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初中英语必考2000词 D dad→DVD

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2022年05月18日

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初中英语必考2000词 D dad→DVD

dad [dæd ]=daddy n. 爸爸

拓  daddy n. 爸爸 father n. 父亲 mum n. 妈妈

例  Kate and I are going to the concert this weekend.Dad will take us there.我和凯特打算这周末去听音乐会,爸爸会带着我们去那里。(2011·丽水)

daily [ˈdeɪli ] a. 每天的;日常的 ad. 每天 n. 日报

构  da(y)(n. 天,日子)+(i)ly(形容词、副词后缀表示“每……”)

拓  everyday a. 每天的

配  daily routine 日常工作;每天的例行公事

例  Computers are used widely in our daily life. 计算机在日常生活中得到广泛应用。(2011·宜宾)

I read China Daily every day. 我每天读《中国日报》。(2011·泰安)

dance [dɑːns ] n. & vi. 跳舞,舞蹈

拓  dancer n. 舞者

配  dance with 与……共舞

例  Would you like to dance with me? 你愿意和我跳舞吗?(2011·江津)

Instead of wasting time being alone,go out to dance and sing together with others to develop friendship. 与其独自一人浪费时间,不如和其他人出去跳跳舞,唱唱歌,增进一下友谊。(2010·哈尔滨)

danger [ˈdeɪnʤə ] n. 危险

拓  dangerous a. 危险的 safety n. 安全

配  in danger 在危险中

out of danger 脱离危险

run the danger of 冒……的危险

例  Keep off the drugs, or you and your family will be in great danger ? 远离毒品,否则你和你的家人将会很危险。(2011·兰州)

Thanks to the doctors, the most beautiful teacher Zhang Lili is out of danger . 多亏了医生,最美老师张丽莉脱离了生命危险。(2012·宜昌)

dangerous [ˈdeɪnʤərəs ] a. 危险的,不安全的

构  danger(n. 危险)+ous(形容词后缀)

拓  dangerously ad. 危险地

例  How dangerous ! She was driving the car with one hand and holding an ice cream with the other. 多危险啊!她一只手驾车而另一只手拿着冰淇淋。(2011·广州)

dare [deə ] vt. & v. aux. (后接不带to的不定式;主要用于疑问、否定或条件句)敢,敢于

拓  daring a. 大胆的

配  I dare say [作插入语用]我想,大概,可能,或许

例  All the rest of the afternoon, I didn't dare to look at Father. 接下去整个下午我都不敢看父亲。(2011·河南)

Jessie hurried to the other side of the road, though few people dared cross such a busy road. 杰西匆忙走到马路对面,尽管很少有人敢穿过这么繁华热闹的马路。(2007·北京)

dark [dɑːk ] n. 黑暗,暗处 a. 黑暗的,暗的

拓  darkness n. 黑暗,漆黑

配  in the dark 在暗处,秘密,暗中

keep/leave sb. in the dark 不让某人知道

dark horse 黑马(比赛中出人意料得胜的马)

例  Some animals can even see things clearly in the dark . 一些动物甚至在黑暗中看事物都能看得很清楚。(2012·广东)

Would you mind turning on the light? It's too dark here. 这里太黑了,你介意把灯打开吗?(2011·襄阳)

date [deɪt ] n. 日期;约会;枣

拓  dated a. 有日期的

dating a. 介绍约会的,婚介的

配  be/go out of date 过时

date back to 可追溯到

例  We all know when young people are out on a date these days, they spend most of that time answering their mobile phones. 我们都知道,现在年轻人出去约会的时候,他们大部分时间都在接电话。(2012·苏州)

The fish smells bad! It must be out of date ! 鱼闻起来很糟糕,一定是过期了。(2011·淄博)

daughter [ˈdɔːtə ] n. 女儿

拓  daughter-in-law n. 儿媳妇

例  He didn't want to see the same thing happen to his daughter . 他不想看到同样的事情发生在她女儿身上。(2012·陕西)

day [deɪ ] n. (一)天,(一)日;白天

拓  daylight n. 白天 daytime n. 白天

配  day after day 日复一日(=day by day)

day after night 日以继夜

day and night (=night and day)日夜,昼夜,整天

the other day 前几天

例  Today is the happiest day in my life, because I won the first prize in the competition. 今天是我人生中最高兴的一天,因为我在竞赛中获了一等奖。(2011·安顺)

dead [ded ] a. 死的,无生命的

拓  deadly a. 致命的

配  in the dead of night 在夜深人静时

in the dead of winter 在隆冬

例  Frankenstein is one of the world's most famous horror stories. It's about a doctor who creates a new man from the body parts of dead people and brings it to life. 《弗兰肯斯坦》是世界上最著名的恐怖小说之一,讲述了一个医生的故事,他用不同死人的身体部件创造了一个新人并给予它生命。(2011·广州)

deaf [def ] a. 聋的

拓  deaf-aid n. 助听器

配  deaf and dumb 聋哑的

turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻

例  At the age of seven, she went to a school for the deaf and dumb. 七岁时,她去聋哑学校上学。(2009·呼和浩特)

deal [diːl ] n. 数量;交易 vi. (dealt,dealt) 处理;涉及

拓  dealer n. 经销商,商人 dealing n. 行为,交易

配  deal with 应付,对付;处理;做生意

That's a deal.= It's a deal. 就这么办,一言为定

a great deal of 很多的,大量的

例  Your body can help your mind deal with stress. 你的身体可以帮助你的头脑来应对压力。(2012·济南)

He put a great deal of his heart into the project and the next day he handed it in to his teacher. 他花了好大心血把报告完成,第二天交给了老师。(2011·杭州)

dear [dɪə ]int. (表示惊愕等)哎呀!唷!a. 亲爱的;贵的

拓  dearly ad. 深爱地,非常地 costly a. 昂贵的 expensive a. 昂贵的

配  Dear me!= Oh, dear!哎呀!好家伙!(表示同情、焦急、惊讶)

例  Dear students, please read every sentence carefully. 亲爱的同学们,请仔细阅读每一句话。(2011·邵阳)

The new kind of car is much too dear , I don't have too much money. 这种新车太贵了,我没有足够的钱。(2011·安顺)

death [deθ ] n. 死,死亡

构  d(i)e(v. 死)+(a)th(名词后缀表示“动作”或“该动作的对应物体)

拓  deathblow n. 致命的一击 deathless a. 不死的,永恒的 deathly ad. 死一样地 a. 致死的

配  to death 到无法容忍的程度;极度地

例  Texting while driving or walking can cause injuries and even death . 开车或走路的时候发短信可能会导致受伤甚至死亡。(2011·温州)

December [dɪˈsembə ] n. 12月(缩写Dec.)

配  December bonus 年终奖金

例  More and more young people In China celebrate on Christmas Day December 25th . 越来越多的中国年轻人在12月25日庆祝圣诞节。(2011·湘潭)

decide [dɪˈsaɪd ] v. 决定,下决心

构  de(前缀表示离开)+cide(表示切)

拓  decider n. 决定者,裁决者

decided a. 确定的,坚决的

determine v. 决定

配  decide on/upon 对……作出决定

例  Both of the two story books are very interesting, so I can't decide which one to choose. 两本故事书都很有趣,因此我不能决定选哪一本。(2011·菏泽)

I won't decide on the place until the end of this month. 我要这个月底才能决定地点。(2012·宜昌)

decision [dɪˈsɪʒn ] n. 决定,决心

构  deci(de)(v. 决定)+sion(名词后缀)

拓  decisive a. 决定性的

配  make (come to/arrive at/reach/take) a decision 作决定

例  It will be two days before the decision is made. 在下决心之前,将有两天的时间。(2011·包头)

deep [diːp ] a. 深的 ad. 深,深厚

拓  deeply ad. 深深地 deepen v. 加深,深化

depth n. 深,深度

配  deep down 在内心深处;根本上

例  Between the two hills is a deep river. 一条很深的河在两山之间。(2012·烟台)

deer [dɪə ] n. 鹿

拓  doe n. 雌鹿

例  The Taiwan spotted deer , Fan Xing and Dian Dian, were sent to the Chinese mainland on April 16, 2011. 台湾梅花鹿“繁星”和“点点”在2011年4月16日被送到中国大陆。(2011·滨州)

degree [dɪˈgriː ] n. 程度;度数;学位

配  to some degree/to a large degree/ to a certain degree 在一定/很大/某种程度上

例  In Finland, in winter it is sometimes 40 degrees below zero. 在芬兰,冬天气温有时会达到零下40度。(2011·昆明)

A beautiful girl with a master's degree went through a lot of challenges and her name was on the list. 一位漂亮的小姐,硕士毕业,经历了诸多考验之后最终进了入选名单。(2009·宁波)

delicious [dɪˈlɪʃəs ] a. 美味的,可口的

拓  tasty a. 美味的,可口的

例  They said the food I cooked was very delicious and they want to stay in my house again. 他们说我烧的菜很美味,他们想再来我家。(2012·温州)

dentist [ˈdentɪst ] n. 牙科医生

构  dent(词根表示牙)+ist(名词后缀表示人)

拓  dental a. 牙齿的,牙科的

例  Dr. Liu, one of the best dentists in Guangdong General Hospital, has great skills in fixing bad teeth and communicating with kids to win their trust. 刘医生是广东省人民医院最好的牙科医生之一,她擅长整牙并且善于和孩子们交流并赢得他们的信任。(2012·广州)

depend [dɪˈpend ] vi. 依靠,指望;取决于

拓  dependent a. 依靠的,依赖的 dependable a. 可靠的 dependence n. 依靠,信任

配  depend on/upon 依靠,依赖

例  If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend on ourselves 如果我们的父母为我们孩子做一切事情的话,我们将不会学会依靠我们自己的。(2011·十堰)

describe [dɪˈskraɪb ] vt. 描写,叙述;形容

构  de(前缀表示下)+scribe(后缀表示写)→

describe(描写,叙述;形容)

拓  description n. 描述,描写;形容

配  describe as 描述为

例  Many of his films describe the poor life and hard time of the working people during that period. 他的很多电影描述的是那个时期劳动人民的贫苦生活和艰苦岁月。(2011·安徽)

desert [dezət ] n. 沙漠,荒漠

拓  dessert n. 甜点

例  The animals are useful to the desert people in many ways.The desert people eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals.对于沙漠居民来说,动物在很多方面对他们都很有用。沙漠居民吃动物的肉,喝动物的奶。(2010·呼和浩特)

desk [desk ] n. 书桌,办公桌,写字台

拓  deskmate n. 同桌

例  There is a pencil on the desk . 桌子上有一支铅笔。(2011·梧州)

dessert [dɪˈzɜ:t ] n. 甜点

拓  appetier n. 开胃菜 soup n. 汤 entrée n. 主菜 main course 主菜

例  Don't eat desserts full of sugar. 不要吃富含糖的甜点。(2012·苏州)

develop [dɪˈveləp ] vi. 发展;生长;开发 vt. 开发(资源等);冲洗(照片)

构  de(动词前缀表离开)+velop(词根表包囊)

拓  developer n. 开发者 developing a. 发展中的

配  develop oneself to 献身于

例  Most students think they should have more time and energy to develop their own interests. 大部分的学生认为他们应该有更多的时间和精力来发展自己的兴趣。(2011·济宁)

He wanted to send documents to other scientists, so he developed the World Wide Web. 他想给其他科学家发送文件,于是研发了万维网。(2012·大连)

Dr. Yang has developed a new treatment to help patients give up drinking. 杨医生已经研制出帮助患者戒酒的新疗法。(2012·广州)

development [dɪˈveləpmənt ] n. 发展;发育;开发

构  develop(v. 发展;生长;开发)+ment(名词后缀)

配  be under development 在发展中

例  Shenzhen's fast development has made it become China's most crowded city! 深圳的快速发展已经使它成为中国最拥挤的城市。(2012·深圳)

Therefore, the researchers say, it may be good for brain development in young people. 因此,研究者说,这可能对年轻人的大脑发育有好处。(2011·淄博)

dialogue [ˈdaɪəlɔːg ](美 dialog) n. 对话

构  dia-(前缀表示在……之间;隔开)+logue(词根表示谈话)

拓  conversation n. 会话, 交谈

例  Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear. 根据你听到的对话和问题,选出最恰当的答案。(2011·上海)

diary [ˈdaɪəri ] n. 日记

配  keep a diary 记日记

例  These days, a Chinese girl's travel diary has become a hit online. 日前,一位中国女孩的旅游日志风靡网络。(2011·舟山)

dictionary [ˈdɪkʃənri ] n. 词典,字典 构 diction(n. 措辞)+ary(名词后缀)

配  consult a dictionary 查字典

例  You'd better not always look up the new words in the dictionary while reading. Sometimes we need to guess. 你最好不要总是用字典查新词,有时候我们需要猜单词的意思。(2010·滨州)

die [daɪ ] vi. 死;(草木)枯萎 vt. (后接同源名词)遭受(某种形式的死亡)

拓  dying a. 垂死的,临终的 live v. 活着

配  die from 因某事而死

die of 死于

die out 灭绝,逐渐消失

例  Steve Jobs was born in 1955 and died last year. 史蒂夫·乔布斯1955年出生,于去年去世了。(2012·衢州)

Sea turtles always get lost and die from tiredness. 海龟经常迷路,死于疲劳。(2009·常州)

difference [ˈdɪfrəns ] n. 不同(之处),差别

构  differ(v. 不同)+ence(名词后缀)

拓  similarity n. 相同,相似(之处)

配  make a difference/make a great difference/make a great deal of difference 有很大差别, 有很大不同

make no difference 没有差别,毫无影响

例  So what's the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web? 那么因特网和万维网的区别在哪里呢?(2012·大连)

We have all been gifted with the ability to make a difference . 我们都拥有创造非凡的天赋。(2012·盐城)

different [ˈdɪfrənt ] a. 不同的,有差异的

构  differ(v. 不同)+ent(形容词后缀)

拓  same a. 相同的

配  be different from 与……不同

例  Some people have different ideas, saying that homework prepares kids for doing better in high school. 一些人有不同的想法,认为家庭作业有助于孩子们在高中表现更出色。(2011·沈阳)

differently [ˈdɪfrəntli ] ad. 不同地,有区别地

构  different(a. 不同的,有差异的)+ly(副词后缀)

拓  similarly ad. 同样地,类似于

例  I didn't want to be treated differently from anyone else. 我不想被区别对待。(2011·扬州)

difficult [ˈdɪfɪkəlt ] a. (困)难的,艰难的

构  di(前缀表示”不”)+(f)ficult(词根表示容易)

拓  hard a. 困难的 easy a. 容易的

例  Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 只要你用心,没有什么是困难的。(2011·衢州)

difficulty [ˈdɪfɪkəlti ] n. 困难

构  difficult(a. 难的,艰难的)+y(名词后缀)

拓  ease n. 不费力

配  find /find difficulty in 对……有困难

with difficulty 困难地;吃力地

without difficulty 容易地,毫不费力地

例  There will be difficulties on the road to your dreams. 在实现你梦想的道路上一定会有困难。(2012·烟台)

Another thing foreign businessmen have difficulty in understanding is when a Japanese means“Yes”or“No”. 另外一件让外国商人很难理解的事就是当日本人表达“是”或“不是”的时候。(2011·无锡)

dig [dɪg ] v. (dug,dug) 挖(洞、沟等);掘

拓  digging n. 挖掘

配  dig up 挖起;挖出

dig out 挖掘出,探索;寻找;发现

dig into 挖掘;全力以赴地干

例  I think I'll dig up all these weeds. 我想我会挖光这所有的野草。(2010·常州)

dinner [ˈdɪnə ] n. 正餐,晚餐

拓  breakfast n. 早餐 supper n. 晚餐

配  be at dinner 在用餐

例  I know that I promised to take you dinner , but I won't finish working until ten o'clock. 我知道我答应过带你去吃晚餐,但是我要10点才能结束工作。(2012·江西)

dining [ˈdaɪnɪŋ ] n. 进餐,吃饭

构  din(e)(v. 吃饭,进餐)+ing(名词后缀)

拓  dining room 饭厅,餐厅,餐室

dining hall 大餐厅,食堂

例  Yesterday, all of the hopefuls went to the dining hall after school. 昨天,所有有希望入选的人放学后去了食堂。(2012·北京)

direct [dɪˈrekt ] vt. 指挥;监督;导演(电影)a. 直接的,直截了当的

构  di(前缀表示强调)+rect(词根表示直的)

拓  indirect a. 间接的 directly ad. 直接地

配  direct to 把(注意力、精力)贯注在……上

例  Animals United is a 3D German cartoon which is directed by Reinhard Klooss and Holger Tappe. 《动物总动员》是一部由雷恩哈德·克洛泽和胡戈尔·坦普导演的德国3D 动画电影。(2012·大连)

It might seem that speaking politely is more difficult than being direct . 似乎客气委婉的说话比直接表达更难。(2011·贵阳)

direction [dɪˈrekʃn ] n. 方向,方位;(常用复数)指引,说明

构  direct(vt. 指引方向)+ion(名词后缀)

配  give directions 予以指示

in all/every directions 四面八方;各方面

under the direction of 在……指导下

例  The problem is that the cockroaches don't always move in the right direction . 问题是这些蟑螂往往不朝正确的方向移动。(2012·苏州)

Although the flight lasted only 12 seconds, it moved the course of history in a new direction . 尽管这次飞行只持续了12秒,但却使历史进程进入一个新的方向。(2012·烟台)

director [dɪˈrektə ] n. 所长,处长,主任

构  direct(vt. 导演)+or(名词后缀)

例  It's reported that the director of the Provincial Education Department of Jiangsu, was interviewed by 11 primary school students about some present issues. 据报道,江苏省教育厅厅长就一些当前问题接受了11位小学生采访。(2011·南京)

directory [dɪˈrektəri ] n. 姓名地址录;目录

构  direct(vt. 指引方向)+ory(名词后缀表示物)

例  Her name is listed in the telephone directory . 她的名字被列在了电话号码簿上。

dirty [ˈdɜ:ti ] a. 脏的

构  dirt(n. 污垢)+y(形容词后缀)

拓  dirt n. 污物;灰尘

例  Dirty water shouldn't be poured into rivers. 脏水不应该被注入河流。(2011·连云港)

disability [dɪsəˈbɪləti ] n. 无力,无能,残疾

构  dis(前缀表示无)+ability (n. 能力)

配  disability payments 残疾救济金

例  He believes having a disability shouldn't stop anyone from achieving his or her success. 他认为残疾不会阻碍一个人取得成功。(2011·沈阳)

disabled [dɪsˈeɪbld ] a. 肢体有残疾的

构  disable(v. 使残废)+d(形容词后缀)

拓  disable v. 使残废,使失去能力,丧失能力

例  I didn't cry when I learned I was the parent of a disabled child. 当我知道我是一位残疾儿童家长的时候我没有哭。(2011·武汉)

disagree [ˌdɪsəˈgriː ] vi. 不一致,意见不同

构  dis(前缀表示不)+agree(v. 同意)

拓  disagreeable a. 不愉快的,不为人喜的,厌恶的

配  disagree with 不同意,不一致,不适合

例  But it isn't very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say“I'm not sure.”但是如此强烈的反对是非常不礼貌的,于是一些人会说“我不确定”。(2011·乌鲁木齐)

disagreement [ˌdɪsəˈgriːmənt ] n. 意见不合,不一致,分歧

构  disagree(vi. 不一致,意见不同)+ment(名词后缀)

例  When she told her father that she wanted to leave school, he expressed his disagreement in a special way. 当她告诉父亲她想辍学的时候,父亲用特别的方式表示他的不赞成。(2011·贵阳)

disappear [dɪsəˈpɪə ] vi. 消失,失踪,不见

构  dis(前缀表示不)+appear(v. 出现)

拓  disappearance n. 不见,消失

例  He was sleeping when the UFO arrived. He didn't wake until the UFO disappeared . UFO到达时他正在睡觉,直到UFO消失时他才醒来。(2011·枣庄)

disappointed [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd ] a. 失望的,扫兴的

构  disappoint(vt. 使失望)+ed(形容词后缀表示感到)

拓  disappoint vt. 使失望 disappointedly ad. 失望地

配  be disappointed with 对……感到失望

例  Justin Bieber might feel disappointed when he arrived at Hong Kong airport. 贾斯汀·比伯抵达香港机场时可能感到失望。(2011·深圳)

disappointing [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪŋ ] a. 令人失望的,扫兴的

构  disappoint(vt. 使失望)+ing(形容词后缀表示令人)

拓  disappointment n. 失望

例  Canada pop star Justin. Bieber got a hugely disappointing greeting when he arrived in Hong Kong on Wednesday. 加拿大流行明星贾斯汀·比伯周三抵达香港机场时受到了非常令人失望的礼遇。(2011·深圳)

discover [dɪsˈkʌvə ] vt. 发现,发觉

构  dis(前缀表示去掉)+cover(n. 盖子)

拓  discoverer n. 发现者

例  It was set up by UNESCO in 1955 to encourage people, especially teenagers, to discover the pleasure of reading. 为鼓励人们,尤其是青少年发现阅读的乐趣,联合国教科文组织于1955年提出设立世界读书日。(2012·烟台)

discovery [dɪsˈkʌvəri ] n. 发现;被发现的事物(或有才能的人)

构  discover(vt. 发现,发觉)+y(名词后缀)

拓  Discovery Day (=Columbus Day) 哥伦布发现美洲纪念日

例  Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers. 问问题是发现和获得有意思答案的第一步。(2011·盐城)

discuss [dɪsˈkʌs ] vt. 讨论,议论

构  dis(否定前缀)+cuss(词根表示敲打、怨恨)

拓  discusser n. 讨论者

配  discuss with sb. 和某人讨论

例  Please come over to my office tomorrow morning to discuss our new plan. 明天上午请到我办公室来讨论我们的新计划。(2012·烟台)

You can also encourage your children to join the Reading Challenge Club and discuss the books they are reading together. 你也可以鼓励你的孩子们参加阅读挑战俱乐部,共同讨论他们一起阅读的书。(2011·宁波)

discussion [dɪsˈkʌʃn ] n. 讨论,辩论

构  discuss(vt. 讨论,议论)+ion(名词后缀)

配  under discussion 在讨论中

have a discussion about 对某事进行讨论

例  We didn't start our discussion until everybody arrived. 直到每个人都到齐了我们才开始讨论。(2011·上海)

disease [dɪˈziːz ] n. 病,疾病

构  dis(否定前缀表示不)+ease(n. 舒适)

拓  diseased a. 患病的,败坏的,有病

例  She aslo does well in curing diseases caused by drinking. 她在治愈由酗酒引起的疾病方面也很出色。(2012·广州)

dish [dɪʃ ] n. 盘,碟;一道菜

拓  plate n. 盘子,碟

例  If you add some lemonade and sugar, the dish will be much tastier. 如果你加些柠檬水和糖,这道菜会更好吃。(2011·常州)

Mum, must I wash the dishes right now? 妈妈,我必须现在洗这些盘子吗?(2012·北京)

dismiss [dɪsˈmɪs ] vt. 让……离开,解散;解雇 vi. 解散

拓  dismissal n. 免职,解雇,不予考虑

配  dismiss from v. 解雇,开除,消除

例  I had to dismiss him, he lost so much time. 我不得不把他解雇,他浪费的时间太多了。

disturb [dɪsˈtɜ:b ] vt. 扰乱,打扰

构  dis(前缀加强语气)+turb(are)(拉丁词表示烦恼)

拓  disturbed a. 扰乱的

配  disturb the peace 扰乱治安

例  The principal was busy writing at his desk, so we didn't disturb him. 校长正在伏案疾书,所以我们没有惊动他。(2011·无锡)

divide [dɪˈvaɪd ] vt. 分,划分

拓  divided a. 分开的 division n. 分开, 分割

配  divide sth. into 把某物分成

例  Hurricanes have been divided into five categories by scientists, based on wind speeds. 根据风速,科学家将飓风分成五个类别。(2011·南京)

do [duː ](did, done) don't=do not v. aux. 做,干(用以构成疑问句及否定句;第三人称单数现在时用does)不做,不干

拓  do-it-yourself n. 自己做

配  do away with 废除,弄死

do one's best 尽全力

do one's duty 尽职责

do well in 成绩好,……做得好

例  How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here? 我们从这里到你老家需要多久?(2011·呼和浩特)

Studying in groups is necessary if you want to do well in school. 如果你想在学校做得很好,团队学习是必要的。(2012·河北)

doctor [ˈdɒktə ] n. 医生,大夫;博士

拓  doctoral a. 博士的

配  doctor's degree 博士学位

例  I have two brothers. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor . 我有两个哥哥,一位是老师,另一位是医生。(2011·宜宾)

Dr. Li got a doctor 's degree in traditional Chinese and western medicine. 李医生获得了中西医学博士学位。(2012·广州)

dog [dɒg ] n. 狗

拓  hunting dogs 猎犬

配  lead a dog's life 过着潦倒的生活

例  Peter, what have done with the poor dog ? He is wet through! 彼得,你是怎样处理那只狗的?它浑身都湿透了!(2011·贵州)

doll [dɒl ] n. 玩偶

配  doll (oneself) up 打扮得漂漂亮亮

例  Since then, Barbie doll, as everyone called her, has become the most successful toy doll in history. 自那以后,芭比娃娃——每个人都这么称呼她,已经成为历史上最成功的玩具娃娃。(2012·广州)

dollar [ˈdɒlə ] n. 元(美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国货币单位)

拓  buck n. (口)美元

例  Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You must be joking! 这样一件T恤要50美元,你一定在开玩笑!(2011·南京)

door [dɔː ] n. 门

拓  doorbell n. 门铃

door-to-door a. 挨户访问的, 按户达的

配  out of doors 在户外

from door to door 逐家

例  I knocked on the door but nobody answered. 我敲门,但是没人开。(2011·北京)

double [ˈdʌbl ] a. 两倍的;双的 n. 两个,双

拓  doubled v. 两倍,加倍努力

例  —You've dropped an“s”in the word“necessary”.

—Oh, the letter“s”is doubled .

——“necessary”这个单词,你少写了一个“s”。

——哦,这个单词有两个“s”字母啊。(2010·滨州)

doubt [daʊt ] n. & v. 怀疑,疑惑

拓  doubtful a. 可疑的

配  no doubt 无疑,必定

without doubt 无疑地,肯定地

doubt about 怀疑

例  I sometimes doubt whether this book is worth reading. 我有时怀疑这本书是否值得一读。(2012·苏州)

There is no doubt but that he will win the election. 毫无疑问,他将在竞选中获胜。

down [daʊn ] prep. 沿着,沿……而下 ad. 向下

拓  downtown ad. 住(在)市中心区

配  write down 写下来

go down(船)下沉,(物价)下跌

turn down 拒绝,把音量调小

例  Write down the phone number, or you'll forget it. 写下电话号码,否则你会忘记的。(2011·山东)

Bill, please turn down the music, both Mom and Dad are sleeping. 比尔,请将音乐音量调小点,爸爸和妈妈都在睡觉。(2012·四川)

download [ˈdaʊnləʊd ] v. 下载

构  down(下)+load(v. 装载)

拓  upload v. 上传 unload vi. 卸货

例  I was helping my friend download the movie Kung Fu PandaⅡ when the telephone rang. 电话响的时候我正在帮我的朋友下载电影《功夫熊猫2》。(2011·哈尔滨)

downstairs [ˌdaʊnˈsteəz ] ad. 在楼下,到楼下

构  down(下)+stairs(n. 楼梯)

拓  upstairs ad. 在楼上,上楼

例  Sam, come downstairs , please. I need your help. 萨姆,请下楼来,我需要你帮助。(2012·陕西)

dozen [ˈdʌzn ] n. 十二个;几十;许多

配  dozens of 几十个(件);许多的

例  They hold mobile phones in hands all day long, send dozens of messages each day, and even text while driving or walking. 他们成天手里拿着手机,每天发几十条短信,甚至还边开车或边走路边发短信。(2012·温州)

draw [drɔː ] v. (drew, drawn)绘画,绘制;拉,拖;提取(金钱)

拓  drawing n. 绘画;素描画

配  draw in(火车/汽车)到站

draw on 动用,利用

draw up 写出,画出

例  Jack is good at drawing . I think no one draws better. 杰克擅长画画,我想没有人比他画得更好了。(2011·安徽)

Though the Internet is popular in the world, television continues to draw more and more people all over the world to many of its programs. 虽然互联网在全球都很流行,但是电视凭借它的节目继续吸引着全球越来越多的人。(2012·河北)

drawer [ˈdrɔːə ] n. 抽屉

构  draw(v. 拉)+er(名词后缀)

拓  drawerful n. 一抽屉之量, 大量

例  She looked into her drawer and drew out a pair of men's leather gloves. 她朝抽屉里看了看,拿出一副男士皮手套。(2012·深圳)

dream [driːm ] n. & vt. (dreamt, dreamt/~ed,~ed)梦,梦想

拓  dreamland n. 梦境

配  dream of 梦见……

例  If you don't work hard enough, I don't think your dream will come true. 如果你不好好努力,我认为你的梦想将不会实现。(2011·苏州)

Xia Jie dreams to be a businessman. 夏洁梦想成为一个企业家。(2012·温州)

dress [dres ] n. 女服,连衣裙;(统指)服装 v. 穿衣;穿着

配  dress up 穿上盛装,打扮得漂漂亮亮

例  What do you think of the dress ? 你觉得这件衣服怎么样?(2011·河南)

So I dressed him, put on his shoes, carried him on my back and walked out. 于是我给他穿好衣服和鞋,背着他出了门。(2011·舟山)

dresser [ˈdresə ] n. 梳妆台

构  dress(v. 穿着,打扮)+er(名词后缀)

例  The lamp is on the dresser . 台灯在梳妆台上。

drink [drɪŋk ] n. 饮料 v. (drank, drank) 喝,饮

拓  drunk a. 喝醉了的,陶醉的

配  drink up 喝光

drink deeply of 痛饮

例  Soft drinks are offered to children for free in some restaurants on Children's Day. 一些餐馆在儿童节为孩子们提供免费的软饮料。(2011·河南)

Would you please pass me something to drink ? 你可以给我点喝的吗?(2011·舟山)

drive [draɪv ] v. (drove, driven)驾驶,开(车);驱赶 n. 驾车;驱赶;动力

拓  driveway n. 车道

配  drive sb. mad 使某人发疯

例  Please drive slowly when you pass a school. 当经过学校时,请开慢一点。(2012·济南)

He had a testing drive on the open ground. 他在空旷处试驾了一把。(2012·无锡)

driver [ˈdraɪvə ] n. 司机,驾驶员

构  driv(e)(v. 驾驶,开(车))+er(名词后缀表人)

配  driver's license 驾驶执照

例  Drivers must wear the safety belt when driving. 司机驾驶时必须系好安全带。(2012·丽水)

Martin learned very quickly, and received his driver 's license just before his eighteenth birthday. 马丁学得很快,在18岁生日前拿到了驾照。(2012·无锡)

drop [drɒp ] n. 滴 v. 掉下,落下

拓  drop-out n. 中途退学的人

配  drop by/in 顺便来访

drop off 减弱,减少

drop out 退出,离队

例  I know we must save every drop of water. 我知道我们必须节约每一滴水。(2011·乐山)

She dropped the plate and it broke into pieces. 她一失手,盘子掉下摔成碎片了。(2012·苏州)

drug [drʌg ] n. 药,药物;毒品

拓  pill n. 药丸 medicine n. 药

配  The State Food and Drug Administration 国家食品药品监督管理局

例  Because teens don't know much about drugs , they might want to try them. 因为许多青少年不了解毒品,他们可能想尝试吸毒。(2011·海南)

drugstore [ˈdrʌgstɔː ] n. 杂货店,药店构 drug(n. 药,药物)+store(n. 商店)

例  There is a drugstore on the second floor. 在二楼有一个药店。(2012·烟台)

drum [drʌm ] n. 鼓

拓  drumbeat n. 鼓声,打鼓 drummer n. 鼓手

例  She beat the drum slowly. 她慢慢地敲鼓。

dry [draɪ ] v. 使……干,弄干 a. 干的,干燥的

拓  wet a. 湿的

配  dry up v. 干涸, 枯竭

例  Teresa likes crispy cookies. They are hard, dry and easily broken. 特里萨喜欢松脆的饼干,这些饼干既硬又干而且易碎。(2011·贵阳)

We send greenhouse gases into the air when we watch TV, turn on lights, dry hair, play video games, wash or dry our clothes or drive cars. 当我们看电视、开灯、吹干头发、玩电子游戏、洗衣服或烘干衣服或开车的时候我们都在将温室气体排放到空气中。(2010·南宁)

duck [dʌk ] n. 鸭子

配  like a duck to water 如鱼得水

例  The duck meat is put in a big oven to cook it. 鸭肉被放进大炉子烹制。(2009·河北)

dumpling [ˈdʌmplɪŋ ] n. 饺子;(有肉馅的)汤团

配  apple dumplings 苹果布丁

meat dumpling 肉汤团,肉馅水饺

例  We went to the Dumpling House. 我们去了饺子馆。(2009·吉林)

during [ˈdjʊərɪŋ ] prep. 在……期间,在……过程中

例  But my mother says she'll teach me during my summer holiday.但是妈妈说她会在暑假期间教我。(2012·贵州)

In China it is a custom to give kids lucky money especially during the Spring Festival. 在中国,尤其是春节期间给孩子压岁钱成为一个传统了。(2011·丽水)

duty [ˈdjuːti ] n. 责任,义务

拓  duty-free a. & ad. 免税的[地]

配  off duty 下班 on duty 值班,上班

例  As young adults, it is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teacher. 作为未成年人,在老师的帮助下尽力处理好教育方面的每次挑战是我们的责任。(2011·菏泽)

People who raise a young cat have the duty to let it play inside.养小猫的人有义务让猫在里面玩。(2011·包头)

DVD [ˈdiːˈviːˈdiː ](digital versatile disk) 数码影碟

拓  VCD abbr. 视频高密光盘

例  I would recommend that you buy a DVD player instead a VCR. 我建议你买一台 DVD 机而不是录像机。


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