2022年11月30日 VOA慢速英语：你的年度词汇是什么？

 

And now, Words and Their Stories from VOA Learning English.
现在，来自美国之音慢速英语的词汇及其故事。
 
English language dictionary publishers traditionally announce their words of the year as the year is coming to a close. Sometimes, they choose words based on how many times people look them up. Others select words that have been in the news a lot.
英语词典出版商传统上将他们的年度词汇宣布为年度即将结束。有时，他们会根据人们查找单词的次数来选择单词。其他人选择经常出现在新闻中的词。
 
Merriam-Webster dictionary
Merriam-Webster 词典
 
This week, American dictionary publisher Merriam-Webster announced that it selected "gaslighting" as its word of the year for 2022.
本周，美国词典出版商韦氏词典宣布，它选择“gaslighting”作为 2022 年的年度词汇。

Merriam-Webster defines gaslighting as "the act or practice of grossly misleading someone, especially for one's own advantage."
Merriam-Webster 将 gaslighting 定义为“严重误导某人的行为或做法，尤其是为了自己的利益。”
 
In 2022, lookups for gaslighting on merriam-webster.com increased 1,740 percent over the year before. Peter Sokolowski is Merriam-Webster's editor at large. He told the Associated Press, "It's a word that has risen so quickly in the English language, and especially in the last four years, that it actually came as a surprise to me and to many of us."
2022 年，在 merriam-webster.com 上对 gaslighting 的搜索量比前一年增加了 1,740%。 Peter Sokolowski 是韦氏词典的特约编辑。他告诉美联社，“这个词在英语中的出现速度如此之快，尤其是在过去四年里，它实际上让我和我们中的许多人感到惊讶。”
 
Merriam-Webster said English has many ways to say "lies," including falsehood, untruth, and disinformation. But in this age of misinformation with fake news, deepfakes and artificial intelligence, the word "gaslighting has emerged as a word for our time."
Merriam-Webster 说英语有很多表达“谎言”的方式，包括 falsehood、untruth 和 disinformation。但在这个充斥着假新闻、深度造假和人工智能的错误信息时代，“gaslighting”这个词已经成为我们这个时代的代名词。
 
Other lookups on Merriam-Webster included oligarch, following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Omicron, a fast-spreading version of the COVID-19 virus, and Queen Consort, as the wife of Britain's King Charles, Camilla, is now known.
Merriam-Webster 上的其他查询包括俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后的寡头、快速传播的 COVID-19 病毒版本 Omicron，以及英国国王查尔斯卡米拉的妻子 Queen Consort。
Cambridge dictionary
剑桥词典
 
Now, if a British English dictionary publisher says it has chosen an American English word as its word of the year, you would likely say someone is gaslighting you.
现在，如果英国英语词典出版商说它选择了一个美国英语单词作为年度词汇，你可能会说有人在给你加油。
 
But that is exactly what happened.
现在，如果英国英语词典出版商说它选择了一个美国英语单词作为年度词汇，你可能会说有人在给你加油。
 
In November, Cambridge Dictionary announced that its word of the year for 2022 is… homer. Cambridge says homer, short for homerun, "is a point scored in baseball when you hit the ball, usually out of the playing field, and are able to run around all the bases at one time to the starting base."
11 月，剑桥词典宣布其 2022 年年度词汇是……荷马。剑桥说本垒打是本垒打的缩写，“是在棒球比赛中，当你击球时得分，通常是在比赛场地外，并且能够一次绕过所有垒到达起始垒。”
 
Why homer, you ask?
你问为什么荷马？
 
Cambridge said there were 65,000 searches for the word homer in a single day. It was May 5. That was the day when homer was the winning word on the popular online game Wordle.
剑桥表示一天内有 65,000 次搜索荷马这个词。那是 5 月 5 日。那天，荷马成为流行在线游戏 Wordle 的获胜词。
 
The British publisher said many Wordle players outside of the United States had not heard this word before. Some expressed their frustration on social media, but many more turned to Cambridge to find its meaning.
英国出版商表示，美国以外的许多 Wordle 玩家以前从未听说过这个词。一些人在社交媒体上表达了他们的沮丧，但更多的人转向剑桥寻找它的意义。
 
The popularity of Wordle also brought searches for other five-letter words, including caulk, tacit, humor, and bayou.
Wordle 的流行还带来了对其他五个字母单词的搜索，包括 caulk、tacit、humor 和 bayou。

So, now you know that we are not gaslighting you!
所以，现在您知道我们不是在给您加油！
 
Collins dictionary
柯林斯词典
 
Another publisher, Collins, said 2022 seems to be a year of permanent crisis with the pandemic, the war in Ukraine, and the worldwide economic downturn.
另一位出版商柯林斯表示，2022 年似乎是充满危机的一年，包括大流行病、乌克兰战争和全球经济衰退。
 
So, Collins selected permacrisis as the word of the year for 2022. The dictionary defines the word as "an extended period of instability and insecurity."
因此，柯林斯选择 permacrisis 作为年度词汇2022 年。字典将这个词定义为“一段长时间的不稳定和不安全感”。
 
Collins said the year also gave us terms like quiet quitting, which involves doing no more work than necessary, and sportswashing, which people are accusing Qatar and Saudi Arabia are doing with the World Cup and LIV golf.
柯林斯说，这一年还给了我们一些术语，例如安静戒烟，即不做不必要的工作，以及运动清洗，人们指责卡塔尔和沙特阿拉伯正在用世界杯和 LIV 高尔夫做这件事。
 
Oxford dictionary
牛津词典
The editors of the Oxford dictionary said 2022 has been a year defined by re-opening after the pandemic. "However, although we have finally been able to physically reunite and come together again, our world somehow feels more divided than ever."
牛津词典的编辑说，2022 年是疫情过后重新开放的一年。 “然而，尽管我们终于能够在身体上团聚并再次聚在一起，但我们的世界在某种程度上感觉比以往任何时候都更加分裂。”
 
Oxford said the use of metaverse increased four times in October as people are debating the future of online activities. The word describes a new level of online experiences for socializing, learning, and playing.
牛津表示，随着人们的争论，元宇宙的使用在 10 月份增加了四倍在线活动的未来。这个词描述了社交、学习和娱乐的新水平在线体验。
 
From the war in Ukraine to the legal action between actors Johnny Depp and Amber Heard, people used #IStandWith on social media to express their support. And goblin mode is the idea of rejecting societal expectations in favor of doing whatever one wants to.
从乌克兰战争到演员约翰尼德普和艾梅柏希尔德之间的法律诉讼，人们在社交媒体上使用#IStandWith 来表达他们的支持。地精模式是拒绝社会期望而支持做任何想做的事情的想法。
 
So, Oxford decided to leave the selection of word of the year to you.
因此，牛津决定将年度词汇的选择留给你。
 
Until Friday, December 2, you can vote for your favorite word as Oxford's word of the year 2022. The choices include metaverse, #IStandwith, and goblin mode.
在 12 月 2 日星期五之前，您可以投票选出您最喜欢的词作为牛津 2022 年年度词。选项包括虚拟世界、#IStandwith 和地精模式。