疯狂英语口语绝招-语音突破经典第15课
Savvy 14第十四招
Intonation Patterns 语调模式
1． Statements
陈述句
○1 Statements that convey neutral information: In these statements, simply drop your voice a bit at the end.
陈述客观事实的陈述句：语调在句子的最后稍微下降。
She's my sister.
They're from Venezuela.
We're going to visit them.
He's here.
I have a dog.
It's beautiful.
We love it.
He's here, but she isn't.
I have a dog, and you have a cat.
She's my sister and he's my cousin.
When I see him, I'll tell him.
After you get here, have a cup of coffee
Before you start, take a deep breath.
Stockholm is the capital of Sweden.
Mrs. Parish is the head of the department.
Hurricanes and tornadoes are very destructive storms.
○2 Statement that conveys surprise, excitement, anger, fear, or other intense emotions: Your voice should still drop at the end but your voice should have a wider range than a neutral statements.
表达惊讶、激动、生气、恐惧，或其它强烈情绪的陈述句：语调仍要在句子的最后稍微下降，但音域要比一般陈述句宽。
Amsterdam is one of the most beautiful cities I've ever seen!
I can't believe he actually said that to you!
We're never gonna finish this project on time!
○3 Commands: In a command, you tell someone to do something. In neutral commands, your voice should drop at the end, much like a neutral statement. But in polite commands, which usually start with could or would, your voice should be higher than a statement.
祈使句：祈使句用来告诉别人去做某事。普通祈使句就像普通陈述句一样用降调。不过在比较客气的祈使句中，声调一般比陈述句高，这些祈使句通常由could或would开始。
Put the letter in the mailbox.
Bring me a cup of coffee.
Tell me where the bus stop is.
Could you please put this letter in the mailbox for me?
Would you bring me a cup of coffee please?
Could you please tell me where the bus stop is?
○4 Counting and Listing: Your voice should go up on each item until you reach the last one. On the last one, drop your voice.
点数和罗列：在这些句子中，除最后一项外，每一项声调都上扬。声调在最后一项要降下来。
One, two, three, four, five.
Four hundred and thirty-seven, four hundred and thirty-eight, four hundred and thirty-nine, four hundred and forty.
I need shoes, socks, shirts, and pants.
He ate two hamburgers, french fries, and an ice cream cone.
She likes perfume, chocolates, flowers, and money.
2． Questions
问题
○1 Yes / No Questions: Your voice goes up at the end.
用Yes或No回答的一般疑问句：声调在句尾上扬。
Are you hungry?
Do you like ice cream?
Does she want to go swimming?
○2 Tag questions
反意问句
If you make a statement and add a question on the end of it, you're making a tag question.
反意疑问句就是前一部分是一个陈述句，后面再跟一个问题。
Tag questions that express confidence and seeks agreement or confirmation: Voice first drops then rises at the end.
表达自信，寻求肯定或证实的反意问句：先用降调，再用升调。
He's coming, isn't he?
You're a lawyer, aren't you?
My sister told you, didn't she?
You'll come to my party, won't you?
Tag questions indicating displeasure: Voice drops on both parts of the sentence.
表示不满的反意问句：声调在句子的两部分都下降。
He's coming, isn't he?
You're a lawyer, aren't you?
My sister told you, didn't she?
You'll come to my party, won't you?
Tag question that expresses uncertainty: Voice drops first and then rises at the end.
表达不确定的反意疑问句：声调先下降，在句尾上扬。
It's snowing, isn't it?
The housekeeper left, didn't she?
○3 Information Questions: The voice generally drops at the end.
特殊疑问句：声调在句尾处下降。
When are you going?
Who is the teacher?
Why are you crying?
Where did he go?
What time is it?
Where are you going?
How much is the movie?
Why don't you take the bus?
When does the show begin?
However, bringing the voice up on the end softens the tone and makes you sound less demanding, abrupt.
不过，如果你想你的话听起来比较不生硬的话，声调在句尾上扬能使音调柔和些。
When does the show begin?
What time is it?
How much is the movie?
○4 Questions with suggested answer: Voice should drop at the end of first part and rises at the suggested answer.
设问句：声调在问句第一部分的结尾下降和在暗示答案结尾上扬。
When are you going, Friday?
Who is the teacher, Miss Smith?
Why are you crying, to make me feel bad?
Where did he go, to the movies?
The answers to this type of questions have their own pattern.
这类问题的答案也有独特的语调模式。
Yes. Friday.
No. Miss Jones.
No. I can't help it.
Yes. To the movies.
○5 Questions indicating annoyance: Voice up on the end.
表示恼怒的问题：声调在句尾上扬。
Why do you ask?
When is he coming?
Where did you hear that?
Who did this to you?
○6 Questions offering a choice: If the question requires a "yes" or "no" answer, voice should go up on the last option. If the question is offering a limited choice, voice goes up on the first choice and down on the second.
选择性疑问句：如果是一般疑问句，声调在最后一个选择上扬。可是，如果你提供的选择有限，声调在第一个选择处上扬，在第二个选择下降。
Would you like potatoes or carrots?
No, I would rather have fruit.
Are you unhappy or uncomfortable?
No, I feel just fine.
Will he eat ice cream or cake?
Yes, he probably will. But he should be on a diet.
Would you like a drink or something?
Yes, please, I'm thirsty.
Would you like potatoes or carrots?
I would like carrots.
Are you unhappy or uncomfortable?
I'm unhappy.
Will he eat ice cream or cake?
He'll have cake.
○7 If you're checking for information or need something repeated, your voice should go up at the end, just as it does for yes/no questions.
如果你想核对一些事情或需要某些东西被重复的话，你的声调应该在句尾上扬，就跟用Yes或No回答的一般疑问句一样。
It's going to be over 100 today. How hot is it going to be?
I'm getting my hair cut today. What are you going to do?
○8 When you repeat a question someone else asked you, your voice should go up on the end also.
当你在重复别人问你的话时，你的声调也应在句尾上扬。
What are you doing?
What am I doing? I'm reading.
○9 It's possible to make a question out of a statement by raising your voice on the end of the sentence.
有时候，可以在句尾用升调把一个陈述句变成一个疑问句。
It's two o'clock already?
Dinner's ready?
3． Greetings
问候语
How many different ways can you say Good morning?
你能想出多少种方法来说Good morning？
Good morning. (Cheerful)
Good morning. (Bored)
Good morning. (Demanding)
Good morning.
Good afternoon.
Good evening.
Good night.
Hello.
Hi.
Excuse me.
Take care.
Be careful.
Drive safely.
Say hello to your mother.
Goodbye.
Bye.
Thank you.
You're welcome.
See you later.
Good morning, Bill.
Good evening, Miss Jones.
Be careful, Emily.
Say hello to your mother, John.
