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美国之音2007标准下半年ALiving the Simple Life

所属教程:美国之音2007标准下半年A

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Living the Simple Life

By Liu Enming
Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
19 July 2007

"Welcome to the Amish Farm and House. My name is Eric. I will be giving you a brief tour about who the Amish are, their lifestyle, their clothing, why they do the things they do. Right now you are at the Amish Farm and House in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. We are the first Amish home open to the public; we opened in 1955," . Eric Conner, the marketing director of the Amish House and Farm. He says the Amish people choose to live a simple life based on their religious beliefs.

"They came from Europe, specifically Germany and Switzerland. In 1693 they were a persecuted religious group, Because of their persecution, they were forced to meet in homes, meet in basements, and meet in caves for their church services. So when they came to America, they wanted to keep using their homes as their church buildings."

The Amish are very devout and take seriously the biblical commands to separate themselves from the things of the world including electricity. Power comes from propane, kerosene, wood, coal, or natural gas.

Their simple life is even reflected in their plain clothing. In the picture on the left, Conner explains the dress inside this Amish girl's room. "This is not only a church dress. It's also her wedding dress. At the wedding is the last time she wears the white. After the ceremony is over, she comes up to her room, takes off the cape and apron, saves them for the rest of her life. Because the next time she is wearing them, she is wearing these two pieces in a coffin."

Conner says, in the Amish community, hats tell men apart from boys. "Here is a teenager's hat. You know he is a teenager by the flatness of the hat and also the ridge around the top. This means he is in this what they call the running-around period, meaning they can date, they can choose whether to become an Amish or not. Becoming Amish is voluntary, it's not mandatory."

As the world around the peaceful farmland changes, so have some of the traditions of the Amish. Lester Hoover, a tour guide at the farm, says transportation is no longer limited to horse-drawn buggies. "There is a division among the Amish over the automobile. One group got automobiles, another group kept the horse and buggy. we just simply name them old order -- drive the horse and buggy, and the new order -- drive the automobiles. They have electric, they have meeting houses and they don't have green shades."

But many traditions remain. Amish children attend one-room schoolhouses through grade eight and farming is the mainstay of Amish life. Hoover says there are normally two horses on a farm for buggies. Several mules are kept for farming. Milking is one of the most important sources of income on the farm.

Many Amish leaders believe their separation from the outside world strengthens their community. And that community is thriving. Despite what many on the outside would describe as a backwards lifestyle, the Amish population in Lancaster County has almost tripled over the past half century.

过着简朴的生活

欢迎来到阿米绪农场庄园。我叫Eric。我将带领你观看谁是阿米绪人,他们的生活方式,他们的衣着,为什么他们做这样的事情。现在你正在位于宾夕法尼亚州的兰开斯特的阿门农场庄园。我们是首次对外开放阿门庄园。他说阿米绪人坚信自己的宗教信仰过着简朴的生活。

他们来自欧洲,主要是德国和瑞士。在1693年,他们是一个受迫害的宗教团体。由于他们遭受迫害,他们被迫在家中,地下室和窑洞中作祈祷。所以当他们来到美国,他们想保持利用自己的家作为他们的教堂建筑物。

阿米绪人非常虔敬,认真对待圣经命令,把自己从世界事物中分离出来,包括电。能量来源于丙烷,煤油,木头,煤和天然气。

他们简朴的生活可以从他们朴实的衣着表现出来。在一幅画的左面,Conner 解释一件挂在阿米绪女孩屋里的衣服。“这不仅仅是一件教堂女服,也是她的结婚礼服,是她上次在婚礼上穿的这件白色衣服。在仪式结束之后,她进入屋子脱掉海甲和衣裙,保存起来备用。因为下次她还要穿他们,把他们带进棺材。

Conner说,在阿米绪社区,帽子可以把男人和男孩区分开来。“这是个十几岁青少年的帽子,通过帽子的平面和顶部的边缘你可以知道他是个男孩。这意味着他处于孩童时代,他们可以约会,可以选择将来自己是否成为阿米绪人。成为阿米绪人是自愿的,不是强制的。

当世界和平农田发生变化时,阿米绪人保留自己的一些传统。Lester Hoover是一个农场的导游,说运输不再局限于马拉车。“有无汽车的阿米绪人之间划分明显界线,一些人拥有汽车,另一些人保持马拉车。我们把赶马拉车简单地命名为老秩序,开汽车为新秩序。他们有电,有礼拜堂,没有精神绿茵。

但是很多传统都被保留。阿米绪儿童就读单室学校读到八年级便进入农场,农场是阿米绪人生活的主要支柱。Hoover说通常有两匹马拉车。几匹骡子保持在农田耕作。挤奶是农场收入的最重要来源之一。

很多阿米绪领导认为他们与外界的隔离壮大了他们社区。社区正在兴旺。尽管外界很多人士把它描述为落后的生活方式,兰开斯特县的艾米绪人口数目在过去的半个世纪翻了3倍。

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