2022年12月05日 VOA慢速英语：无花果树可以在寒冷的天气中生存

Fig trees are native to Europe around the Mediterranean Sea, Asia and Africa, but they can grow in much cooler climates.
无花果树原产于地中海、亚洲和非洲周围的欧洲，但它们可以在凉爽得多的气候中生长。

Once mature, fig trees can accept temperatures even a few degrees below freezing. Some kinds of fig trees do better in such environments than others.
一旦成熟，无花果树木甚至可以接受比冰点低几度的温度。某些无花果树在这样的环境中比其他无花果树长得更好。

Associated Press gardening expert Jessica Damiano recently wrote about caring for fig trees. She said all kinds of the trees could use protection.
美联社园艺专家杰西卡·达米亚诺 (Jessica Damiano) 最近撰写了一篇关于照料无花果树的文章。她说所有种类的树木都需要保护。

Depending on the weather and pruning, a fig can grow into a shrub or a tree. Shrubs with several stems growing from the ground do best if covered for the winter. Trees with a single stem, or trunk, can be either covered or buried.
根据天气和修剪，无花果可以长成灌木或乔木。如果冬季覆盖，从地面长出多根茎的灌木效果最好。单茎或树干的树木可以被覆盖或掩埋。

Either way, wait until the trees have dropped most of their leaves.
无论哪种方式，都要等到树木落下大部分叶子。

One popular method for burying trees for their protection is called "the Minnesota tip."
一种为保护树木而埋葬树木的流行方法被称为“明尼苏达尖端”。

It involves digging a narrow, shallow area where the tree can be laid. The space should be about 30 centimeters deep, 60 centimeters wide and as long as the tree is tall.
它涉及挖掘一个狭窄、浅的区域来放置树木。空间应该是大约 30 厘米深，60 厘米宽，和树一样长。

To prepare the tree, gather its branches and tie them together with soft rope.
要准备树，收集树枝并用软绳将它们绑在一起。

Next, push a shovel into the soil about a half-meter from the trunk on the side opposite the hole. Lift that side of the tree's root ball out of the ground.
< br/>接下来，将铲子推入离洞对面的树干约半米的土壤中。将树根球的那一侧抬离地面。
 
Then, gently push the tree toward the hole.
然后，轻轻地将树推向洞口。

When it is lying flat, cover the tree with plastic.
当它平躺时，用塑料覆盖树。

Pack soil around the exposed side of the roots, and around the length of the tree. Load soil over the tree. Make it at least 30 centimeters deep. You will need more soil than you removed from digging.
在根部暴露的一侧周围填满土壤，并在周围树的长度。在树上装土。使其至少深 30 厘米。你需要的土壤比你挖出来的还要多。
 
If you are covering, or wrapping, the tree instead, you will need cardboard, a pail, and a roll each of burlap, heavy brown paper and tar paper.
如果您要覆盖或包裹树，则需要硬纸板、一个桶和一卷粗麻布、厚牛皮纸和柏油纸。

If the tree is under three years old, cut it back by one-third its size. Then, pull the branches inward and tie them together with soft but strong rope.
如果这棵树不到三岁, 将其缩小三分之一。然后，将树枝向内拉，并用柔软但结实的绳子将它们绑在一起。

Working upwards from the bottom, put burlap around the tree. Then put heavy brown paper around the burlap and tie it into place.
从底部向上工作，在树周围放上粗麻布。然后在粗麻布周围放上厚重的牛皮纸并将其系好。
 
Remove some soil from around the base of the tree. Place a large piece of cardboard into the space and bend it around the bottom half of the tree. Tie the cardboard into place.
从树根周围清除一些土壤。将一大块硬纸板放入空隙中，并围绕树的下半部分弯曲。将硬纸板固定到位。

Next, wrap tar paper around the tree. Position it outward from top to bottom. This will direct rain away from the tree.
接下来，将焦油纸包裹在树上。将其从上到下向外放置。这将使雨水远离树。

Place soil around the tree's base, creating a little hill. Place a pail upside-down over the top of the tree to keep the rain off.
在树的底部周围放置土壤，形成一个小山丘。将一个桶倒置在树顶上以防雨淋。
 
Unwrap the tree on a cloudy day in early spring, soon after the last frost.
在早春的阴天，也就是最后一次霜冻过后不久，打开树的包裹。