演讲MP3+双语文稿:对于80后90后，人们有哪些误解？
听力课堂TED音频栏目主要包括TED演讲的音频MP3及中英双语文稿，供各位英语爱好者学习使用。本文主要内容为演讲MP3+双语文稿:对于80后90后，人们有哪些误解？，希望你会喜欢！
【演讲人及介绍】Reniqua Allen
作家，制片人，记者雷尼夸·艾伦（Reniqua Allen），为种族，机会，政治和大众文化等问题的各种媒体制作并撰写文章。
【演讲主题】我们对于千禧一代的认识与误解
【演讲文稿-中英文】
翻译者 Ziyao Wang 校对 Homer Li
00:00
So on the surface, Troy is the kind ofmillennial that think pieces are made of. He's arrogant, self-centered andconvinced that he is smarter than people give him credit for. His favoritetopics of conversation are girls, sneakers and cars -- not a surprise forsomeone who was a teenager just a few years ago. But Troy's mannerisms -- theyreveal the patterns of someone who is scared, troubled and unsure of thefuture.
从表面上看，特洛伊（人名）是那种人们口中的千禧一代。他很傲慢，自私，并且认为自己比所有赞扬他的人都聪明。他最喜欢的话题是女生，跑鞋和汽车——鉴于他几年前还是十几岁的少年，这并不令人惊讶。但特洛伊的习惯——反映了他的害怕、烦恼以及对未来的缺乏信心。
00:28
Now Troy also embodies the many positivequalities his generation is known for. An entrepreneurial spirit, anindependent streak and a dedication to his parents. He believes in hard workand has tried gigs in both the licit and underground economies, but he hasn'thad any luck and is just trying to find his way and still dances between bothworlds.
不过特洛伊又具备了很多他这代人出了名的一些优秀品质。企业家的精神，独立的性格，还有对父母的奉献精神。他相信努力会有回报，尝试过以合法和地下手段赚钱，但他运气并不好，只能不停地寻找前进的路，并在两条不同的路之间不停转换。
00:52
When I met Troy a few years ago, he hadbeen employed as a golf caddy at a local country club, carrying bags for richmen and women who often never even acknowledged his existence. Before that, hesold sneakers on Facebook. He even tried selling candy bars and water bottles,but he wasn't making enough money to help his parents out or save up for a carany time soon. So Troy saw how hard his immigrant mother from Jamaica workedand how little she got back in return, and he vowed -- Troy vowed to take adifferent path. So he ended up selling drugs. And then he got caught, and rightnow, he's trying to figure out his next steps.
当我几年前遇到特洛伊时，他被一家乡村俱乐部雇用做了一名球童，为常常对他视而不见的富人们拎袋子。在那之前，他在脸书上卖跑鞋。他甚至尝试过卖糖果和水杯，但他从没挣够过足以让他父母过上好一点生活，或者买一辆车的钱。当特洛伊看到从牙买加移民来的母亲工作得那么努力但却得到如此少的回报，他发誓——发誓要走一条不同的路。他最后走上了卖毒品的道路。然后他被抓住了，现在他正试着搞明白下一步该怎么办。
01:31
In a country where money equals power,quick money, at least for a while, gives young men and women like him a senseof control over their lives, though he said he mainly did it because he wantedstability. "I wanted a good life," he told me. "I got greedy andI got caught." Yet the amazing thing about Troy is that he still believesin the American dream. He still believes that with hard work, despite beingarrested, that he can move on up. Now, I don't know if Troy's dreams came true.He disappeared from the program for troubled youth that he was involved in andslipped through the cracks, but on that day that we spoke, I could tell thatmore than anything, Troy was happy that someone listened to his dreams andasked him about his future.
在这个金钱等于权利的国家，挣快钱在一小段时间内可以让像他一样的年轻人对生活更有控制感，即使他们说只是为了有更稳定的生活。“我想有美好的生活，”他告诉我。“我变得贪婪，后来被抓住了。”特洛伊身上最令人惊奇的是他仍相信美国梦。他相信即使被抓住了，通过努力，他仍可以提高自己的社会地位。我不知道特洛伊的梦想有没有实现。他从自己参与的问题青年项目中消失了，没再继续接受我们的帮助。但是，从我们那天的谈话，我可以看出，有人愿意听他的梦想，询问他的未来，让特洛伊很开心。
02:20
So I think about Troy and his optimism whenI think of the reality that so many young, black millennials face when it comesto realizing their dreams. I think about all the challenges that so many blackmillennials have to endure in a world that tells them they can anything theywant to be if they work hard, but actually doesn't sit down to listen to theirdreams or hear stories about their struggle. And we really need to listen tothis generation if we hope to have a healthy and civil society going forward,because millienials of color, they make up a fair chunk of the US and the worldpopulation.
每当我想到许多年轻的黑人千禧一代在实现梦想时所面临的现实时，我就会想到特洛伊和他的乐观主义。我总想到那么多千禧一代黑人被告知只要努力梦想就能实现，而说那些话的人，连坐下来听他们的梦想或他们的挣扎 都不愿意时，黑人青年们面临的挑战。如果我们想有一个 健康文明的未来社会，我们就必须倾听 这一代年轻人的声音，因为千禧一代有色人种青年 组成了美国和 世界相当比例的人口。
02:59
Now when we talk about millennials, a groupthat is often labeled as entitled, lazy, overeducated, noncommittal and narcissistic,the conversations often swirl around avocado toast, overpriced lattes and fancyjobs abroad -- you probably have heard all these things before. But millennialsare not a monolith. Actress Lena Dunham may be the media's representation ofthis generation, but Troy and other voices like his are also part of the story.In fact, millennials are the largest and most diverse adult population in thiscountry. 44 percent of all American millennials are nonwhite, but often, youwouldn't even know it at all.
当我们讲到千禧一代，他们总被贴上享有特权，懒惰，高学历，没主见，孤芳自赏的标签。话题总是围绕着牛油果吐司，贵得离谱的拿铁，海外高级的工作——你也许听说过这些。但千禧一代的特质却不尽相同。女演员莉娜·丹恩也许成为了媒体眼中这一代人的代表，但特洛伊和很多其他人也是故事的一部分。实际上，千禧一代是美国最大、最多样化的人群。美国44%的千禧一代青年都是有色人种，只不过人们通常不知道。
03:39
Now sure, there are similarities withinthis population born between 1981 and 1996. Perhaps many of us do love avocadotoast and lattes -- I know I do, right? But there are also extreme differences,often between millennials of color and white millennials. In fact, all toooften, it seems as though we're virtually living in different worlds.
的确，这个出生于 1981和1996年之间的群体有他们自己的特点。也许我们很多人确实喜欢牛油果吐司和拿铁——至少我是的—— 但千禧一代中的 有色人种和白人有着很大不同。实际上，他们似乎常常活在 两个完全不同的世界里。
04:02
Now black millennials, a group that I haveresearched for a book I recently wrote, are the perfect example of the blindspot that we have when it comes to this group. For example, we have lower ratesof homeownership, we have higher student debt, we get ID'd more at voterregistration booths, we are incarcerated at higher rates ... we make lessmoney, we have higher numbers of unemployment -- even when we do go to college,I should say -- and we get married at lower rates. And honestly, that's reallyjust the beginning.
对于千禧一代的黑人青年，我做了研究并写了一本书，就是我们有关千禧一代讨论中的盲点 最好的例子。比如，我们的房屋拥有率更低，学生债务更高，大选投票时被查身份文件的频率更高，被关押率更高，赚的钱更少，失业率更高——即使我们上了大学——我们的结婚率也更低。老实说，这只是个开始。
04:40
Now, none of these struggles areparticularly new, right? Young black people in America have been fighting,really fighting hard to get their stories told for centuries. After the CivilWar in the 1800s, Reconstruction failed to deliver the equality that the end ofslavery should have heralded, so young people moved to the North and the Westto escape discriminatory Jim Crow policies. Then, as segregation raged in muchof the country, young black people helped spearhead civil rights campaigns inthe 1950s and 1960s. After that, some people embraced black power and thenbecame Black Panthers and then the next generation, they turned to hip-hop tomake sure their voices were heard. And then Barack Obama, hopeful that he, too,may bring about change. And when that failed, when we realized we were stillbrutalized and battered, we had to let the world know that our lives stillmattered. Now, when technology allows more video of our pain and struggle to bebroadcast to the world, we wonder, like, what is next?
没有一个上面提到的困难是新出现的。黑人青年在美国努力地斗争，奋力传播他们的故事。十九世纪初的内战后，战后重建没有像奴隶制废除时预示的那样达到人人平等的原则，年轻人们为了逃避种族歧视的吉姆·克劳法搬到西部和北部。20 世纪 50 和 60 年代种族隔离在全国肆虐时，年轻的黑人们担当了人权运动的先锋。后来，有些人接受了黑人权利并加入了黑豹党，再下一代人用说唱音乐讲述自己的故事。再后来是贝拉克·奥巴马满怀希望地争取改变。当有些尝试失败时，当我们意识到我们仍不断被伤害时，我们要让世界知道我们的生命也很重要。当科技让我们的痛楚和挣扎以视频的形式 在世界范围内播出时，我们很好奇接下来会发生什么。
05:42
Our country feels more polarized than ever,yet we are still being told to pull up our pants, be respectable, be lessangry, smile more and work harder. Even the attitudes of millennials themselvesare overdue for an update. Research done by the Washington Post in 2015 aboutthis supposedly "woke" group found that 31 percent of whitemillennials think that blacks are lazier than whites, and 23 percent saythey're not as intelligent. These are, like, surprising things to me, andshocking. And these responses are not that much different than generations inthe past, and it shows that unfortunately, this generation is repeating thesame old stereotypes and tropes of the past. Now, a study conducted by DavidBinder Research and MTV in 2014 -- it found that 84 percent of youngmillennials were taught by their families that everyone should be equal. Thisis a really great thing, a really positive step. But only 37 percent in thatgroup actually talked about race with their families.
当下的美国史无前例地两极化，而我们却被告知要保持克制，要体面，不要愤怒，多微笑，努力工作。即使以千禧一代青年们的态度，也迟迟没有任何进展。《华盛顿邮报》2015年关于本应当“被唤醒”的群体的研究发现，31%的白人千禧一代认为黑人青年比白人懒惰，23% 认为黑人没白人聪明。这些说法令我相当震惊。这些回答其实跟前人的回答相差不大，这项研究也表明这一代人仍在重复以前的对黑人的模式化看法。大卫·宾得研究所和 MTV 在 2014 年进行的一项研究表明，84%的千禧一代在家中被亲人教导人生而平等。这是很棒的一件事，也是乐观的一步，但在那些人中，只有37%的人会跟家人讨论种族问题。
06:47
So I could understand why things may beconfusing to some. There are definitely black millennials who are succeeding.Marvel's "Black Panther," directed by black millennial Ryan Cooglerand showcasing many others, broke all sorts of records. There's a crop oftelevision shows by creatives like Donald Glover, Lena Waithe and Issa Rae.Beyoncé is, like, the queen, right? She is, like, everything. Young blackauthors are winning awards, Serena Williams is still dominating on the tenniscourt despite all her haters, and there's a crop of new politicians andactivists running for office. So I don't want to, like, kill these moments ofblack joy that I too revel in, but I want to make it clear that these wins aretoo few and far between for a people that's been here for over 400 years. Like,that's insane, right?
我可以理解为什么有些人会很困惑。千禧一代的黑人青年里的确有成功人士。漫威的电影《黑豹》就是由千禧一代的黑人青年瑞安·库格勒导演，很多其他黑人青年出演的，打破了很多记录。还有很多有创意的电视剧，由唐纳德·格洛沃，列娜·怀瑟，伊莎·瑞等人精心打造。碧昂丝就像天后，不是吗？她代表了一切。年轻的黑人作家也捧回不少奖项，赛琳娜·威廉姆斯在网球场上所向披靡，哪怕有人不喜欢她。除此以外还有一群新晋黑人政治家和运动领导者。我不想压下这属于黑人的快乐片刻，因为我也在狂欢中，但我想澄清的是，这还是太少了，且远不够，因为我们已经在这里生活了超过四百年，听起来是不是难以置信？
07:35
And most people still don't really understandthe full picture, right? Our stories are still misunderstood, our bodies arestill taken advantage of, and our voices? Our voices are silenced in a worldthat still shows little concern for our everyday struggles. So our stories needto be told in a multitude of ways by a range of voices talking about diverseand nuanced topics, and they really need to be listened to.
还有很多人依然不能明白全局，不是吗？我们的故事仍被误解，我们的身体和声音仍被利用。我们的声音被这个对我们日常的困境漠不关心的世界掩盖了。我们的故事应该以多种方式 被不同的声音讲述，讨论我们多样、 细致划分的话题，它们应该被聆听。
08:00
And it is not just here in America, right?It's all around the world. Millennials make up 27 percent of the world'spopulation. That's around two billion people. And with countries like India,China, Indonesia and Brazil, along with the United States, accounting for 50percent of the world's millennials, it's clear that the white, often male,heterosexual narrative of the millennial is only telling half the story. Now,there's many people trying to broaden the palette. They're fighting to gettheir stories told and bust the millennial stereotype. Whether it's students inSouth Africa protesting statues of Cecil Rhodes, Michaela Coel making us laughfrom the UK, or Uche Eze, who's framing views about Nigerian life, online. ButI want to make it clear -- I want to make it really clear to everyone that justbecause things look more equal than they did in the 20th century, doesn't meanthat things are equitable at all. It doesn't mean our experiences areequitable, and it certainly doesn't mean that a post-racial society, that thingthat we talked about so much, ever became close to being a reality.
而且还不能只是在美国，而是在全世界。千禧一代占据世界人口的27%，那是20亿人了。像印度、中国、印尼、巴西和美国这些国家，拥有世界几近一半的千禧一代青年，很明显，他们中的异性恋白种男子讲述的只是故事的一部分。现在很多人都在尝试扩展他们的调色板。他们为了讲述自己的故事、去除对千禧一代的模式化印象而奋斗。无论是南非学生保护塞西尔·罗兹的雕像的游行，在英国的米歇尔拉·克尔让我们大笑，还是在互联网上试图改变外人对尼日利亚人生活印象的伍彻·厄泽。我想强调的是——我想让每个人明白虽然这个世界比20世纪 看起来更平等，但是这并不意味着 世界是公正的。不意味着我们的 经历是公正的，不意味着我们生活在 一个没有种族歧视的社会，更不意味着我们的愿望 正在成为现实。
09:05
I think of Joelle, a middle-class20-something who did everything the "right way," but she couldn't goto her dream school, because it was simply too expensive. Or Jalessa, who knowsshe can't be mediocre at her job the same way that her white peers can. OrTrina, who knows that people judge her unconventional family choices in adifferent way than if she were a white woman. Or actor AB, who knows that theroles he takes and gets in Hollywood are different because of his skin color.And then there's Simon. So Simon, by all means, would be an example of someone who'smade it. He's a CFO at a tech company in San Francisco, he has a degree fromMIT and he's worked at some of the hottest tech companies in the world.
这让我想到了卓艾丽，一个二十多岁，做事效率极高的中产阶级家庭的孩子，但她没能去上梦想的大学，仅仅是因为学费太贵。还有贾蕾萨，她知道她不能像她的一些白人伙伴们一样应付她的工作。还有翠娜，人们对她不同寻常的组建家庭方式评头论足，只因为她不是白人。还有某位演员，知道在好莱坞电影中，由于他的肤色，扮演的角色和别人不同。还有西蒙。西蒙是人们眼中成功的例子。他是旧金山一个科技公司的首席财务官。他从麻省理工毕业，为世界上最热门的科技公司工作。
09:52
But when I asked Simon if he had achievedthe American dream, it took him a while to respond. While acknowledging that hehad a really comfortable life, he admitted that under different circumstances,he might have chosen a different path. Simon really loves photography, but thatwas never a real option for him. "My parents weren't able to subsidize methrough that sort of thing," Simon said. "Maybe that's something mychildren could do." So it's these kinds of stories -- the quieter, moresubtle ones -- that reveal the often unique and untold stories of blackmillennials that show how even dreaming may differ between communities.
但当我问西蒙有没有实现美国梦时，他想了一会儿才回答。虽然他承认他过着很舒适的生活，但他也承认在不同情况下，他可能选择不同的人生道路。西蒙很喜欢摄影，但他却曾经没钱买摄影机。“我的父母甚至不能资助我去发展那些兴趣”，他说。“也许那是留给下一代的。”这种故事—— 更不为人知的故事—— 揭露了黑人千禧一代独特的，从未被讲述的故事，告诉我们梦想也会因群体而不同。
10:36
So we really need to listen and hear thestories of this generation, now more than ever, as the baby boomers age andmillennials come to prominence. We can talk all we want to about picklingbusinesses in Brooklyn or avocado toast, but leaving out the stories and thevoices of black millennials, large swaths of the population -- it will onlyincrease divisions. So stories of black millennials, brown millennials and allmillennials of color really need to be told, and they also need to be listenedto. We'd be a far better-off country and world.
我们需要聆听这一代人的故事，随着婴儿潮那一代人老去，以及千禧一代的成长，这种需求比以往更迫切。我们可以随心所欲地谈论布鲁克林的腌菜企业，或者牛油果吐司，但忽略千禧一代黑人的故事和声音—— 这个庞大的群体—— 只会增大分歧。黑人和棕色人种，以及所有有色人种 的千禧一代，他们的故事需要被讲述，也需要被倾听。这样一来，我们的国家和这个世界都会变得更美好。
11:10
Thank you.
谢谢。
11:11
(Applause)
（掌声）
