeks ago, a 15-year-old inHuntsville, Alabama died by suicide after being bullied for being gay. In 2018,it was a seven-year-old in Denver, Colorado. There have been and will be manymore. Lesbian, gay and bisexual teens are more than three times more likely toattempt suicide than their heterosexual peers, and transgender teens are almostsix times more likely. According to one study, roughly one third of homelessyouth identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual or questioning, and about four percentof homeless youth identify as transgender, compared with one percent of thegeneral youth population surveyed. According to the Human Rights Campaign,there have been 128 killings of trans people in 87 cities across 32 statessince 2013. And those are the only the reported cases. And 80 percent of thosekillings were of trans women of color. The queer situation is bleak, to say theleast.
那个观点很好，但前提是它指的是所有的孩子。就在几个星期之前，阿拉巴马州亨茨维尔的十五岁孩子因为身为同性恋被霸凌而轻生自杀。2018 年，同样的事发生在科罗拉多州丹佛的七岁孩子身上。有很多这样的孩子，将来还会有更多。女、男同性恋及双性恋的青少年自杀的机率比同侪的异性恋青少年要高三倍以上，而变性的青少年自杀率几乎要高达六倍。根据一项研究，无家可归的青年当中，大约有三分之一是女、男同性恋、双性恋或性别存疑，大约 4% 是变性人，相较之下，被调查的对象中一般青年人口只占 1%。根据人权战线（组织）的资料，2013 年起，在 32 州的87 个城市中，共有 128 名变性人遭杀害。那些还只是有被举报的案例。那些杀人案中，有八成受害者是有色人种的变性女子。酷儿的情况很凄凉，甚至更糟。
05:00
The YouTube comments on my videos are notmuch better. I'm used to the harassment. I get messages daily telling me I'm apedophile and that I should kill myself in a number of increasingly creativeways. I once had to put the word "truck" on my block list becausesomeone wanted me to get run over by a truck. "Shower" and"oven" are in there, too, for the less creative and more disturbing Holocaustreference. When neo-Nazis marched in Charlottesville, I was unsurprised tolearn that the creator of a violent Reddit meme about one of my episodes was inthe tiki torch crowd. This barrage of negativity is what we're up against: thecrushing statistics, the violence, the mental health risks, the well-meaningbut flawed response my parents gave me when I came out, that they didn't wantme to have a harder life. That's what we're up against.
在 YouTube 上大家针对我的影片留言的意见也好不到哪里去。我很习惯被骚扰了。每天我都会收到骂我恋童癖的讯息，说我应该自杀，还帮我想了很多有创意的死法。我还曾经把“卡车”一词放到我的阻挡清单中，因为有人希望我被卡车撞死。“淋浴”和“烤箱”也都上了名单，在比较没创意、比较扰人的大屠杀讯息中会出现这些词。当新纳粹主义者行经夏律第镇，我惊讶地得知从我的网络剧而来的暴力Reddit（网站）表情包的创作者也在拿着火把的群众里面。这种负面的猛烈攻击，就是我们要对抗的：压倒性的统计数字、暴力、心理健康风险、我出柜时我父母出于好意给我的不理想回应，他们说，不希望我过比较辛苦的人生。那些就是我们在对抗的。
05:58
But in the face of all that, I choose joy.I choose rainbows and unicorns and glitter, and I sing that it's OK to be gaywith my childhood stuffed teddy bear. I make queer media for kids because Iwish I had this when I was their age. I make it so others don't have tostruggle through what I did, not understanding my identity because I didn'thave any exposure to who I could be. I teach and spread this message throughjoy and positivity instead of framing it around the hardships of queer life. Iwant kids to grow up and into themselves with pride for who they are and whothey can be, no matter who they love or what they wear or what pronouns theyuse. And I want them to love others for their differences, not in spite ofthem. I think fostering this pride and empathy will make the world a kinder andmore equal place and combat the bigotry and hate that festers in our world.
但，在面对这一切时，我选择喜悦。我选择彩虹、独角兽、闪闪发光，我和儿时的泰迪熊一起唱出“身为同性恋没有关系”。我为孩子做酷儿媒体，因为我多希望自己在那个年纪时有这些东西。我制作这些，让其他人不用再经历我所经历过的挣扎，我当年不了解我的性别认同，因为我不知道我能够成为什么样的人。我选择教导、散播这个讯息的方式，是透过喜悦和正面态度，而不是把话题一直绕着酷儿生活有多苦打转。我希望孩子长大后能做他们自己，对自己是什么人、能够成为什么人感到骄傲。不论他们爱谁、穿什么或使用什么代名词。我希望人们能因别人的差异而爱他们，而不是尽管有差异仍然爱他们。我认为培养这种自尊心和同理心能够让世界变得更仁慈、更平等，并对抗那些让世界恶化的盲从和仇恨。
07:08
So, talk to a kid about gender. Talk to akid about sexuality. Teach them about consent. Tell them it is OK for boys towear dresses and for girls to speak up. Let's spread radical queer joy.
所以，和孩子谈谈性别，和孩子谈谈性向，教导他们同意。告诉他们，男孩穿洋装、女孩大声说话，都没有关系。让我们来散播基本的酷儿喜悦。
07:28
Thank you.
谢谢。
07:29
(Applause)
（掌声）
