2022年11月02日 VOA慢速英语：世界卫生组织：结核病感染全球更多人

 
A recent report by the World Health Organization (WHO) says the number of people infected with tuberculosis increased worldwide.
世界卫生组织 (WHO) 最近的一份报告称，全世界感染结核病的人数有所增加。
 
The United Nations health agency said more than 10 million people around the world became sick with tuberculosis (TB) in 2021. That is a 4.5 percent increase from the year before. About 1.6 million people died, WHO said. It added that about 450,000 cases involved people infected with drug-resistant TB, 3 percent more than in 2020.
联合国卫生机构表示，2021 年全球有超过 1000 万人患上肺结核 (TB)。这比前一年增加了 4.5%。世卫组织称，约有 160 万人死亡。它补充说，约有 450,000 例病例涉及感染耐药结核病的人，比 2020 年增加 3%。
 
Dr. Mel Spigelman is president of the non-profit group TB Alliance. Spigelman said more than 10 years of progress was lost when COVID-19 appeared in 2020.
Mel Spigelman 博士是非营利组织 TB Alliance 的总裁。Spigelman 说，当 2020 年出现 COVID-19 时，10 多年的进步就消失了。
 
He said that although there were gains in some areas "we are still behind in just about every...goal regarding TB."
他说，尽管在某些领域取得了进展，“我们在几乎每一个……关于结核病的目标上仍然落后。”
 
WHO also blamed COVID-19 for much of the rise in TB, saying the pandemic "continues to have a damaging" effect "on access to TB diagnosis and treatment." It said progress made before 2019 has since slowed, stopped, or moved back.
世卫组织还指责 COVID-19 是导致结核病发病率上升的主要原因，称这种流行病“继续对“获得结核病诊断和治疗的机会”产生破坏性影响。它表示，2019 年之前取得的进展已经放缓、停止或倒退。
 
With fewer people being diagnosed with the highly infectious disease, more patients unknowingly spread tuberculosis.
随着越来越少的人被诊断出患有这种高度传染性疾病，越来越多的患者在不知不觉中传播了结核病。
 
WHO also said COVID-19 restrictions, including lockdowns and physical distancing, also limited TB treatment services. Such restrictions may have caused some people to not go to health centers for fear of catching coronavirus.
世卫组织还表示，包括封锁和身体距离在内的 COVID-19 限制也限制了结核病治疗服务。此类限制可能导致一些人因害怕感染冠状病毒而不去卫生中心。
 
Officials added that issues in the global economy also caused problems. About half of all TB patients and their families face high costs for their treatments. WHO called for more countries to cover all TB diagnosis and treatment costs.
官员们补充说，全球经济的问题也造成了问题。大约一半的结核病患者及其家人面临高昂的治疗费用。世卫组织呼吁更多国家承担所有结核病诊断和治疗费用。
 
After COVID-19, TB is the world's deadliest infectious disease. It is caused by bacteria that usually affect the lungs. The germs are mostly spread from person to person in the air, such as when an infected person coughs.
在 COVID-19 之后，结核病是世界上最致命的传染病。它是由通常影响肺部的细菌引起的。细菌主要通过空气在人与人之间传播，例如当感染者咳嗽时。
 
TB mostly affects adults, especially those who do not have enough food or have other health conditions like HIV. More than 95 percent of TB cases are in developing countries.
结核病主要影响成年人，尤其是那些没有足够食物或有其他健康状况（如艾滋病毒）的人。超过 95% 的结核病病例发生在发展中国家。
 
A WHO report said only one in three people with drug-resistant TB are receiving treatment.
世界卫生组织的一份报告称，只有三分之一的耐药结核病患者正在接受治疗。
 
Dr. Hannah Spencer is with Doctors Without Borders in South Africa. Spencer said, "Drug-resistant TB is curable, but alarmingly, cases are on the rise for the first time in years." She added, "It's urgent that shorter, safer and more effective treatments are scaled up now."
Hannah Spencer 博士在南非的无国界医生组织工作。斯宾塞说：“耐药结核病是可以治愈的，但令人担忧的是，病例数多年来首次出现上升。” 她补充说，“现在迫切需要扩大更短、更安全、更有效的治疗方法。”
 
Spencer called for lowering the price of TB treatments so a complete treatment costs no more than $500.
斯宾塞呼吁降低结核病治疗的价格，以便完整的治疗费用不超过 500 美元。
 
WHO also said conflicts in Eastern Europe, Africa and the Middle East have worsened the choices for patients seeking TB diagnosis and treatment.
世卫组织还表示，东欧、非洲和中东的冲突恶化了寻求结核病诊断和治疗的患者的选择。
 
 
Ukraine had one of the world's worst TB epidemics even before Russia invaded the country in February. Health experts fear the inability of patients to get treated could fuel the rise of more drug-resistant TB across Ukraine and surrounding countries.
甚至在俄罗斯于 2 月入侵该国之前，乌克兰就已成为世界上最严重的结核病流行病之一。卫生专家担心，患者无法接受治疗可能会导致更多耐药结核病在乌克兰和周边国家出现。
 
While TB patients can seek care in Ukraine, the country has seen a shortage of important medicines. Officials also have a hard time following the progress of patients.
虽然结核病患者可以在乌克兰寻求治疗，但该国的重要药物短缺。官员们也很难跟踪患者的进展。