2022年12月23日 VOA慢速英语：印度城市扩大面部识别技术打击犯罪

 

Officials in the Indian city of Hyderabad say police there depend on facial recognition technology to fight crime.
印度海得拉巴市的官员说，那里的警察依靠面部识别技术来打击犯罪。
 
Hyderabad is the capital of India's south-central state of Telangana. In 2013, Islamic terrorists exploded bombs at a market there, killing 19 people and wounding more than 100 others.
海得拉巴是印度中南部特伦甘纳邦的首府。2013年，伊斯兰恐怖分子在那里的一个市场引爆炸弹，造成19人死亡，100多人受伤。
 
The city hurried to establish a network of surveillance cameras. Today, more than 700,000 cameras are active on the streets.
该市迅速建立了监控摄像头网络。今天，超过 700,000 个摄像头活跃在街道上。
 
The center for Hyderabad's facial recognition operations is the newly built Command and Control Center. Workers at the center have the ability to continuously examine data collected by cameras and cell phone transmitters.
海德拉巴面部识别操作的中心是新建的指挥和控制中心。该中心的工作人员能够持续检查照相机和手机发射器收集的数据。
 
The system can pull up images from any available camera across the city. It then uses artificial intelligence (AI) methods to try to identify known criminals in the area.
该系统可以从全市任何可用的摄像机中提取图像。然后，它使用人工智能(AI) 方法来尝试识别该地区已知的罪犯。
 
Police Commissioner C.V. Anand told The Associated Press the new command center, opened in August, seeks to connect technologies across different government departments. The director general of the Telangana State Police, Mahender Reddy, said the operation cost $75 million to complete.
警察局长 CV Anand 告诉美联社，新的指挥中心于 8 月开放，旨在连接不同政府部门的技术。特伦甘纳邦警察局局长马亨德雷迪表示，这项行动耗资 7500 万美元才能完成。
 
The use of facial recognition and AI have been increasing in India in recent years. Police have used both technologies to watch large gatherings in an effort to identify criminals.
近年来，印度人脸识别和人工智能的使用一直在增加。警方已使用这两种技术来监视大型集会，以努力识别罪犯。
 
 
In addition to using the technologies to fight serious crimes, officials in Hyderabad have also approved their use for issuing traffic violations and enforcing COVID-19 rules.
除了使用这些技术打击严重犯罪外，海得拉巴的官员还批准将其用于发布交通违规行为和执行 COVID-19 规则。
 
Police officers in the city are equipped with an app that permits them to pull up collected facial images as they work in the field. The app also connects nearly all police officers in the city to a series of government and emergency services.
该市的警察配备了一款应用程序，允许他们在现场工作时提取收集到的面部图像。该应用程序还将该市几乎所有警察与一系列政府和紧急服务联系起来。
 
Critics of the system say it can result in mistaken identities and violate the privacy of citizens. Anand said photos of traffic violators and pandemic restrictions violators are kept temporarily unless needed for use in court. Then, the images are supposed to be destroyed. He expressed surprise that any citizen would object to the system.
该系统的批评者说，它可能导致身份错误并侵犯公民的隐私。阿南德说，除非需要在法庭上使用，否则交通违规者和大流行限制违规者的照片将被暂时保留。然后，图像应该被销毁。他对任何公民都会反对该制度表示惊讶。
 
"If we need to control crime, we need to have surveillance," Anand said.
“如果我们需要控制犯罪，我们就需要进行监视，”阿南德说。
 
Critics raised concerns about the technology in January after a Hyderabad official gave a demonstration of how it was designed to work. The official put an image of a female reporter's face into the system. Within seconds, the tool returned five possible criminal matches from the state's records. Three of the possible matches were men.
在海得拉巴的一位官员演示了这项技术的设计工作原理后，批评者在 1 月份对该技术提出了担忧。官方将一张女记者的头像输入系统。在几秒钟内，该工具从该州的记录中返回了五个可能的犯罪匹配项。三场可能的比赛是男性。
 
Hyderabad has spent hundreds of millions of dollars on police vehicles, surveillance cameras, facial recognition tools and other crime-fighting technologies. Anand says the investment has helped the state bring in more private and foreign investment. This includes a development center completed by Apple in 2016 and a major Microsoft data center announced in March.
海得拉巴在警车、监控摄像头、面部识别工具和其他打击犯罪技术方面花费了数亿美元。阿南德说，这项投资帮助该州吸引了更多的私人和外国投资。这包括 Apple 于 2016 年完成的开发中心和 3 月宣布的主要 Microsoft 数据中心。
 
 
"When these companies decide to invest in a city, they first look at the law-and-order situation," Anand said.
“当这些公司决定在一个城市投资时，他们首先会看治安情况，”阿南德说。
 
He credited such technologies for drops in crime across the state. Muggings to steal jewelry, for example, fell from 1,033 incidents a year to fewer than 50 a year after cameras and other technologies were deployed, Anand said.
他将全州犯罪率下降归功于此类技术。例如，在部署了摄像头和其他技术后，盗窃珠宝的抢劫事件从每年 1,033 起下降到不到 50 起，阿南德说。
 
India's National Crime Records Bureau is also seeking to build what could be among the world's largest facial recognition systems. The plans are in line with the administration of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who has pushed for increased information technology development across the national government.
印度国家犯罪记录局也在寻求建立世界上最大的面部识别系统。这些计划与印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪 (Narendra Modi) 的政府保持一致，莫迪一直在推动整个国家政府加强信息技术的发展。
 
The government has called for smart policing methods using drones, AI-powered surveillance cameras and facial recognition. The technologies have received wide support across political parties and have already begun to expand to states across India, said Apar Gupta. He is head of the New Delhi-based Internet Freedom Foundation.
政府呼吁采用无人机、人工智能监控摄像头和面部识别的智能警务方法。Apar Gupta 说，这些技术得到了各政党的广泛支持，并且已经开始扩展到印度各邦。他是位于新德里的互联网自由基金会的负责人。
 
"There is a lot of social and civic support for it too – people don't always fully understand," Gupta said. "They see technology and think this is the answer."
“它也有很多社会和公民支持——人们并不总是完全理解，”古普塔说。“他们看到技术并认为这就是答案。”