2022年11月18日 VOA慢速英语：专家：分裂的美国国会可能达成的协议很少

 

The 118th United States Congress will be closely divided between the Republican and Democratic Parties. The Republicans won control of the House of Representatives in the November 8 elections. Democrats added to their majority in the Senate.
第118届美国国会将在共和党和民主党之间严重分裂。共和党在 11 月 8 日的选举中赢得了众议院的控制权。民主党在参议院占多数。
 
Final results of several races remain in question. But, those results will not change the political representation by much. The majorities in both houses will be small.
几场比赛的最终结果仍有疑问。但是，这些结果不会对政治代表性产生太大影响。两院的多数席位都将很小。
 
Some political experts think a closely divided Congress will not be able to agree on many issues. The U.S. Congress has been closely divided for several years.
一些政治专家认为，分歧严重的国会将无法在许多问题上达成一致。多年来，美国国会一直存在严重分歧。
 
VOA spoke to David King, a politics and public policy expert at Harvard University. When asked what the American public should expect from the new Congress, King answered: "More of the same."
美国之音采访了哈佛大学政治和公共政策专家大卫金。当被问及美国公众对新国会有何期待时，金回答说：“更多的是相同的。”
 
King said most of the power in Congress is controlled by a small number of people at the top.
金说，国会的大部分权力都掌握在少数高层人士手中.
 
"The power in Congress will be held in the hands of a few leaders. Most of the members of Congress will stick very close to their party, because neither one can afford to lose a couple of key votes," he said.
“国会的权力将掌握在少数领导人手中。大多数国会议员将非常接近他们的政党，因为任何人都不能失去几张关键选票，”他说。
 
King says Congress is likely to pass only budget-related bills that pay for the most basic government operations. He added that members of Congress will already be acting in consideration of possible results of the 2024 presidential election.
金说，国会很可能只通过支付最基本政府运作费用的预算相关法案。他补充说，国会议员已经在考虑 2024 年总统选举的可能结果。
 
However, some experts are more hopeful. G. William Hoagland is a vice president at the Bipartisan Policy Center in Washington. He told VOA that congressional leaders might find issues on which they can work together.
然而，一些专家对此抱有更大的希望。 G. William Hoagland 是华盛顿两党政策中心的副总裁。他告诉美国之音，国会领导人可能会找到他们可以共同努力的问题。
 
He said, "I think it's possible that there could still be some successful legislative achievement."
他说，“我认为仍有可能取得一些成功的立法成就。”
 
Hoagland noted immigration as one such issue. Republicans want increased border security. Democrats want a path to legal standing for undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children. It might be possible, Hoagland said, for new legislation aimed at reaching both goals.
霍格兰将移民问题列为此类问题之一。共和党人希望加强边境安全。民主党人希望为儿童时期带到美国的无证移民提供合法地位的途径。 Hoagland 说，有可能制定旨在实现这两个目标的新立法。
 
The newly-divided Congress might make it more difficult for President Biden to get his policies made into law. Biden may narrow his aims as a result, Hoagland suggested. He said the president could center his efforts on supporting the operation of major acts already passed. These include the Inflation Reduction Act, with its huge investments in the fight against climate change, and the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.
新分裂的国会可能会让拜登总统更难将他的政策写入法律。霍格兰建议，拜登可能会因此缩小他的目标。他说，总统可以集中精力支持已经通过的主要法案的运作。其中包括《降低通货膨胀法》及其在应对气候变化方面的巨额投资，以及《基础设施投资和就业法》。
 
 
Democrats had controlled both houses of Congress before November's elections.
民主党在 11 月的选举前控制了国会两院。
 
King, of Harvard University, said that Biden might look more to international issues if progress at home becomes difficult.
哈佛大学的金表示，如果在国内取得进展变得困难，拜登可能会更多地关注国际问题。
Leadership positions
领导层positions
 
In the Senate, Majority Leader Chuck Schumer is expected to keep his position. On Wednesday, Minority Leader Mitch McConnell fought off a challenge by Senator Rick Scott and was reelected to his position.
在参议院，多数党领袖查克舒默有望保住他的职位。周三，少数党领袖米奇·麦康奈尔（Mitch McConnell）与参议员里克·斯科特（Rick Scott）一起挑战，并连任他的职位。
 
 
Leadership of the House is less certain. Republican Kevin McCarthy won his party's nomination to be Speaker. However, without support of more conservative Republicans, he might not be able to win the position.
众议院的领导地位不太确定。共和党人凯文麦卡锡赢得了他所在党派的议长提名。然而，如果没有更保守的共和党人的支持，他可能无法赢得这个职位。
 
Current Speaker of the House, Nancy Pelosi, has announced that she will not seek any leadership position when the new congress takes office in January.
现任众议院议长南希佩洛西宣布，她不会在新一届国会上寻求任何领导职位
 
Investigations expected
预计将进行调查
 
All the experts VOA spoke with agreed that new and strong investigations into the Biden administration and into the president's family will take place in the House. Republicans have promised to look into Biden administration actions at the southern border and into the business dealings of the president's son, Hunter Biden.
美国之音采访的所有专家都同意，将在众议院对拜登政府和总统的家人进行新的强有力的调查.共和党人已承诺调查拜登政府在南部边境的行动以及总统之子亨特·拜登的商业往来。