托业TOEIC考试备考100句经典句型(11)

100	下列助动词后接原形V或have pp.意思不同：
	should V         现在应该 (should = ought to)  should have pp.   过去应该做而未做的事	He should do that. He should have done that.
	can(not) V       现在疑问或否定推测  can(not) have pp. 过去疑问或否定推测  could have pp.   过去能做而未做的事	Can he do that? He can’t have done that. He could have done that.(but he didn’t)
	must V          现在极肯定推测  must have pp.    过去肯定推测	He must be tired. He must have done that.
	may V          现在可能                    may have pp.    过去可能	He may do that. He may have done that.
	might V         现在可能  might have pp.   过去本来可能....(但并未发生)	He might do that. He might have done that.(but he didn’t)
	didn’t need to V  过去不必做....(但不知做了没)  needn’t have pp.  过去可以不必做....(但却做了)	He didn’t need to do that. He needn’t have done that.(but he did.)

101.	「穿衣服」的用法  1.(动作)穿上.....   人put on 衣服  2.(状态)穿着.....   人 wear 衣服                = 人dress 人 + in衣服        (dress  vt. = clothe  vt.)                = 人be dressed + in 衣服                = 人be + in 衣服                = 人 have 衣服 on

  * 衣服穿上跟我走。  Put on your clothes and come with me.
  * 她总是穿着绿色衣服。    She always wears green.
                          = She always dresses herself in green.
                          = She is always dressed in green.
                          = She is always in green.
                          = She always has green on.

102.	「花时间」的用法   人 spend 时间 +  (in)  Ving.            ßspend一定是人当主词，后面用Ving = 人 take 时间 +  to V. = It  take  (人)  时间 +  to V.              ßtake后面一定用to V = 事 take  (人)  时间

  * 我花了三天写了这封信。
     I spent three days (in) writing this letter.
= I took three days to write this letter.
= It took me three days to write this letter.
= This letter took me three days.

103.	「花金钱」的用法
	人 spend 金钱 +	(in)  Ving.
		on 物
	= It  cost (人) 金钱 + to V = 事 cost  (人)  金钱             ßcost一定指花钱

  * 我花了一百元买了这本书。
      I spent one hundred dollars on this book.
    = It cost me one hundred dollars to buy this book.
    = This book cost me one hundred dollars.

104.	very + adj.       非常.....的 = all + 抽象n. =抽象n. + itself

  * 我们非常快乐。   We are very happy.
                    = We are all happiness.
                    = We are happiness itself.

105.	表「天气」、「时间」、「距离」，主词要用It

  * 夜里下大雨。  It rained heavily during the night.
                 = There was a heavy rain during the night.
                 = We had a heavy rain during the night.
  * 今天星期五。  It is Friday (today).  (= Today is Friday.)
  * 距离车站有两里路。  It is two miles to the station.

106.	It is + 非人称adj. + for 人 + to V.     ß描写事  It is + 褒贬人adj. + of 人 + to V.     ß描写人

  * 你必须帮他的忙。  It is necessary for you to help him.    ß是事情必要，不是人必要
                    (= It is necessary that you should help him.)
  * 你真是不智接受的他的提议。
                      It is unwise of you to accept his offer.  ß笨的是人，不是事情
                    ( = You are unwise to accept his offer.)
「非人称adj.」指necessary, important, possible, difficult, hard, easy, convenient, dangerous等
「褒贬人adj.」指kind, cruel, generous, stingy, careful, careless, polite, rude, wise, foolish等

107.	It的强调句型       主词  It is  受词   +  that 子句       副词

  * 昨天打他的是我。  It was I that hit him yesterday.
  * 我昨天打的是他。  It was he that I hit yesterday.
  * 我打他是在昨天。  It was yesterday that I hit him.

108.	前者...................后者..............  The former ....... the latter .......  That .................. this ...............

  * 他有一猫一狗，猫很怕狗。
He has a cat and a dog; the former is afraid of the latter.
  = He has a cat and a dog; that is afraid of the this.

109.	一个...........另一个................  1. (只有两个时) one ....., and the other ......  2. (只是不同一个时) one ....., and another ......  3. (有三个时) one ....., and another ........., and the other ......

  * 他有两只狗，一黑一白。     He has two dogs; one is black and the other white.
  * 知是一回事，行是另一回事。 To know is one thing, and to do is another.