2022年10月29日 VOA慢速英语： 根据诉根据

 

Hello! This week on Ask a Teacher, we will answer a question about the difference between the phrases "as per" and "according to."
你好！本周在Ask a Teacher上，我们将回答一个关于短语“as per”和“according to”之间区别的问题。
 
Question:
问题：
 
This is Mengwen. I just wanted to know what is the difference between "as per" and "according to" when writing an email. Many thanks in advance. Mengwen
这是梦雯。我只是想知道写电子邮件时“按”和“根据”有什么区别。提前谢谢了。梦雯
 
Answer
回答
 
Dear Mengwen,
亲爱的梦雯，
 
This is a great question.
这是一个很好的问题。
 
In some cases, we can use both of these expressions in the same way. But they do have slight differences in tone and formality.
在某些情况下，我们可以以相同的方式使用这两个表达式。但他们在语气和形式上确实有细微的差别。
 
Let's start with "according to."
让我们从“根据”开始。
 
According to
根据
 
"According to" is described as a preposition in many dictionaries.
“根据”在许多词典中被描述为介词。
 
"According to" means "as stated by someone or shown by something." It is usually used at the beginning of a sentence.
“根据”的意思是“如某人所说或某事所示”。它通常用在句首。
 
Here are some examples:
这里有些例子：
 
According to our teacher, the final paper is due before the end of the day.
据我们的老师说，期末论文要在一天结束前交出来。
 
According to my last email, if we do not schedule the event soon, we will not be able to do so until next year.
根据我上一封电子邮件，如果我们不尽快安排活动，我们要到明年才能安排。
 
It can also mean, "in a way that agrees with." For this meaning, "according to" can appear in the middle of a sentence. For example:
它也可以表示“以一种同意的方式”。对于这个意思，“根据”可以出现在句子的中间。例如：
 
The teacher divided the class according to age. Any student born before July was put in group A, and anyone born July 1st or after was placed in group B.
老师按年龄分班。7 月之前出生的学生分 A 组，7 月 1日或之后出生的学生分 B 组。
 
The term "according to" is used very generally. The tone or feeling that we get from it is neutral, meaning neither good nor bad. It can be used in both formal and informal situations.
“根据”一词的使用非常普遍。我们从中得到的语气或感觉是中性的，既不好也不坏。它可以用于正式和非正式场合。
 
"According to" is used best when we expect something to have happened, or for setting up meetings or completing requests.
当我们预计某事已经发生，或者用于设置会议或完成请求时，最好使用“根据”。
 
This use is most closely related to "as per," so let's move on to that discussion now.
这种用法与“as per”最密切相关，所以现在让我们继续讨论。
 
As per
按照
 
"As per" means "in accordance with." The expression combines the adverb "as" with the preposition "per." Here is an example:
“按照”的意思是“按照 ”。该表达式将副词“as”与介词“per”组合在一起。这是一个例子：
 
Dear Karen,
亲爱的凯伦，
 
As per your request, I have listed all of the items that we need to send out by next week.
根据您的要求，我已经列出了我们需要在下周之前发送的所有物品。
 
In this case, it has the same meaning as "according to." And we can use it in similar situations when we want to point out something previously referenced. But it is best to use "as per" with more formal requests that have specific times and dates. The term is often used in commercial or business settings.
在这种情况下，它与“根据”具有相同的含义。当我们想指出以前引用的东西时，我们可以在类似的情况下使用它。但最好将“按”用于具有特定时间和日期的更正式的请求。该术语通常用于商业或商业环境。
 
We can also use just the preposition "per" in the same way, as in this example:
我们也可以以同样的方式只使用介词“per”，如下例所示：
 
Dear Professor Karen,
亲爱的凯伦教授，
 
I handed in the test before the due date, per your instructions.
按照你的指示，我在截止日期前交了试卷。
 
Summary
概括
 
Both "according to" and "as per" relate to what was previously said or done. "According to" is more general and can be used in different situations. "As per" is more formal and is often used for business, especially with specific due dates and requests.
“根据”和“按照”都与之前所说或所做的有关。“根据”比较笼统，可以在不同的情况下使用。“按”更正式，通常用于业务，特别是有特定的截止日期和请求。
 
If you are still unsure about which to use, try thinking of the connotation of each. Connotation is the idea, feeling or association linked to a word or phrase.
如果您仍然不确定使用哪个，请尝试考虑每个的内涵。内涵是与单词或短语相关的想法、感觉或联想。
 
Since "according to" is more general and can be used in a lot of different situations, it usually has a neutral connotation.
由于“根据”比较笼统，可以用在很多不同的情况下，所以它通常具有中性的内涵。
 
In recent years, especially with many jobs going online, "as per" is sometimes seen in a more negative way. This has led to many internet memes showing how "as per" is used in emails.
近年来，尤其是在许多工作上线的情况下，“按照”有时被认为是一种更消极的方式。这导致许多互联网模因显示“按”在电子邮件中的使用方式。
 
So you might want to choose "according to," just in case.
因此，您可能要选择“根据”以防万一。
 
Please let us know if these explanations have helped you, Mingwen.
请让我们知道这些解释是否对您有所帮助，明文。