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2010年职称英语考试综合类B级真题

所属教程:职称英语一本全

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2022年06月24日

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2010年职称英语考试综合类B级真题

第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment.

A. doubt

B. anger

C. love

D. surprise

2. I want to provide my boys with a decent education.

A. special

B. private

C. good

D. general

3. Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners.

A. polite

B. similar

C. usual

D. bad

4. There was a profound silence after his remark.

A. short

B. deep

C. proud

D. sudden

5. The document was compiled by the Department of Health.

A. printed

B. attached

C. written

D. sent

6. In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy.

A. changes

B. reduces

C. leaves

D. drops

7. Many cities have restricted smoking in public places.

A. limited

B. allowed

C. stopped

D. kept

8. The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village.

A. killed

B. jailed

C. caught

D. found

9. If we leave now, we should miss the traffic.

A. mix

B. avoid

C. direct

D. stop

10. What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?

A. advancement

B. replacement

C. retirement

D. advisement

11. We've seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues.

A. great

B. clear

C. quick

D. regular

12. Such a database would be extremely costly to set up.

A. update

B. transfer

C. destroy

D. establish

13. The two banks have announced plans to merge next year.

A. combine

B. break

C. sell

D. close

14. I enjoyed the play—it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues.

A. humorous

B. long

C. original

D. boiling

15. He's spent years cultivating knowledge of art.

A. denying

B. using

C. sharing

D. developing

第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提到，请选择C。

The Race into Space

American millionaire Dennis Tito will always be famous. He was the first tourist in space. "I spent sixty years on Earth and eight days in space and from my viewpoint, it was two separate lives," Tito explained. He loved his time in space. "Being in space and looking back at earth is one of the most rewarding experiences a human being can have."

This kind of experience isn't cheap. It cost $20 million. However, Tito achieved his dream so he was happy. "For me it was a life dream. It was a dream that began when I didn't have any money," he told reporters.

On 30 April, 2002, Mark Shuttleworth became the world's second space tourist. Shuttleworth is a South African businessman. At the age of twenty-eight he also paid $20 million for the eight-day trip.

Both Tito and Shuttleworth bought their tickets from a company called Space Adventures. The company has around 100 people already on their waiting list for flights into space. The spaceship to take them doesn't exist yet.

Many of the customers are people who like adventures. They are the kind of people who also want to climb Mount Qomolangma. Other customers are people who love space. However, these people are worried. Because it's so expensive, only very rich people can go into space. They want space travel to be available to more people.

That day may soon be here. Inter Orbital Systems (IOS) plans to send up to four tourists a week into space. The tours will depart from an island in Tonga. The company promises a package that includes forty-five days of astronaut training in Russia and California, seven days in space, and a vacation in Tonga for $2 million.

However, space flight is still very dangerous. Bill Readdy is NASA's deputy assistant administrator for space flight. He says that the chances of dying are about 1 in 500. Because of this it may take time before space tourism really takes off. You might be able to go up, but will you come down?

16. Dennis Tito was the first tourist in space.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. Mark Shuttleworth is an engineer from the United States.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. Both Tito and Shuttleworth have climbed Mount Qomolangma.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. Space Adventures has about 100 customers waiting for their travel into space.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. Space Adventures already has a spaceship.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. IOS will send its tourists into space from Tonga.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. Bill Readdy thinks space flight is very dangerous.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Waste Not, Want Not

Bob and Clara Darlington, who own and run a farm in the North of England, have always looked for new ways of making money out of the products they grow. Their success began when they established a shop on their farm, so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from them.

The business was an immediate success, and soon scored top marks in a competition set up by the Farm Retail Association to find the best farm shop in the country. The Association's inspectors found the Darlingtons' shop offered excellent service and value for money as well as quality fruit and vegetable.

Clara Darlington is a trained chef and, in addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local products, she began offering a variety of prepared meals which she had made herself in the farmhouse kitchen. A small cafe alongside the farm shop was soon added, with everything that visitors could taste on the menu also being for sale in the shop.

Clara admits that starting the business was expensive, and she has worked very hard, but maintains that if the product is good, the public recognize this and buy it. "I aim to offer the highest quality to our customers, whether they come in for a loaf of bread, or take a whole dinner-party menu. I take it as a compliment (恭维) if people take home one of my dishes to serve to their family and friends and get away with pretending they made it themselves."

So it was that the couple realized that they had a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables grown on the farm which were unsuitable for selling in the shop. Clara, not wishing to see them get thrown away, decided to turn them into soup.

The soup met with the immediate approval of customers to the shop and Clara now produces ten different varieties. She spent much of the summer traveling up and down to London by rail, doing presentations of the soups. As a result, they are now served in first-class railway restaurant cars belonging to three companies as well as being stocked by a number of high-class London stores.

23. Paragraph 2________.

24. Paragraph 3________.

25. Paragraph 4________.

26. Paragraph 5________.

* * *

A. Professional recognition is obtained

B. Ensuring that nothing gets wasted

C. A necessary alternative to farming

D. Time well spent is rewarded

E. Continuing investment in high standards

F. Professional skills are exploited

* * *

27. Bob and Clara Darlington established a shop to________.

28. Apart from quality fruit and vegetables, the couple________.

29. Instead of throwing the damaged vegetables away, the couple________.

30. Clara spent much of the summer going to London to________.

* * *

A. sell fresh vegetables

B. turn them into soup

C. sell as much as possible

D. promote her soups

E. fill a gap in the market

F. offer a variety of prepared meals

* * *

第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第1篇　Immigration and Problems

Hundreds of thousands of people supporting immigration rights in the US filled streets all over America in early 2006. Many held signs and American flags and asked to be treated as citizens—not criminals. Many of these supported legislation from Senator John McCain that would open a path to citizenship to immigrants who were already in the country illegally. Proposed legislation from other politicians called for stricter measures—including rounding up undocumented immigrants and sending them back to their home countries.

Canadian officials say that immigration applications continue to rise. Some want to keep the doors open. They need the labor. About 400,000 immigrants were allowed into the country in 2005, according to the Canadian Government statistics. However, all this growth means that cities need to adapt. New comers don't always make a smooth transition into jobs for which they are skilled. So industries are using mentoring (辅导) programs to help new immigrants find proper jobs.

With the large numbers of undocumented African immigrants arriving in the Canary Islands and showing no sign of abating (减少), the Spanish Government has decided to get tough. There will be no more mass amnesties (特赦) for illegals, and anyone coming to Spain without permission will be sent back, the government has announced. About 23,000 migrants (移民) landed on the islands in 2006, and riots have erupted in some crowded reception centers. This has promoted local authorities to appeal to the United Nations for help.

France's new immigration and integration law gives the government new powers to encourage high-skilled migration. It takes effect in 2007. The new law authorizes the government to identify particular professions where France has a talent shortage. Then the government will help these identified employers find immigrant workers with needed skills or qualifications. The selected foreign employees will be granted "skills and talents" visas, valid for three years. But some people show the concern that it'll cause brain drain in developing countries.

31. Many immigrants in the US swarmed into streets in early 2006, demanding that________.

A. John McCain be removed

B. they be sent back home

C. they be treated as citizens

D. their culture be protected

32. The expression "rounding up" in Paragraph 1 could be best replaced by________.

A. encircling

B. separating

C. arresting

D. frightening

33. Canada is not very strict with immigration applications because________.

A. it is a large country

B. it is suffering from labor shortage

C. its population is decreasing

D. it is a multicultural country

34. To solve the immigration problem, the Spanish Government has decided________.

A. to take tough measures against illegal immigration

B. to let immigrants freely enter the country

C. to integrate immigrants into the Spanish culture

D. to help immigrants find proper jobs

35. After France's new immigration and integration law takes effect, it will________.

A. encourage overseas students to return home

B. bring damage to the unity of the country

C. arouse anger among French workers

D. make it hard for developing countries to keep talents

第2篇　The Iceman

On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet, or 3,200 meters), the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface.

It was lying face downward. The skeleton (骨架) was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the head. There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark (树皮) and a holder for arrows.

Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War Ⅰ, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old.

With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5,300 years old. Born in about 3,300 B. C., he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story. A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of battle. It may have been part of a larger war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself.

By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in. We may never know the full story of how he died, but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times.

36. The body of the Iceman was found in the mountains mainly because________.

A. he was lying on the ice

B. he was just on a mountain pass

C. two Germans were climbing the mountains

D. the melted ice made him visible

37. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

A. The Iceman lived a poor life.

B. The Iceman was struck dead from behind.

C. The Iceman was killed while working.

D. The Iceman could have died from the wound in the head.

38. All the following are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT________.

A. he was a soldier in World War Ⅰ

B. he was a Swiss woman's long-lost father

C. he came from Italy

D. he was born about a thousand years ago

39. The scientists made the deduction that the Iceman________.

A. had got a wound on the back of his head

B. had a tiny hole in his skin causing his death

C. was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead

D. was probably in some kind of battle

40. The word "bandits" in Paragraph 4 could be best replaced by________.

A. soldiers

B. hunters

C. robbers

D. shooters

第3篇　Britain's Solo Sailor

Ellen MacArthur started sailing when she was eight, going out on sailing trips with her aunt. She loved it so much that she saved her money for three years to buy her first small sailing boat. When she was 18, she sailed alone around Britain and won the "Young Sailor of the Year" award.

But Ellen really became famous in 2001. Aged only 24, she was one of only two women who entered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race, which lasts 100 days. Despite many problems, she came second in the race out of 24 competitors and she was given a very warm welcome when she returned.

Ambition and determination have always been a big part of Ellen's personality. When she was younger, she lived in a kind of hut (棚屋) for three years while she was trying to get sponsorship to compete in a transatlantic race. Then she took a one-way ticket to France, bought a tiny seven-meter Class Mini yacht, slept under it while she was repairing it, and then she raced it 4,000 kilometers across the Atlantic in 1997, alone for 33 days.

Ellen has had to learn many things, because sailing single-handed means that she has to be her own captain, electrician, sail maker, engineer, doctor, journalist, cameraman and cook. She also has to be very fit, and because of the dangers of sleeping for long periods of time when she's in the middle of the ocean, she has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.

And she needs courage. Once, in the middle of the ocean, she had to climb the mast (桅杆) of a boat to repair the sailsat four o'clock in the morning, with 100 kph winds blowing around her. It took her many hours to make the repairs. Ellen says, "I was exhausted when I came down. It's hard to describe how it feels to be up there. It's like trying to hold onto a big pole, which for me is just too big to get my arms around, with someone kicking you all the time and trying to shake you off."

But in her diary, Ellen also describes moments which make it all worthwhile (值得的):"A beautiful sunrise started the day, with black clouds slowly lit by the bright yellow sun. I have a very strong feeling of pleasure, being out here on the ocean and having the chance to live this. I just feel lucky to be here."

41. In the Vendee Globe race, Ellen won________.

A. a gold medal

B. the "Best Women Sailor" award

C. the second place

D. the "Young Sailor of the Year" award

42. Ellen lived in a kind of hut for three years________.

A. because she was interested in country life

B. because she was ambitious for the coming race

C. while she was learning how to repair sails

D. while she was trying to get financial support for a race

43. The word "solo" in the title could be best replaced by________.

A. self-starter

B. single-handed

C. one performer

D. self-made

44. According to Paragraph 4, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. She has to be her own teacher.

B. She has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.

C. She has to be very fit.

D. She has to learn to repair sails.

45. How does Ellen feel about the Vendee Globe race?

A. It is surprising.

B. It is relaxing.

C. It is dangerous.

D. It is enjoyable.

第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Semco

At 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father's business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts for ships. Semler Junior worked like a madman, from 7:30 am, until midnight every day. One afternoon while touring a factory in New York he collapsed. The doctor who treated him said, "There's nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you'll find a new home in our hospital." Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too.

He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries.　46　. "Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone."

He completely reorganized the office: instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can't shut themselves away from everyone else.　47　. As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts.

Semler says, "We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn't even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump on the other side of the world fails and millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action.　48　. That's when he earns his salary."

Semco has flexible working hours: the employees decide when they need to arrive at work. The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year.　49

It sounds perfect. But does it work? The answer is in the numbers: In the last six years, Semco's revenues have gone from $35 million to $212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000. Why?

Semler says it's because of "peer pressure." Peer pressure makes everyone work hard for everyone else.　50　In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expects them to act like adults. And they do.

A. This saved money and brought more equality to the company.

B. He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.

C. And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

D. Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.

E. If someone isn't doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

F. Also, Semco lets its workers use the company's machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

第6部分：完形填空（第51～65题，每题1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints

One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints (指纹). Losing them could become troublesome. A case　51　online in a letter by Annals of Oncology (肿瘤学) indicates how big a　52　of losing fingerprints is.

Eng-Huat Tan, a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year old man who has used capecitabine to　53　his nasopharyngeal cancer (鼻咽癌). After three years on the　54　, the patient decided to visit U. S. relatives last December. But he was stopped by U. S. customs officials　55　4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldn't get fingerprints from the man. There were no　56　swirly marks appearing from his index finger.

U. S. customs has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years, Tan says. "Unfortunately, for the Singaporean traveler, one potential　57　effect of his drug treatment is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads.　58　, no fingerprints."

It is uncertain when fingerprint　59　will begin to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine, Tan points out. So he　60　any physicians who prescribe the drug to provide their patients with a doctor's　61　pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear.

Eventually, the Singapore traveler made it into the United States. I guess the name on his passport didn't raise any red flags. But he's also now got the explanatory doctor's note—and won't leave home　62　it.

By the way, maybe the Food and Drug Administration (美国食品药物管理局),　63　approved use of the drug 11 years ago, should consider updating its list of side effects　64　with this medicine. The current list does note that patients may experience vomiting (呕吐), stomach pain and some other side effects. But no where　65　it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints.

51. A. released

B. suggested

C. accepted

D. detected

52. A. problem

B. gap

C. sickness

D. secret

53. A. cut

B. treat

C. find

D. smooth