美国之音口语经典教程Stating the General Time of Your Activities 表示活动的大
Lesson 33Stating the General Time of Your Activities
表示活动的大致时间
Things to Know 学前必读
美国的环境保护运动 (conservation movement) 早在罗斯福执政期间 (Theodore Roosevelt's administration 1901～1909) 就受到重视，随着环境保护运动影响的扩大，得到公众的广泛信任与支持，导致20世纪60年代和70年代一系列联邦法规的出台，如1970年的《清洁空气法》(Clean Air Act) ，1972年的《水污染控制法》(Water Pollution Control Act) ，1973年的《濒临灭绝物种保护法》(Endangered Species Act)等。
美国各州都有自己的法规，例如：一些州已禁止乱扔瓶罐，禁止在肥皂中使用磷酸盐，禁止倾倒工业垃圾。到1986年，已有40个州，80多个城市通过了某种形式的法规，限制在公共场合或上班时吸烟。
在1965年初，国会通过了一项法规，要求在香烟包装上印上警告。这一做法，仅在几年后就被其它国家采纳、效仿。
公众对污染问题的关注，已成为美国人生活的一部分，就连为大家所熟知的可口可乐饮料罐(Coca Cola can) 也受到影响。今天，按法律要求，罐必须做成顶部的拉环(the rings on top) 不能脱离罐被扔掉。
Conversation A : At the Office
CARA: Hello, Martin. Did you finish your story?
MARTIN: Yes, I did. I worked on Saturday.
CARA: When did you finish?
MARTIN: I finished in the evening.
WALEED: Hello, Cara, Martin.
CARA: Hi, Waleed.
MARTIN: Good morning, Waleed. How are you?
WALEED: Fine, thanks. Did you have a nice weekend?
CARA: Wonderful.
MARTIN: I worked.
WALEED: Did you work at the office?
MARTIN: No, I worked at home. I finished a story.
WALEED: I can't work on the weekend. The children are very noisy.
MARTIN: I don't like to work on weekends.
CARA: Martin, when are you going to Pittsburgh?
MARTIN: On Tuesday.
WALEED: Are you working on a story?
MARTIN: Yes, I'm writing a story about Pittsburgh.
WALEED: Didn't you write a story about Pittsburgh last year?
MARTIN: Yes, I did. I wrote a story three years ago, too. I visit Pittsburgh often. sometimes I write a story. I want to see the changes.
WALEED: Has it changed?
MARTIN: Yes, it has changed. I wrote a story ten years ago, too.
WALEED: Pardon?
MARTIN: Ten years ago.
CARA: When did you first visit Pittsburgh?
MARTIN: In 1975. I went with my father to a baseball game.
HOWARD: Good morning, everybody.
OTHERS: Good morning, Howard. Hi. Good morning. How are you?
HOWARD: Where are you going this week, Martin?
MARTIN: Pittsburgh.
HOWARD: When are you going?
MARTIN: I'm going on Tuesday.
CARA: I'm going to work now. There's meeting this morning.
HOWARD: When is the meeting?
CARA: It's at eleven forty-five.
WALEED: Eleven forty-five? When is our meeting, Martin?
MARTIN: Our meeting is at eleven forty-five.
WALEED: Can we change our meeting?
MARTIN: Of course. What time do you want to meet?
WALEED: Can we meet at eleven o'clock?
MARTIN: Yes, we can. Do you want to meet in your office?
WALEED: Can we meet in your office?
MARTIN: When are we going to finish?
WALEED: Before the other meeting.
Practice 1：“介词 at+几点钟”表示特定某点时间，介词 on, in, before, ago 等与时间名词搭配表示某段时间。
Example One:
MRTIN: At seven o'clock.
CARA: At eleven forty-five.
WALEED: At eleven o'clock.
MARTIN: At four o'clock.
CARA: At ten-thiry.
Example Two:
MARTIN: On Saturday. In the evening.
WALEED: On the weekend.
MARTIN: On Tuesday.
WALEED: Last year.
MARTIN: Three years ago. Ten years ago. In 1975.
WALEED: Before the other meeting.
应用表示时间的短语回答：
MARTIN: When did you go to a movie?
YOURSELF: _______________________________.
MARTIN: When did you see you family?
YOURSELF: _______________________________.
MARTIN: When are you going to study?
YOURSELF: _______________________________.
MARTIN: When are you going to shop?
YOURSELF: _______________________________.
会话A : 在办公室
卡 拉：你好，马丁。你写完报导了吗?
马 丁：是的，写完了。我星期六工作了。
卡 拉：你什么时候写完的?
马 丁：我在晚上写完的。
瓦利德：你们好，卡拉，马丁。
卡 拉：你好，瓦利德。
马 丁：早上好，瓦利德，你好吗?
瓦利德：我很好，谢谢。你周末过得好吗?
卡 拉：好极了。
马 丁：我工作了。
瓦利德：你在办公室工作的吗?
马 丁：不是，我在家工作的，我写完了一篇报导。
瓦利德：我在周末无法工作，孩子们很吵闹。
马 丁：我不喜欢在周末工作。
卡 拉：马丁，你什么时候去匹兹堡?
马 丁：星期二。
瓦利德：你在写一篇报导吗?
马 丁：是的，我在写一篇有关匹兹堡的报导。
瓦利德：你去年没写过一篇有关匹兹堡的报导吗?
马 丁：写过，我3年前也写过一篇报导。我经常去匹兹堡，有时我写报导，我想看到匹兹堡所发生的变化。
瓦利德：有变化吗?
马 丁：是的，有变化。我10年前也写过一篇报导。
瓦利德：几年前?
马 丁：10年前。
卡 拉：你第一次访问匹兹堡是什么时候?
马 丁：在1975年，我和我父亲一起去看了一场棒球赛。
霍华德：各位，早上好。
其余人：早上好，霍华德。你好，早上好，你好吗?
霍华德：马丁，这周你去哪儿?
马 丁：匹兹堡。
霍华德：你什么时候去?
马 丁：我星期二去。
卡 拉：现在我要去工作了，今天上午有个会议。
霍华德：会什么时候开?
卡 拉：11点45分开。
瓦利德：11点45分?马丁，我们的会什么时候开?
马 丁：我们的会是11点45分。
瓦利德：我们的会议可以换一下时间吗?
马 丁：当然，可以，你想什么时间开会?
瓦利德：我们11点开会如何?
马 丁：好的，你要在你的办公室开吗?
瓦利德：能在你的办公室开吗?
马 丁：什么时间能开完?
瓦利德：在另一个会议开始以前。
Conversation B
CARA: When are you going to have lunch?
WALEED: I'm not going to have lunch.
HOWARD: After I finish my work.
MARTIN: At twelve-thirty.
MARTIN: Cara, when are you going to Europe?
CARA: We're going next month.
WALEED: Can we go to lunch now?
CARA: Howard isn't here.
WALEED: When is he coming?
MARTIN: In a few minutes.
WALEED: Where are you going in Europe?
CARA: We're going many places.
WALEED: Are you going to Bulgaria?
CARA: Yes, we are.
WALEED: When are you going there?
CARA: Let me see. In about three weeks.
WALEED: I have an uncle in Bulgaria. Can you phone him?
CARA: Of course. Please give me his phone number.
WALEED: OK. I'm going to bring it next week.
MARTIN: When did your uncle go to Bulgaria?
WALEED: Many years ago. He was a student. He studied engineering.
MARTIN: Did he stay there?
WALEED: Yes, he did. He married. He had children.
MARTIN: When did you see him?
WALEED: Twenty years ago. He came to see my father.
WALEED: He is my father's brother.
HOWARD: I'm here.
WALEED: Good, Can we go now?
HOWARD: Were you waiting for me?
WALEED: Of course.
HOWARD: Yes, let's go.
CARA: Martin, when are we going to Georgetown University?
MARTIN: Next week. The demonstration is on Wednesday.
HOWARD: What demonstration is that?
CARA: It is Environmental Day. There is a big demonstration.
WALEED: What is Environmental Day?
MARTIN: The students are having a demonstration about environmental problems. Cara and I are going to write a story.
WALEED: What problems are they demonstrating about?
CARA: Many problems.
MARTIN: We're going to write about river pollution.
CARA: Yes. The university is on the river. We want to listen to the speeken. We want to write about pollution.
MARTIN: We had a story about ocean pollution.
WALEED: When?
CARA: A few weeks ago. We visited the Atlantic Ocean.
HOWARD: When did you go to the Atlantic Ocean?
MARTIN: In the summer.
WALEED: Did you see pollution in the ocean?
CARA: Yes, we did. We saw pollution in some places.
MARTIN: We saw pollution in the river, too.
HOWARD: When?
MARTIN: Last week. Last month. Last year. We want to write about pollution.
Practice 2：表示一段时间的短语有些是表示过去的时间，有些是表示将来的时间，有些既能表示将来也能表示过去。
Example One: (表示过去)
WALEED: Many years ago. Twenty years ago.
CARA: A few weeks ago.
MARTIN: Last week. Last month. Last year.
Example Two:(表示将来)
CARA: Next month.
MARTIN: In a few minutes.
CARA: In about three weeks.
WALEED: Next week.
Example Three: (表示将来及过去)
WALEED: For three years.
MARTIN: On Wednesday. In the summer.
