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初中英语必考2000词 C cabbage→cycle

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初中英语必考2000词 C cabbage→cycle

cabbage [ˈkæbɪʤ ] n. 卷心菜,洋白菜;无精打采的人,呆头呆脑的人

配  Chinese cabbage 大白菜

例  I think I can probably find some cabbage . 我想我也许能找到一些卷心菜。(2009·武汉)

cage [keɪʤ ] n. 笼子;兽笼

配  bird cage 鸟笼

例  Most animals are kept in cages that are too small for them. 大多数动物都被关在狭小逼仄的笼子里。(2011·上海)

cake [keɪk ] n. 蛋糕,糕点,饼

配  birthday cake 生日蛋糕

a piece of cake 轻而易举的事情

moon cake 月饼

例  It was Mom who bought the cake with the candles on it for me to blow out. 是妈妈给我买了蛋糕,上面还插上了蜡烛让我吹灭。(2009·沈阳)

call [kɔːl ] n. 喊,叫;通话 v. 称呼;呼唤;喊,叫

拓  caller n. 访客;呼叫者;打电话者

配  make a phone call 打电话

call for 要求;需要;提倡;邀请;为……叫喊

call on 访问,拜访;号召,请求

call in 召集;召来

call back 回电;收回

call at 拜访,访问;停靠(车站)

例  We use cell phones to call our friends, send text messages, play games,and even take photographs. 我们用手机给朋友们打电话、发短信、玩游戏,甚至照相。(2009·辽宁)

The cat is called Nicolas. 这只猫叫做尼古拉斯。(2009·长春)

calm [kɑːm ] a. 沉着的;镇定的;安静的,平静的

拓  calmly ad. 冷静地;平静地

配  calm down 平静下来;镇定下来

keep (stay) calm 保持冷静

例  After shouting and shutting her door, she calms down enough to go through her notes. 在大叫大喊关上门后,她冷静得足以浏览笔记了。(2012·北京)

If you are robbed, keep calm . 如果你被抢劫,要保持冷静。(2011·乌鲁木齐)

camel [ˈkæməl ] n. 骆驼

配  the straw that broke the camel's back 压垮骆驼背的最后一根稻草

例  They have camels , goats, sheep and other animals. 他们有骆驼、山羊、绵羊和其他动物。(2010·年呼和浩特)

camera [ˈkæmərə ] n. 照相机;摄像机

拓  cameraman n. 摄影师

配  digital camera 数字摄像机;数字照相机

例  You must learn how to use a video camera , to write reports, and to speak to the camera. 你必须要学会如何使用摄像机,如何写报告和对着摄像机说话。(2010·大连)

cameraman [ˈkæmərəˌmæn ] n. 摄影师;照相师;摄影记者

构  camera(n. 摄像机)+man(n. 人)

配  news cameraman 新闻摄影员

例  The cameraman panned down the camera. 摄影师降下镜头拍摄全景。

camp [kæmp ] n. (夏令)营;野营 vi. 野营,宿营

拓  camping n. 露营;野营

camper n. 露营者,野营者

配  training camp 集训营

summer camp 夏令营

camp fire 营火

例  These include fun activities such as holiday camps and discos. 这包括了一些有趣的活动比如假期夏令营和迪斯科。(2007·南京)

We decided to give up the camping trip because all of us had been very tired. 我们决定不去野营了,因为大家都很累了。(2012·河北)

can [kæn, kən ] v. aux. 能,能够;可能;会;可以 n. 罐头,听

拓  canned a. 罐装的

例  It can happen if a child turns off TV just one night for reading at home. 孩子在家关掉电视阅读书籍的情况,哪怕只有一个晚上,也是有可能发生的。(2012·河北)

Canada [ˈkænədə ] n. 加拿大

拓  Canadian a. 加拿大的;加拿大人的 n. 加拿大人

例  There are hundreds of artisans from across Canada selling jewellery, pottery, glass, ironwork and clothing. 来自加拿大的成百手艺工匠在售卖首饰、陶器、玻璃、铁制品和服装。(2012·烟台)

Canadian [kəˈneɪdjən ] a. 加拿大的;加拿大人的 n. 加拿大人

构  Canada(n. 加拿大)+ian(指人后缀)

拓  Canadianize v. (使)加拿大化

例  What about the Canadian policy? 那么加拿大的政策呢?

cancel [ˈkænsəl ] vt. 取消;删去 vi. 取消;相互抵消 n. 取消,撤销

配  cancel out 消除;勾销;取消

例  Can I cancel this ticket? 我可以取消这张票吗?

cancer [ˈkænsə ] n. 癌

配  cancer cell 癌细胞

例  The doctors in the hospital are trying a new treatment for cancer . 医院的医生们正在尝试攻克癌症的新疗法。(2011·无锡)

candle [ˈkændl ] n. 蜡烛;烛光;烛形物

拓  candlelight n. 烛光;灯光

配  burn the candle at both ends 过分浪费精力

例  People lighted candles in memory of the dead. 人们点燃蜡烛,纪念死者。(2008·兰州)

candy [ˈkændi ] n. 糖果

拓  sweets n. 糖果

例  While other kids ate candy for breakfast, I had to have porridge, eggs or toast. 当其他孩子们可以把吃糖作为早餐时,我却只能喝粥和鸡蛋或吐司。(2011·黄冈)

cap [kæp ] n. 便帽;(表示职业等的)帽子;(钢笔等的)笔套

配  cap in hand 毕恭毕敬地;谦恭地

例  Chris went over to the kangaroo and put his baseball cap on its head. 克里斯走到袋鼠身旁,将棒球帽戴在它的头上。(2011·贵阳)

capital [ˈkæpɪtl ] n. 首都,省会;资金;大写字母 a. 首都的;重要的;大写的

拓  capitalist a. 资本家的 capitalism n. 资本主义

配  capital city 首都

provincial capital 省会

例  With the coming of China's 60th birthday, students are eager to help make the capital a more pleasant place. 随着新中国成立60周年的到来,学生们都渴望能帮着首都变得很宜人。(2009年·呼和浩特)

And make sure those capital letters are written properly. 还要检查大写字母是否写正确了。(2011·重庆)

captain [ˈkæptɪn ] n. (海军)上校;船长;队长

例  My sister is captain of the school tennis team. 我的姐姐是校网球队队长。(2009·大连)

car [kɑː ] n. 汽车,小汽车

配  by car 乘汽车

car accident 车祸;交通事故

sports car n. 跑车

drive a car 驾车;开小汽车

例  May I put my car here? 我可以把车停这儿吗?(2009·辽宁)

card [kɑːd ] n. 卡片;名片;纸牌

配  business card 名片;商务名片

credit card 信用卡;记账卡

ID card 身份证(等于identity card)

greeting card 贺卡

green card(美)绿卡(指允许外国人进入美国工作、生活的绿色许可证)

例  A robot reads your credit card and then gives you what you want. 机器人会读你的信用卡,然后给你想要的。(2011·沈阳)

care [keə ] n. 照料,保护 v. 介意;关心

拓  careful a. 仔细的,小心的 careless a. 粗心的;无忧无虑的

配  take care 注意;小心

take care of 照顾;注意;抚养

take good care of 照顾好;好好照看

care about 担心,关心

care for 关心,照顾;喜欢

don't care 不管,不在意

例  The film Modern Times (1936) shows his care about the modern industry workers. 1936年出品的电影《摩登时代》显示出对现代产业工人的关注。(2011·安徽)

We should thank all our teachers for their help, care and love during the past three years. 我们要感谢老师们在过去的三年,对我们的帮助、关心和爱。(2011·南京)

careful [ˈkeəf ] a. 小心的,仔细的

构  care(n. 关心)+ful(形容词词尾)

拓  careless a. 粗心的;无忧无虑的

配  be careful about 当心,注意

例  Be careful when you are cycling. 骑自行车要小心。(2011·常州)

You will need to read certain pages rapidly and then slow down and do more careful reading when you come to important ideas. 有些页面只需快速浏览,但到了重要的论点部分,则需要慢慢阅读并仔细思考。(2011·无锡)

careless [ˈkeəlɪs ] a. 粗心的,漫不经心的,疏忽的

构  care(n. 关心)+less(表否定的形容词词尾)

拓  carelessly ad. 粗心地;不注意地;无忧无虑地

carelessness n. 粗心大意

配  careless mistake 粗心错误,疏忽

careless about 对……粗心

例  Many accidents are caused by careless driving. 许多交通意外是由疏忽驾驶造成的。(2012·苏州)

carpet [ˈkɑːpɪt ] n. 地毯 vt. 在……上铺地毯

拓  rug n. (小)地毯,垫子

配  red carpet(迎接贵宾用的)红地毯;隆重的接待

magic carpet(《一千零一夜》中载人飞行的)魔毯

例  We dragged the carpet out of the room. 我们费力地把地毯拖出房间。

carrot [ˈkærət ] n. 胡萝卜

例  I want to order some mutton and carrot dumplings. 我想来点胡萝卜羊肉饺子。(2009·包头)

carry [ˈkæri ] vt. 运载;传送 vi. 被携带;被搬运

拓  carriage n. 运输;四轮马车;客车厢

配  carry out 实行;实现;完成

carry on 继续

carry away 运走;使失去自制力

例  We have to carry it on, since we've got everything ready. 既然我们做好了一切准备,就得继续完成。(2012·苏州)

However, it's no fun if you have a large backpack full of books to carry . 当然,这一点也不有趣如果你背着一个装满了书的双肩包的话。(2011·贵阳)

cartoon [kɑːˈtuːn ] n. 卡通,动画片 vt. 为……画漫画 vi. 画漫画

拓  cartoonist n. 漫画家

例  What is your favorite cartoon ? 你最喜欢哪部卡通动画片?(2010·呼和浩特)

carve [kɑːv ] vt. 刻;雕刻

拓  carved a. 有雕刻的

carving n. 雕刻;雕刻品;雕刻术

配  carve out 雕刻出;划出;开辟道路;为自己创立事业

例  Artists carve beautiful things out of soft stones, because they can be shaped easily. 艺术家们在软石上雕刻,因为它易于改变形状。(2009·河北)

case [keɪs ] n. 盒子,箱子;情况,实例 vt. 包围;把……装于容器中

配  in case 万一;假使

in the case of 至于,在……的情况下

in case of 万一;如果发生;假设

in this(that)case 既然这(那)样,假若(那)样

in any case 无论如何

in some case 在某种情况下

in no case 决不

例  Both expressions are said just in case you didn't cover your mouth in time and the spirits were able to enter your body. 当你没有及时把嘴闭上而让幽灵可能进入身体,人们会经常说这两句话。(2011·苏州)

Whose pencil case is this?这是谁的文具盒?(2011·宁波)

cash [kæʃ ] n. 现金

拓  cashier 出纳员,收银员;(超市)收银台

配  in cash 用现金,有现款

cash register 现金出纳机,收银机

例  The child does not receive the money in cash . 这孩子不收现金。(2011·上海)

Customers liked the card because they didn't have to carry a lot of cash with them. 顾客爱用卡,这样就不用随身带很多现金。(2011·陕西)

cassette [kəˈset ] n. 盒式录音带

配  cassette tape 盒式录音带,盒式磁带

例  I think I've broken your cassette recorder. 我想我已弄坏了你的盒式磁带录音机了。

castle [ˈkɑːsl ] n. 城堡;象棋中的车

配  castle in the air 空中楼阁;白日梦

例  She never sits in a castle waiting for a prince to come and save her. 她从未坐在城堡里等待王子来救她。(2010·深圳)

cat [kæt ] n. 猫

配  cats and dogs(下雨)猛烈地;大量地

例  Sometimes, a cat likes to play with a small animal it catches. 有时候,猫喜欢戏弄已经逮到的猎物。(2010·常州)

catch [kætʃ ](caught,caught) vt. 抓住;染上(疾病)vi. 接住;锁住

拓  catcher n. 捕手,捕捉者;接球手

配  catch up 赶上;把……缠住

catch up with 赶上,追上;逮捕;处罚

catch the train 赶火车

catch up on 赶上;得到……消息;弥补

catch fire 着火

catch hold of 抓住;拥有

catch the eye 引人注目

例  When fish swim nearby, you can catch them easily with your hands. 鱼游到附近时,你甚至能轻易用手捉住。(2008·成都)

He started running to catch the bus. 他开始跑步赶公交车。(2011·徐州)

cause [kɔːz ] n. 原因,起因 vt. 促使,引起,使发生

配  cause of 起因;属……原因

cause for ……的原因

例  It's actually so dangerous to people's health that it may cause cancer. 这种可致癌物质,的确威胁人类的健康。(2011·厦门)

CD [ˌsiːˈdiː ](compact disk的缩写)激光唱片,光盘

配  CD player CD 播放器;激光唱机

CD ROM 光盘只读存储器;只读型光盘

例  First of all, I will give my father a CD of Beethoven's music as a gift and I'm sure he will love that, because he loves classical music. 首先我会送给爸爸一张贝多芬的光盘作为礼物,我相信他一定会喜欢,因为他爱听古典乐。(2009·佛山)

ceiling [ˈsiːlɪŋ ] n. 天花板,顶棚

拓  roof n. 屋顶

例  The ceiling of the church was painted by a famous artist. 教堂天花板上的图案是由一位著名艺术家创作的。(2009·烟台)

celebrate [ˈselɪbreɪt ] vt. 庆祝

拓  celebration n. 庆祝,庆祝会

配  celebrate with 庆祝

例  Many countries celebrate World Book Day. 许多国家在庆祝世界读书日。(2012·烟台)

cent [sent ] n. 美分,分币(100 cents=1 dollar)

配  not worth a red cent [美口]一文不值,毫无用处

例  Rainforests cover six per cent of the Earth's surface. 热带雨林覆盖了地球表面的百分之六。(2012·盐城)

centre [ˈsentə ](美center)n. 中心,中央

拓  central a. 中心的,中央的;主要的

配  in the centre of 在……的中心

例  They believed that it would be better for everybody if only bicycles were allowed in the city centre . 人们都认为,如果市中心只允许自行车通行,这会对每个人都更有益。(2011·南京)

century [ˈsentʃʊri ] n. 世纪;百年

配  the twentieth century 20世纪 turn of the century 世纪之交 century park 世纪公园

例  Close contacts between Japan and the rest of the world were created in the twentieth century . 日本和世界其他各国的紧密关系于二十世纪开始。(2011·无锡)

certain [ˈsɜ:tn ] a. (未指明真实名称的)某……;确定的

拓  certainly ad. 当然;行(用于回答);必定

certainty n. 必然;确实;确实的事情

配  a certain extent 一定程度上

a certain degree 到某种程度

例  It showed that it was quite safe for a man to be outside the spaceship for a certain period of time.(研究)表明,在一定的时间内,宇航员离开太空船是安全的。(2009·黄冈)

certainly [ˈsɜ:tnli ] ad. 当然;行(用于回答);必定

构  certain(a. 确定的)+ly(副词词尾)

例  The answer is certainly “No”. 回答当然是“不行”。(2009·宁夏)

chair [tʃeə, tʃeə(r) ] n. 椅子;讲座;(会议的)主席位

拓  chairperson n. 主席 chairman n. 主席,会长

chairwoman n. 女主席;女会长;女议长

配  sit on two chairs 脚踏两只船

take a chair 入座,就座

take the chair 做主席,主持会议,开会

例  when it is warm enough, he sometimes takes his chair into the garden. 等到天气够暖和了,有时他会把椅子搬到花园去坐坐。(2005·宁夏课改实验区)

chairman [ˈtʃeəmən ](pl. chairmen)n. 主席;会长;议长

构  chair(n. 主席位)+man(n. 人)

配  board chairman n. 董事长

例  Glyn Ford is chairman of the committee which produced the report. 格林·福特是撰写该报告的委员会的主席。

chairwoman [ˈtʃeəˌwʊmən ] n. 女主席;女会长;女议长

构  chair(n. 主席位)+woman(n. 女人)

例  The new chairwoman was very well-spoken. 新上任的女主席很会说话。

chalk [tʃɔːk ] n. 粉笔

拓  chalkboard n. 黑板;粉板

配  chalk up 用粉笔记下(分数,货账等);归咎于;得分

例  We've come a long way from blackboards and chalk . 现在已远不是仅仅用黑板和粉笔教学的时代。(2010·常州)

challenge [ˈtʃælɪnʤ ] n. 挑战,决斗 vt. 向……挑战

拓  challenging a. 挑战的;引起挑战性兴趣的

challenger n. 挑战者

配  meet the challenge 迎接挑战;满足要求

例  One of the swans, a strong young male, took up the challenge . 一只年轻健壮的雄天鹅,迎接了挑战。(2010·常州)

But it was really a challenge to be a reporter. 做一名记者确实是一项挑战。(2009·厦门)

champion [ˈtʃæmpiən ] n. 冠军;拥护者

拓  championship n. 锦标赛;冠军称号

例  she became a skating champion when she was ten. 她十岁时成为了滑冰冠军。(2009·宁波)

chance [tʃɑːns ] n. 机会,可能性 vt. 偶然发生 vi. 碰巧

配  by chance 偶然;意外地

have a chance 有机会;有希望

take a chance 冒险

by any chance 万一

例  There is a good chance for you to go back to London, Mary. 玛丽,现在有个回伦敦的好机会。(2012·长沙)

If by any chance Peter comes to us, please ask him to leave a message. 如果万一彼得回来找我们,请让他留口信。(2012·武汉)

change [tʃeɪnʤ ] v. 改变,变化;更换,兑换 n. 变化;找回的零钱

拓  changeable a. 无常的;可改变的;易变的

配  changing room 试衣间

change in 在……方面改变

change from 变化

例  When the waitress returned with the change the lady was gone. 当服务员拿着零钱回来时,那位女士已经离开了。(2011·广州)

A drug can change the way your mind or body works. 毒品会改变你的意识或身体的机能。(2011·海南)

changeable [ˈtʃeɪnʤəbl ] a. 无常的,可改变的;易变的

构  change(v. 改变)+able(形容词后缀)

拓  changeably ad. 易变地,不稳定地,可变地

例  In England, the changeable weather is a topic which is much talked about. 在英国,变化无常的天气是一个谈论得很多的话题。

chant [tʃɑːnt ] n. 圣歌,赞美诗 v. 吟唱,颂扬

拓  sing v. 唱

例  There is a suggestion to make kids chant it at schools. 现在正有关于让孩子在学校唱圣歌的提议。

character [ˈkærəktə ] n. 性格,品质;特性;角色 vt. 印,刻;使具有特征

拓  characteristic a. 典型的;特有的 n. 特征,特色

配  main character 主要人物;主要角色

例  He will be remembered for his character and what he did as a baseball player. 人们记住了他的品质和他作为棒球运动员所做的一切。(2010·乌鲁木齐)

A man should not be judged by the color of his skin, but by the content of his character . 不应以肤色而是通过他的性格来判断一个人。(2009·烟台)

charity [ˈtʃærəti ] n. 慈善事业,慈善团体(常用复数[charities]);救济金,施舍物

配  in charity 出于恻隐之心

例  Taking part in charity is not just for grown-up people. 不是只有成年人才从事慈善活动。(2012·大连)

He didn't tell any of his friends and gave $100,000 of his money to a charity that helped poor children to live better lives. 他在一个朋友也没告诉的情况下,捐了十万美元给一个慈善团体,用来帮助改善贫困儿童的生活条件。(2011·上海)

cheap [tʃiːp ] a. 便宜的,廉价的

拓  cheaply ad. 便宜地;廉价地

cheapskate n. 小气鬼;吝啬鬼

例  If people only wear clothes to keep warm or to cover their bodies, most clothing will be simple and cheap . 如果服装只起到御寒蔽体的作用,大多数服装将是设计简单且便宜的。(2009·大连)

cheat [tʃiːt ] n. & v. 欺骗;作弊

拓  cheating a. 欺骗的 n. 行骗,欺骗行为

cheater n. 骗子;背叛者

配  cheat on vt. 对……不忠

例  Some students cheat because they're busy or lazy. 一些学生因忙碌或懒惰而考试舞弊。(2010·宜昌)

check [tʃek ] n. 检查;核对;〈美〉支票(同 cheque)v. 校对;核对;检查

拓  check-up n. 检查,体格检查

配  check in 酒店入住;(办理)登机(手续)

check out 退房

例  Check with the library for the dates, times, and places of the demonstrations. 请与图书馆核对集会的日期、时间和地点。(2009·大连)

“Wasn't my check any good?”“我的支票有问题吗?”(2009·宁夏)

checkout [ˈtʃekaʊt ] n. 检验;签出;结账台;检出

构  check(n. 检查;核对)+out(n. 外面)

配  checkout counter 收款台;收银台

checkout time 退房时间;检查时间

例  Finally he came to the checkout counter and reached into his pocket for his money. 最后他来到收银台,掏钱付款。(2011·河南)

cheer [tʃɪə(r),tʃɪr ] n. 振奋;喝彩 vi. 感到高兴;欢呼 vt. 使高兴;向……欢呼

拓  cheerful a. 快乐的;愉快的;高兴的

配  cheer up 使高兴;高兴起来;使振奋

cheer for 为……欢呼,喝彩;给……加油

例  It can bring you happiness and cheer you up when you are sad. 当你悲伤时,它能带给你快乐和鼓舞。(2011·宁波)

cheers [tʃɪəz ] n. 干杯;欢呼

例  The crowd burst into cheers . 人群中爆发出一片欢呼声。

cheese [tʃiːz ] n. 奶酪

拓  cheeseburger n. 夹干酪和碎牛肉的三明治, 放有干酪的肉饼

例  He used some cheese to trap the rat. 他用了些乳酪诱捕耗子。

chemistry [ˈkemɪstri ] n. 化学,化学药品(常用复数)

构  chemi(词根表示化学)+(s)try(名词后缀)

拓  chemist n. 化学家,药剂师

chemical a. 化学的 n. 化学制品,化学药品

例  Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to be the most difficult for me. 就我而言,化学是所有科目中最难学的。(2011·河北)

chess [tʃes ] n. 棋;国际象棋

拓  chessboard n. 棋盘

配  play chess 下棋 Chinese chess 象棋

例  My roommate often asks me to teach her to play chess . 我的室友经常叫我教她下棋。(2009·山西)

chest [tʃest ] n. 箱子;衣柜;胸部

配  chest pain 胸痛

on one's chest[口语]心中有事,郁积在心,有心事

play it /something close to the/one's chest 把某事藏在心中,对某事保守秘密

例  Another of Osti's inventions has a design of the company's trademark on the chest , which disappears when you breathe on it. Osti的另一个发明是服装胸口处的公司商标设计,如果你轻吹一口气,商标便会消失。(2008·泉州)

chicken [ˈtʃɪkɪn ] n. 小鸡;鸡肉

拓  chick n. 小鸡

配  fried chicken 炸鸡

例  How often do you have hamburgers or fried chicken ? 你多久吃一次汉堡和炸鸡?(2009·重庆)

child [tʃaɪld ](pl. children [ˈtʃɪldrən ]) n. 孩子,儿童

拓  childish adj 幼稚的,孩子气的

childhood n. 童年时期;幼年时代

配  only child 独生子女

例  No one in New York is going to let their child go to school without a cell phone. 纽约市民都让孩子带着手机上学。(2007·长沙)

China [ˈtʃaɪnə ] n. 中国

配  people's republic of China 中华人民共和国

communist party of China 中国共产党

例  I like traveling and I have traveled a lot around China . 我爱好旅游,已经去过了中国的很多地方。(2012·广州)

china [ˈtʃaɪnə ] n. 瓷器

例  Today,when we think of Western tea culture,we often think of the English and beautiful china tea cups. 现在,当我们想到西方的茶文化时,我们通常会联想起英国人和他们漂亮的瓷质茶杯。(2007·南京)

Chinese [tʃaɪˈniːz ] a. 中国的;中国人的;汉语的 n. 中国人;汉语,中文

配  overseas Chinese 华侨

例  He is good at treating flu (fever, cough etc.) in both traditional Chinese and western medicine ways. 他在中西医结合治疗流感方面(咳嗽发烧症状等)的经验丰富。(2012·广州)

chocolate [ˈtʃɒkələt ] n. 巧克力

例  The first chocolate was eaten by people in South America hundreds of years ago. 几百年前,南美人首次食用巧克力。(2006·南京)

choice [tʃɔɪs ] n. 选择,抉择

构  cho(ose)(vt. 选择,挑选)+ice(名词后缀)

拓  choose v. 选择,挑选

配  have no choice 没有选择的余地

make a choice 做出选择

例  I have no choice but to do it. 我别无选择,只能(这样)做。(2012·广州)

choose [tʃuːz ] vt. (chose,chosen)选择,挑选

拓  choice n. 选择

配  choose from 挑选,从……中选择

例  It took Mark over 45 minutes to choose his presents. 马克花了45分钟时间挑礼物。(2011·河南)

chopsticks [ˈtʃɒpstɪks ](pl. ) n. 筷子

构  chop(n. 砍)+stick(n. 棍,棒,条状物)

例  It's not polite pointing at anyone with chopsticks at the dinner table. 在餐桌上用筷子指着他人是不礼貌的。(2009·青岛)

chore [tʃɔː(r) ] n. 家庭杂务;日常的零星事务;讨厌的或累人的工作

拓  choreman n. 做短工的工人,打杂工

例  So how should we share the chore ? 我们该怎样分担这些家务呢?

Christmas [ˈkrɪsməs ] n. 圣诞节

构  Christ(n. [基督教]救世主(特指耶稣基督))+mas(词根表示弥撒)

配  merry Christmas 圣诞快乐

Father Christmas 圣诞老人

例  You can come to the show twice a year, in spring and at Christmas . 这个展览你可以一年来看两次,春天一次,圣诞一次。(2012·烟台)

church [tʃɜ:tʃ ] n. 教堂;教会

配  go to church(去教堂)做礼拜

例  It has a bar, a church , a shop and a small theater. 这里有一个酒吧、一个教堂、一个商店和小电影院。(2012·陕西)

cigarette [ˌsɪgəˈrət ] n. 香烟

拓  cigar n. 雪茄

例  Excuse me, could you please put out your cigarette ? 不好意思,请熄灭手里的烟头好吗?(2009·宁波)

cinema [ˈsɪnəmə ] n. 电影院;电影

配  go to the cinema 去看电影

at the cinema 在电影院

例  Excuse me! Could you tell me how to get to the cinema ? 打扰了,请问去电影院怎么走?(2005·宁夏)

circle [ˈsɜ:kl ] vt. 环绕 vi. 盘旋 n. 圈,环状物

配  business circle 商界,企业界

circle around 环绕四周

例  During the meal time, the group of people sat down in a circle and started to chat about what happened to the two mice. 用餐期间,这群人围坐在一起,开始谈论起那两只老鼠的遭遇。(2009·武汉)

citizen [ˈsɪtɪzn ] n. 公民;市民;老百姓

构  cit(y)(n. 城市)+zen(名词后缀)

拓  citizenship n. [法]公民身份;国籍;公民权

例  Creating happy citizens who have good social skills is seen as more important than high achievements at school or the needs of business. 培养出快乐的、有良好的社交技巧的公民比要求他们在校或在生意上表现优异更重要。(2012·北京)

city [ˈsɪti ] n. 市,城市

拓  city-born a. 出生于城市中的

city-bred a. 在城市长大的

例  The theme of the Expo 2010 is“Better City , Better Life.”2010世博会的主题是“城市,让生活更美好”。(2011·黄冈)

clap [klæp ] vt. 拍(手),鼓(掌) vi. 拍手,鼓掌 n. 拍手(声)

拓  clapper n. 拍手者

配  clap one's hands 拍手

a clap of thunder 一声霹雳

例  Everyone clapped and cheered. 大家都鼓掌欢呼起来。(2011·南京)

class [klɑːs ] n. (学校里的)班;课;阶级

拓  classmate n. 同班同学

配  in class 在课堂上;上课中

first class 头等,第一流;最高级

training class 培训班

例  I had the highest score in the class . 我在课上得了最高分。(2011·武汉)

classmate [ˈklɑːsmeɪt ] n. 同班同学

构  class(n. 班级)+mate(n. 伴侣)

例  One day, when I was playing football with my classmates on the playground,I fell down and hurt my legs badly. 一天,我和同学在球场踢足球,我摔倒了,腿也因此严重受伤。(2010·乌鲁木齐)

classroom [ˈklɑːsruːm ] n. 教室

构  class(n. 班级)+room(n. 房间)

例  How many students are there in the classroom ? 这个教室里有多少名学生?(2010·武汉)

clean [kliːn ] vt. 打扫,把……弄干净 vi. 打扫 a. 干净的

拓  cleaning n. 清洗;清除;去污

配  clean up 清理;大捞一笔

keep it clean 使不弄脏;使不失体统,使不粗野

例  It's our duty to keep our city clean . 保持城市卫生是我们的职责。(2009·重庆)

Senator Nelson needed to get support from Americans to clean up the earth. 纳尔逊参议员需要赢得美国人的支持来治理地球污染。(2009·青岛)

clear [klɪə ] a. 清晰的;清白的 vt. 清扫;清除

拓  clearly ad. 清楚地,无疑地

配  make clear 显示;解释清楚 clear of 清除,扫清

例  Instead of trying to deny your anger, make it clear to yourself and accept it. See your anger for what it is and quickly deal with it. 与其试图否认你在生气,不如先坦然接受。找到生气的原因,并解决它。(2009·河北)

Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and undisturbed life, too. 希望在不久的将来,人们可以再一次享受到美丽明净的天空,所有的野生动物也能过上平静和不受骚扰的生活。(2009·常州)

clearly [ˈklɪəli ] ad. 清楚明白地;无疑地;当然地

构  clear(a. 清晰的;清白的)+ly(副词词尾)

例  Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible. 向街对面望去,可以清楚看见那位坐在窗边的女人。(2008·武汉)

One day a man saw an old lady standing by her expensive car, clearly in need of help. 一天,一个人看见一位老妇人站在她昂贵的车旁,显而易见她需要帮助。(2011·广州)

clerk [klɑːk ] n. 职员,办事员;店员;书记;记账员

拓  clerical a. 书记的;牧师的;办事员的

配  bank clerk 银行办事人员

desk clerk 接待员,接待人员

sales clerk 售货员

office clerk 职员

例  She's a bank clerk , but she wants to be a policewoman. 她是一名银行职员,但是她想当警察。(2011·黄冈)

clever [ˈklevə ] a. 聪明的,伶俐的

拓  cleverly ad. 聪明地

例  Dolphins are a kind of clever animals. 海豚是一种聪明的动物。(2011·长春)

climb [klaɪm ] v. 爬,攀登

拓  climbing n. 攀登 climber n. 登山者

配  climb up 爬上去 climb mountains 爬山

例  Jordan has already climbed the highest mountains of six other continents. 乔丹已经登上了其余六大洲的最高峰。(2010·沈阳)

clock [klɒk ] n. (时)钟

拓  clockwise a. 顺时针方向的

配  alarm clock 闹钟

例  Our school day starts at 8 o'clock , but I usually get to school at about 7 o'clock . 上课的日子学校8点上课,但我通常大约7点到校。(2009·大连)

clone [kləʊn ] n. 克隆,(无性)繁殖 vt. 使无性繁殖,克隆

拓  cloning n. 克隆

例  English scientists have cloned a sheep by changing DNA. 英国科学家通过改变DNA的方式克隆出了一只绵羊。(2008·兰州)

close [kləʊs ] a. 亲密的;接近的

拓  closely ad. 紧密地;接近地;严密地;亲近地

配  pay close attention to 密切注意

close by 在附近;接近于;在……近旁

come close 接近

例  I never knew my grandfather, but now I feel very close to him. 我从来不了解我祖父,但现在我感到和他很亲密。(2012·苏州)

close [kləʊz ] vt. 关,关闭

拓  closed a. 关着的;不公开的

配  close down 关闭;停止播音

close up 关闭;愈合;靠近

例  The centre is closed every Tuesday. 中心每周二不开放。(2012·河北)

clothes [kləʊðz ] n. 衣服;各种衣物;(复数 clothes)

例  Some people sold used things such as bikes, toys, and clothes . 一些人卖二手货,比如自行车、玩具和衣服。(2012·武汉)

clothing [ˈkləʊðɪŋ ] n. (总称)衣服

配  clothing industry 服装工业;制衣业;缝纫业

例  Doing laundry correctly is important. You should first read the instructions on clothing , and then check the pockets of the clothes. 正确的干洗方式很重要。你要先阅读衣服上的洗涤说明,然后检查口袋是否有物品。(2011·长春)

cloud [klaʊd ] n. 云;阴影

拓  cloudy a. 多云的,阴天的

配  in the clouds 空想的;想象的

例  When you look at clouds , you will notice that there are many different kinds. Some clouds are high and thin, some are white and fluffy, and others look dark and heavy. 如果仔细观察天上的云,你会注意到它们有不同的形态。有的又高又细,有的白而蓬松,还有一些乌黑而浓重。(2011·厦门)

cloudy [ˈklaʊdi ] a. 多云的,阴天的

构  cloud (n. 云;阴影)+y(形容词后缀)

例  People often say they feel good when the sun is shining and sad when it is cloudy . 人们通常说阳光灿烂的时候心情不错,而阴天觉得忧郁。(2010·常州)

club [klʌb ] n. 俱乐部

配  health club 健身俱乐部

例  Then they take part in club activities or play sports. 他们参加俱乐部活动或做运动。(2009·重庆)

coach [kəʊtʃ ] n. (体育等)教练,指导;长途车 vt. 训练,指导

配  head coach 主教练;总教练

assistant coach 助理教练

例  One of his friends felt sorry for him and introduced him to a headmaster, whose school was just in need of swimming coach . 他的一个朋友为他感到可惜,于是把他介绍给了一位校长。学校正好需要一名游泳教练。(2011·深圳)

coal [kəʊl ] n. 煤,煤块

配  coal mining 煤矿开采 coal gas 煤气

例  The government introduced new laws to stop smog from coal fires and factories and the situation improved a lot. 政府颁布了新的法律,禁止燃煤企业和工厂排放烟雾,局面有了很大改善。(2012·盐城)

coast [kəʊst ] n. 海岸,海滨

拓  coastal 沿海的;海岸的

配  west coast 美国西海岸

along the coast 沿着海岸

例  Children aged 10 to 14 are invited to take part in the“Event of the Summer”at Sun Valley Amusement Park, the most popular amusement park on the East Coast . 10至14岁的少年被邀请参加太阳谷游乐场的夏日主题节,太阳谷是东海岸最受欢迎的游乐场。(2012·北京)

coat [kəʊt ] n. 上衣;外套 vt. 给……穿外套;涂上

拓  raincoat n. 雨衣

配  cut one's coat according to one's cloth 量体裁衣;量入为出;量力而行

例  Your coat looks very nice. 你的外套看起来很漂亮。(2011·黄冈)

cock [kɒk ] n. 公鸡;龙头

拓  cocky a. 自大的;过于自信的

配  fighting cock 斗鸡;好斗的人

cock up 把……弄得一团糟;竖起

例  The cock has crowed for the third time. 鸡唱三遍。

coffee [ˈkɒf ] n. 咖啡;咖啡豆;咖啡色

拓  café咖啡馆

配  coffee shop 咖啡店(等于coffee house)

black coffee 黑咖啡

coffee bar 咖啡馆

coffee bean 咖啡豆

instant coffee 速溶咖啡

例  Would you like some juice or coffee ? 想来点果汁还是咖啡?(2011·成都)

I'm sorry for breaking your coffee cup. 对不起,打碎了你的咖啡杯。(2011·厦门)

coin [kɔɪn ] n. 硬币

配  the other side of the coin 反面,反面意见

例  Why is he so important that he is featured on the back of a coin ? 为什么他如此重要,被印在硬币背面的显著位置?(2011·南京)

Every coin has two sides. 凡事都有两面性。

coke [kəʊk ] n. 可口可乐;可卡因

例  OK. Let's go and buy some coke . 好吧,我们去买可乐。(2008·泉州)

cold [kəʊld ] a. 冷的,寒冷的 n. 寒冷;感冒

拓  cold blooded a. 冷血的 coldhearted a. 冷酷无情的 coldly ad. 冷淡地;不友好地

配  catch a cold 感冒

cold war 冷战

bad cold 重感冒;重伤风

have a cold 感冒,受凉;患感冒

例  She's got a cold and feels tired. 她感冒了,感觉很疲惫无力。(2007·武汉)

Some frogs like the Common Wood Frog have a special ability to live in very cold places. 有些种类的青蛙比如俗树蛙,具备即便在非常寒冷的地区也能生存的特殊能力。(2012·温州)

collect [kəˈlekt ] v. 收集,采集

拓  collection n. 收藏品,收集物

配  collect call 对方付费电话

例  In Australia, the government has encouraged people to collect rainwater and recycle water from showers for a second use. 澳大利亚政府鼓励人们收集雨水或洗澡水进行二次利用。(2011·陕西)

college [ˈkɒlɪʤ ] n. (综合大学中的)学院;学会

配  in college 在大学

college student 大学生

college entrance examination 高考;大学入学考

例  A freshman is a first-year college student. 新生是指大学一年级的学生。(2012·苏州)

colour(美color) [ˈkʌlə ] n. 颜色 vt. 给……着色,涂色

拓  colourful a. 鲜艳的;生动的 colorless a. 无色的;不生动的

配  colour television 彩色电视

例  And her skin colour turned back to normal day by day. 她的肤色一天天回到正常样子。(2011·徐州)

colorful [ˈkʌləf ] a. 富有色彩的,颜色鲜艳的

构  color(n. 颜色)+ful(形容词词尾)

拓  colorless a. 无色的;不生动的

例  It is said that words cannot describe the beauty of the colourful corals. 据说,珊瑚的美无法用语言来形容。(2006·南京)

come [kʌm ] vi. (came,come)来,来到;出现;发生;变成;到达

拓  go vi. 走

配  come true 实现,成真;成为现实

come from 来自;出生于

come back 回来;记起;重新流行

come out 出现;出版;结果是

come into 进入;得到

come on 快点;跟着来

come in 进来

come up with 提出;想出;赶上

come down 下来,降落

come over 过来;顺便来访;抓住

come across 偶遇

例  In many ways these differences come from different educational ideas. 许多情况下,这些差异来源于教育理念的不同。(2006·南京)

After much work he and his brother Orville Wright made this dream come true. 通过许多努力之后,他和他的兄弟奥维尔·怀特终于梦想成真了。(2012·烟台)

comedy[ˈkɒmədi ] [复数comedies] n. 喜剧;喜剧性;有趣的事情

拓  tragedy n. 悲剧

配  Divine Comedy 神曲(意大利诗人但丁作的叙事诗)

例  I like action movies best, but I don't like comedies and documentaries. 我最喜欢动作片,不喜欢喜剧片和纪录片。(2009·厦门)

comfortable [ˈkʌmfətəbl ] a. 舒服的,安逸的;舒畅的

构  comfort(n. 舒服)+able(形容词词尾表示“可以,可能”)

拓  comfort n. 安慰;安慰者 vt. 安慰;使(痛苦等)缓和

例  He had a big smile, making me feel comfortable . 他大笑起来,让我感觉自在了些。(2010·武汉)

common [ˈkɒmən ] a. 共同的;普通的;一般的;通常的 n. 普通;平民;公有地

拓  commonly ad. 一般地;通常地;普通地

配  in common 共同的;共有的

in common with 与……一样

common sense (knowledge) 常识

例  “Havoc in Heaven”has become a common expression used by a parent or a boss when they return to the house or office and see a mess.“大闹天宫”成为父母回到家或老板回到办公室看到一片狼藉的常用语。(2010·大连)

Today the potato is one of the most common and popular foods in the world! 如今,土豆成为了全世界最常见和最受欢迎的食物之一。(2009·呼和浩特)

communicate [kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt ] v. 交际;传达(感情、信息等)

配  communicate with 沟通;通话

communicate in 用……语言沟通

例  Do you think you can communicate without words? 你认为你可以不借助语言进行沟通吗?(2009·上海)

The way in which we communicate with others can be greatly improved by building a better vocabulary. 我们与他人沟通的方式可以通过更多的词汇量得到很大的提高。(2011·常州)

communication [kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn ] n. 交际,交往;通讯,书信

构  communicat(e)(v. 交际;传达)+(t)ion(名词后缀)

配  communication with 与……交流;与……通讯

例  Just as in face-to-face communication , there are some basic rules of behavior(行为)that should be followed on the Internet. 就像当面交流一样,网上交流也需要遵守一些基本的行为规范。(2009·兰州)

company [ˈkʌmpəni ] n. 公司,商号;同伴 拓 firm n. 公司

配  limited company 有限公司;(英)股份有限公司(等于limited-liability company)

company with 奉陪;与……一起

keep sb. company 陪伴

例  He made her vice-president of the toy company . 他任命她为玩具公司的副总裁。(2011·乌鲁木齐)

compare [kəmˈpeə ] vt. 比较,对照 vi. 比较;相比

构  com(词根表示共同)+pare(词根表示相等)

拓  comparative a. 比较的;相当的

comparable a. 可比较的;比得上的

配  compare with 与……相比较

compare to 比拟,比作

例  Public transport, restaurants and hotel rooms all tend to be expensive compared to many other European countries. 公共交通、餐饮和酒店服务比起其他欧洲的许多国家来说显得昂贵一些。(2011·南京)

compete [kəmˈpiːt ] vi. 比赛,竞争

拓  competition n. 竞争;比赛,竞赛

competitor n. 竞争者,对手

配  compete with 与……比赛,与……竞争,与……对抗

例  In 1992, Jordan competed in the Barcelona Olympics and helped his team to win the gold medal for basketball. 1992年,乔丹出战巴塞罗那奥运会,并帮助他的队伍拿到了篮球项目的金牌。(2009·沈阳)

competition [ˌkɒmpɪˈtɪʃn ] n. 比赛,竞争

构  compet(e)(v. 竞争)+tion(名词词尾)

拓  competitive a. 竞争的;比赛的

例  Who's won the first prize in the competition ? 谁在竞赛中拿了一等奖?(2009·烟台)

complain [kəmˈpleɪn ] vi. 抱怨 诉苦 vt. 抱怨,诉苦

拓  complaint n. 抱怨;诉苦

配  complain about 抱怨 complain of 抱怨;抗议

例  Teenagers often complain that their parents do not understand them. 青少年经常抱怨父母不理解他们。(2011·海南)

complete [kəmˈpliːt ] a. 完整的,完全的 vt. 完成,使完整,使完美

拓  completely ad. 完全地,彻底地;完整地

例  Having many helpers makes a task easier and faster to complete . 有了许多的帮手,任务能很快地轻松完成。(2011·苏州)

composition [ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn ] n. 作文;作曲

构  compos(e)(v. 作曲)+(i)tion(名词词尾)

拓  composer n. 作曲家;作家,著作者;设计者

compose vi. 组成;作曲;排字

例  One day, his teacher asked him to write a composition about his dream. 一天,他的老师要他写一篇关于梦想的作文。(2009·海南)

computer [kəmˈpjuːtə ] n. 计算机,电脑

构  comput(e)(v. 计算,估计,用计算机计算)+er(名词后缀)

拓  computerized a. 电脑的;用电脑处理的

compute vi. 计算;估算

例  Email is a way of using your computer to send and receive messages. 电子邮件是一种利用电脑收发信息的方式。(2012·大连)

concentrate [ˈkɒnsəntreɪt ] vt. 集中,专心 vi. 集结,集中

拓  concentrated a. 集中的;浓缩的;全神贯注的

concentration n. 浓度;集中;专心

配  concentrate on 集中精力于;全神贯注于

例  We are deeply impressed that he still concentrates on his study even though he is blind. 尽管双目失明,他仍然专心学习,给我们留下了深刻印象。(2008·成都)

concert [ˈkɒnsət ] n. 音乐会,演奏会

配  concert hall 音乐厅

go to the concert 去听音乐会

例  What time will the concert begin? 音乐会什么时候开始?(2009·兰州)

condition [kənˈdɪʃn ] n. 环境;条件,状况

拓  airconditioner 空调

配  good condition 状态良好

例  Today, a fifty-year-old Barbie in good condition might cost more than twenty-seven thousand dollars. 现在,一个已经“50岁”的完好的芭比娃娃可能值两万七千美元。(2009·福州)

conference [ˈkɒnfərəns ] n. (正式的)会议;讨论会;协商讨论

配  conference room 会议室,会议厅

例  The APEC conferences were held successfully in Shanghai. APEC 会议在上海成功召开。(2011·上海)

connect [kəˈnekt ] vt. 连接;把……与……联系起来

拓  connection n. 连接物;联系

connected a. 连接的;有联系的

配  connect with 连接;与……联系

例  Cell phones connect children with their families when they are outside. 手机可以使孩子们在外面也能和家人联系。(2007·长沙)

Many televisions can connect to the Internet and record programs. 许多电视机可以连接互联网和录制电视节目了。(2012·河北)

consider [kənˈsɪdə ] vt. 考虑;认为;细想 vi. 考虑;认为;细想

拓  considerable a. 相当大的;重要的,值得考虑的

considered a. 经过深思熟虑的;被尊重的

consideration n. 考虑;关心

配  consider as 认为(把……看作)

consider doing sth. 考虑做某事

例  I was quite surprised, because I don't consider myself a pushy parent. 我很惊讶,因为我不认为自己是那种望子成龙心切的家长。(2012·北京)

But there are problems that should be considered . 但是有些问题必须考虑。(2011·扬州)

contest [kənˈtest ] n. 竞赛 比赛

构  con(词根表示共同)+test(来自拉丁词testari作证,“相互作证”转为“比赛”)

拓  contestant n. 竞争者;争辩者

配  speech contest 演讲比赛

例  Mei will represent our class in the English Speech Contest . 梅将代表我们班参加英语演讲比赛。(2011·黄冈)

continue [kənˈtɪnjʊ ] vi. 继续 vt. 使继续

拓  continued a. 继续的;持久的

配  continue to do 继续做某事

continue doing 一直做(同一件事)

to be continued 未完待续

例  After saying goodbye, the lady continued down the road until she reached a small café where she decided to stop for something to eat. 道别后,这位女士继续走到一家咖啡馆,决定吃点东西。(2011·广州)

control [kənˈtrəʊl ] vt. & n. 控制,支配

拓  controllable a. 可操纵的,可控制的

配  under control 处于控制之下;情况正常

out of control 失去控制

例  It is important for parents to understand how their use of control must change as their children grow older. 对于父母而言很重要的是要认识到,随着孩子的长大,父母对于孩子的控制也应该要随之改变。(2011·宜昌)

How you feel is controlled by many things. 你的感受如何,是由许多事情支配的。(2010·常州)

conversation [ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn ] n. 谈话,交谈,会话

构  convers(e)(vi. 谈话,交谈)+(a)tion(名词词尾)

拓  conversational a. 对话的;健谈的

配  get/enter into conversation with 和……攀谈

have/hold a conversation with 和……交谈

例  However, he could hear clearly the conversation between his mother and the teacher. 可是,他能很清楚地听到他母亲和老师的谈话。(2009·黄冈)

The courses include grammar, written English, conversation and listening skills. 课程包括语法、英语写作、口语和听力。(2012·长沙)

convincing [kənˈvɪnsɪŋ ] a. 令人信服的,有说服力的

构  convinc(e)(vt. 使信服,使确信)+ing(分词)

拓  convinced a. 确信的;深信的

convince vt. 说服;使确信,使信服

配  convincing evidence 令人信服的证据

例  But I am not persuaded that he, or anybody else, offers convincing answers. 但我不相信,他或其他任何人能够给出令人信服的答案。

cook [kʊk ] n. 炊事员,厨师 vt. 烹调,做饭

拓  cooking a. & n. 烹调用的,烹饪 cooker n. 炊具

配  dry cook 干蒸 over cook 过煮,糊煮

例  She was good at cooking . 她擅长烹饪。(2012·温州)

We had to wash dishes, make beds, and learn to cook and all sorts of things at home. 我们不得不学着洗碗、铺床、做饭以及其他家务事。(2011·黄冈)

cooker [ˈkʊkə ] n. 炊具

构  cook(vt. 烹调,做饭)+er(名词后缀)

例  The cooker was electric. 这个炊具是用电的。

cool [kuːl ] a. 凉的,凉爽的 vt. 使……冷却;使……平静下来 vi. 变凉;平息

拓  cool-headed a. 头脑冷静的

配  stay cool 保持冷静 so cool 真酷

cool down 冷却;平静下来

例  He looks cool with curly hair. 他留卷发看起来挺酷。(2012·长沙)

Cool water and clean air always make him happy. 凉爽的水和洁净的空气让他很快乐。(2011·吉林)

copy [ˈkɒpi ] n. 抄本,副本 vt. 复印;〈计算机〉拷(备份盘)

拓  copying n. 复制;誊写 copyist n. 抄写员;抄袭者

配  a copy of 一份,一本

copy from vt. 临摹;仿效

copy down 抄下来,记下来

例  You can copy them or write down the most important facts of all in class. 你可以复印或手抄课上的重点。(2012·大连)

corner [ˈkɔːnə ] n. 角落;(街道)拐角

配  in the corner 在角落;在角落里;在拐角内

around the corner 在拐角处;即将来临

at the corner 在拐角处(外)

例  He put ten mantou in the corner of a room and then locked the student in it. 他将十个馒头放在房间的角落,然后将学生锁在房间里。(2011·山西)

I went to the English Corner and spoke English as much as possible. 我去了英语角,尽可能多练习英语。(2010·兰州)

correct [kəˈrekt ] vt. 改正,纠正 a. 正确的,对的

拓  corrected a. 修正的;校正的

配  correct errors 改正错误

correct sb. for sth. 因某事而惩戒某人

例  At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended. 同时,如果你错了,一定要改正,并向你冒犯过的人道歉。(2009·兰州)

Which is the correct way to act in an earthquake? 哪些是应对地震时的正确方式?(2009·宁夏)

cost [kɒst ] n. 价格;成本 vt. (cost,cost)价钱为……;使付出(代价)

拓  costly a. 昂贵的;代价高的

配  at the cost of 以……为代价

例  Tickets are a little dear—they cost thirty yuan each. 票有点贵——每张30元。(2009·扬州)

How much does it cost to build the school library? 建学校图书馆需要多少费用?(2007·南京)

cotton [ˈkɒtn ] n. 棉花 a. 棉花的

配  cotton cloth 棉布

例  It's made of cotton . 这是由棉花制成的。(2008·泉州)

cough [kɒf ] n. & vi. 咳嗽

配  cough out/up 咳出;强迫交出,勉强说出,供出

例  In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public. 事实上,我们应该注意不要在公共场合咳嗽或打喷嚏。(2009·黄冈)

could [kʊd, kəd ] v. aux. (can的过去式)能,能够;(表示许可或请求)可以……

配  could be 可能是;有可能

could have 本能够;本来也可以

could have done 本来能做成的(却没做成)

could not help 禁不住,忍不住

例  Well, I'd be glad if you could find me another book. 嗯,你要是能帮我再找本书,我会很开心的。(2009·烟台)

Excuse me, could you tell me where I can buy the book about aliens? 不好意思,请问您能告诉我在哪里可以买到关于外星人的书吗?(2009·宁波)

count [kaʊnt ] v. 数,点数;计算

拓  countable a. 可计算的 countless a. 无数的,数不尽的

配  count on 指望;依靠

count for 有价值,有重要性

count in 把……计算在内

count as 视为;算是;看成

例  I shall count up to ten and then we can begin. 我数到十然后我们就开始。

Please count me in on this project. 请把我也算入这项计划的参加者。

country [ˈkʌntri ] n. 国家;农村,乡下

拓  countryside n. 乡下地方,乡下居民

配  developing country 发展中国家

developed country n. 发达国家

across the country 遍布全国;祖国各地

all over the country 遍及全国

例  He was so well-known for his wide knowledge of almost everything that lots of people from all over the country came to learn things from him. 他因博学无所不知而声名大振以至于人们从四面八方来向他请教。(2005·宁夏)

countryside [ˈkʌntrisaɪd ] n. 乡下,农村地区

构  country(a. 乡下的, 乡村的)+side(n. 边)

例  And then in the Art Room, we saw many pictures of the countryside . 在美术室,我们见到了许多农村画。(2012·陕西)

couple [ˈkʌpl ] n. 夫妇;一对,一双

拓  coupled a. 连结的,联系的

配  a couple of 三两个……;一对……

couple with 与……相结合,伴随

例  A young couple viewing the paintings ahead of me chatted nonstop between themselves. 一对在我前面观画的年轻夫妇一直不停地聊着什么。(2012·武汉)

A couple of years ago, I went to Australia for a meeting with my friend, Chris. 几年前,我和我朋友克里斯去过澳大利亚开会。(2011·贵阳)

courage [ˈkʌrɪʤ ] n. 勇气;胆量

拓  courageous a. 有胆量的,勇敢的

配  take courage 鼓起勇气

have the courage to 有勇气去

keep up one's courage 不泄气,不丧胆,不气馁

lose courage 丧失勇气

例  Sometimes it requires courage to tell the truth. 有时候需要勇气讲真话。(2012·无锡)

Her mother said,“Don't be afraid, honey. Take courage !”她的妈妈说:“宝贝,不要害怕,要勇敢!”(2010·武汉)

course [kɔːs ] n. 过程;经过;课程

配  of course 一定,当然

in the course of 在……过程中;在……期间

main course 主菜;主要课程

例  Of course , I'm lucky enough. 当然,我够幸运。(2010·海南)

It reminds you of the course of history. 它使你回忆起历史的进程。(2010·昆明)

cousin [ˈkʌzn ] n. 堂(表)兄弟,堂(表)姐妹

拓  cousin-in-law n. 表姐[妹]夫,表嫂,表弟媳,堂姐[妹]夫,堂嫂,堂弟媳

配  call cousins with 攀亲戚;称兄道弟

例  How far is your cousin 's home from here? 你表哥的家离这里有多远?(2009·重庆)

cover [ˈkʌvə ] n. 盖子 vt. 覆盖,遮盖

拓  covered a. 隐蔽着的,有屋顶的

covering n. 遮盖物

配  under cover 隐藏着;秘密地

cover up 掩盖,盖住 cover with 覆盖

例  Rainforests cover six per cent of the Earth's surface. 热带雨林的面积占地球面积的6%。(2012·盐城)

The magazine must be Lily's, for we can find her name on the cover . 杂志一定是丽莉的,因为我们可以看到封面上的名字。(2011·青岛)

cow [kaʊ ] n. 母牛,奶牛

拓  cowboy n. 〈美〉牛仔,牧童,美国西部牧人

例  A cow has six stomachs. 牛有六个胃。(2009·烟台市)

cowboy [ˈkaʊbɔɪ ] n. 牛仔;莽撞的人

构  cow(n. 母牛,奶牛)+boy(n. 男孩)

拓  cowgirl n. 女牛仔

例  One day a strong cowboy was traveling on his horse when he saw a bar. 一天,一个强壮的牛仔骑着马旅行,这时他看见了一个酒吧。(2011·长春)

crayon [ˈkreɪən ] n. 蜡笔,有色粉笔 vt. 以蜡笔作画,用颜色粉笔画

配  colored crayon 色粉笔

marking crayon 标记色笔

wax crayon 蜡笔

例  He coloured the picture with crayon . 他用蜡笔给画上色。

crazy [ˈkreɪzi ] a. 疯狂的;狂热的,着迷的

拓  crazily ad. 发狂地;狂热地

craziness n. 愚蠢;狂热;摇摇晃晃

配  crazy about 热衷,着迷;狂热的

go crazy 发疯;疯狂

be crazy for 渴望;对……疯狂

例  Young readers are crazy about Guo Jingming's books. 年轻人对郭敬明的作品十分着迷。(2011·盐城)

I have forgiven him, but I am angry with the phone company as they are encouraging this crazy behaviour. 我已经原谅他了,但是对于电话公司纵容这种疯狂的行为感到十分生气。(2009·佛山)

cream [kriːm ] n. 奶油,乳脂;精华;面霜;乳酪

配  ice cream 冰淇淋

例  The English usually make tea in tea-port and drink it with cream and sugar. 英国人经常用茶壶来煮茶,并加糖加奶。(2009·辽宁省)

create [kriˈeɪt ] vt. 创造,创作;产生

拓  creative a. 创造性的

creation n. 创造,创作;创作物,产物

例  The energy can be used to heat water, produce electricity, and even create fresh air for the home. 能源可以烧水、发电甚至为家制造新鲜空气。(2011·沈阳)

Create your own life and then go out and live it. 创造属于自己的生活,迈出脚步,去享受生活。(2011·河北)

creature [ˈkriːtʃə ] n. 动物,生物;人;创造物

构  creat(e)(v. 创造)+ure(名词后缀)

例  Actually snakes are very shy and gentle creatures . 事实上蛇是很害羞而且温和的动物。(2012·苏州)

crop [krɒp ] n. 产量;农作物;庄稼 vt. 种植;收割 vi. 收获

配  in crop 在耕种, 种有庄稼

out of crop 未耕种

under crop 在耕种, 种有庄稼

poor crop 歉收

例  The land is out of crop . 这块土地未种庄稼。

cross [krɔːs ] n. 交叉,十字 vi. 交叉;横过 vt. 越过,穿过 a. 易怒的;交叉的

拓  cross-country a. 横穿全国的,越野的

cross-cultural a. 跨文化的

crossing n. 十字路口;杂交;横渡;横道

配  red cross 红十字会

cross over 横渡;压步;交叉点

例  This signal means you can cross the street along with pedestrians. 这个标志意味着你可以与行人一起过马路。(2011·常州)

The recitation was kind of boring and I liked the cross talk better. 背诵有些枯燥,我更喜欢互动的对话。(2011·上海)

crossing [ˈkrɔːsɪŋ ] n. 十字路口 v. 横越(cross的现在分词)

构  cross(vi. 交叉;横过;vt. 越过,穿过)+ing(名词后缀)

例  Walk along this road and turn right at the second crossing .沿着这条路向前走,在第二个十字路口右拐。(2009·哈尔滨)

crossroad [ˈkrɔːsrəʊd ] n. 十字路口;交叉路;岔道

构  cross(a. 交叉的)+road(n. 道路)

配  at the crossroads 在十字路口

例  If there are pedestrians or vehicles in or near the crossroad , you must stop. 如果有行人或机动车在十字路口或其附近,你必须停车。(2011·常州)

crowd [kraʊd ] n. 群众,一伙;一堆;大众 vt. 挤满,将……塞进 vi. 挤,拥挤,聚集

拓  crowded a. 拥挤的;塞满的

配  a crowd of 一大群;许多的

crowd into 涌入;挤入

例  The king looked at Ling and then said loudly to the crowd . 国王看了玲一眼,然后大声对着人群说话。(2009·大连)

I think there must be a big crowd of people there. 我想一定有很多人在那里。(2011·哈尔滨)

crowded [ˈkraʊdɪd ] a. 拥挤的;塞满的构 crowd(vi. 挤,拥挤,聚集)+ed(分词)

例  However, the subway is expensive and can be very crowded during rush hour. 然而,地铁出行昂贵而且在高峰期可能很拥挤。(2011·贵阳)

cruel [ˈkruːəl ] a. 残忍的,残酷的,无情的

拓  cruelly ad. 残酷地;非常

cruelty n. 残酷;残酷的行为

例  In western culture, the cat is often used to describe a women who is cruel . 在西方文化中,猫经常用来形容残忍的女人。(2011·黄冈)

cruelty[ˈkruːəlti] [复数 cruelties ] n. 残酷;残忍;残酷的行为

构  cruel(a. 残忍的)+ty(名词后缀)

例  We must all fight against unfairness and cruelty . 我们大家必须与不公正和残暴作斗争。

cry [kraɪ ] n. 叫喊;哭声 v. 喊叫;哭

拓  crying a. 叫喊的,显著的,嚎哭的

配  cry for 迫切需要;恳求;吵着要

cry out 大声呼喊;大声抱怨

例  I started to cry and told her the truth. 我开始哭泣,告诉她真相。(2010·常州)

There came a cry for help from the river, and it attracted my attention. 从河里传来的呼救声引起了我的注意。(2011·乌鲁木齐)

cultural [ˈkʌltʃərəl ] a. 文化的;教养的

构  cultur(e)(n. 文化)+al(形容词后缀)

拓  culture n. 文化

culturally ad. 从文化角度,文化意义上

配  cultural background 文化背景

例  This is because of cultural differences between Japanese and Western society. 这是因为日本和西方社会的文化差异造成的。(2011·无锡)

Many students go on cultural exchange trips. 许多学生踏上文化交流的旅程。(2010·桂林)

cup [kʌp ] n. 杯子;奖杯;酒杯

配  world cup n. 世界杯 a cup of 一杯……

cup of tea n. 命运;心爱之人或物

例  Mum, please take a rest and have a cup of tea. 妈妈,请休息下,喝杯茶。(2010·海南)

Going to South Africa for the World Cup makes me excited,for I am a football fan.去南非看世界杯让我十分兴奋,因为我是一个足球迷。(2010·昆明)

curly [ˈkɜ:li ] a. 卷曲的;卷毛的

拓  curl n. 卷曲;卷发

配  curly hair 卷发

例  The boy with curly hair is my new classmate Tom. 那个卷发的男孩是我的新同学汤姆。(2009·青海)

custom [ˈkʌstəm ] n. 习惯;风俗;海关

拓  customary a. 习惯的;通常的

customized a. 定制的;用户化的

例  It's a traditional custom in China. 这是中国的传统习俗。(2010·桂林)

customer [ˈkʌstəmə ] n. 顾客,主顾

构  custom(v. 经常光顾)+er(名词后缀表示人)

配  regular customer 常客

例  Gloria has always remembered the pride she felt in having helped her customer . 格洛里亚一直记得她在帮助了顾客后感到多么自豪。(2008·南京)

cut [kʌt ] v. (cut,cut) 切,割 n. 切,剪,割

配  cut off 切断;剥夺继承权

cut down 削减;砍倒

cut in 插嘴;超车

cut into 打断;侵犯

cut out 切断;关掉

例  Sometimes, ancient techniques can also help cut down energy use. 有时,古老的技术也能缩减能源消耗。(2011·沈阳)

Then people started to cut down trees, and they built more houses. 随后人们开始砍伐树木,建造更多的房屋。(2011·长沙)

cute [kjuːt ] a. 可爱的;漂亮的;聪明的,伶俐的

拓  cutely ad. 精明地,伶俐地

例  The Smiths have a cute girl,and she is the apple of their eye.史密斯夫妇有一个可爱的女儿,被视作掌上明珠。(2010·昆明)

cycle [ˈsaɪkl ] n. 循环;周期;自行车 vt. 使循环;使轮转 vi. 循环;骑自行车;轮转

拓  cycling n. 骑脚踏车消遣;骑脚踏车兜风

配  life cycle 寿命周期;生存期

cycle time 周期;循环时间

例  Some cities now have special bicycle paths and many people cycle to work. 一些城市已经有了自行车专行道,许多人骑自行车上班。(2012·盐城)


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