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锐意英语口语资料库1-10

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A:有评论家认为中国书法的不同流派都有其政治含义。比如王羲之,他的书法曾经被视为对正统文化的攻击而遭诟病,但在他死后几十年,却被朝廷封为书法的正宗。
A: Some critics suggest that different genres of Chinese calligraphy have different political implications.Take Wang Xizhi for example. His calligraphy was repudiated as unorthodox durning his lifetime but only a few decades after his death, was established as an orthodox genre.

B:是这样。历史上,中国书法与权力密不可分。两千多年前,中国的第一个皇帝秦始皇统一了中国的文字。新的简化汉字使书写变得简单。人们使用适合毛笔书写的直线笔画写字,从此产生了隶书。随着时间的转移,其他字体也产生可,最后形成中国书法的五种字体:篆、隶、楷、行、草。
B: That's for sure! Historically, Chinese calligraphy and politics were closely intertwined. Over 2000 years ago. Emperor Qin Shihuang, the first Emperor in Chinese history, established the official Chinese writing characters. The new, simplified characters made writing calligraphy less complicated. It allowed people to use characters with more straight strokes, thus making it easier to write with brushers. This created the Li genre. Over time, other variations were also developed, which eventually lead to the formation of the five genres in Chinese calligraphy. These were the Zhuan, Li, Kai, Xing and Cao gcnrcs.

A:我听说中国的皇帝大多擅长书法,唐代皇帝李世民就热衷于收集王羲之的作品。
A: I've heard that most emperors were good at calligraphy. The Tang Dynasty Emperor Li Shiming was an avid collector of Wang Xizhi's writings.

B:对。清朝皇帝乾隆还编撰了一套字贴,把他认为正宗的字体收录其中。从某种程度上说,皇帝好恶决定了不同书法流派的兴衰。
B: That'right. Qing Dynasty Emperor Qian Long played a key role in compiling an authoritative collection of calligraphy. To some extent, preferences of the Emperors had an influence on the rise and fall of certain calligraphy genres.

A:普通中国人似乎也热爱书法。
A: Ordinary Chinese people also seemed to like calligraphy a lot.

B:这一方面是因为历代皇帝的提倡,另一方面是因为朝廷从7世纪开始实行的科举考试。这种考试借文章选拔人才,成为平民百姓的晋身之阶。书法因此受到重视。此外,书法还有着实际的效用,比如结交朋友。比起珠宝或金钱,送人一副书法作品就来得高雅、体面。
B: Part of the reason was the sponsorship by the Emperors. Another reason was the Imperial Civil Service exminations that started in the 7th century. Those examinations were focused on writing and provided a way for ordinary people to achieve a better life. As a result, calligraphy became widdely accepted. Calligraphy also had its practical values because it was a good way to make friends and was more presentable as a gift rather than jewelry or money

A;现在的书法还有这样的功效吗?
A: Does calligraphy still have these practical functions now?

B:还有。很多人研习书法的目的是提升文化素养;老年人学习书法是为了保健强身。人们认为,在凝神气定地思考布局的过程中,体内的气会随之运动,对健康颇有益处。
B: Yes. Many people practice calligraphy as a method to keep fit. They believe that when a person concentrates on writing calligraphy, his inner wellbeing is stimulated.

A:我一直认为电脑的出现会导致中国书法的衰落。现在看来,这不太可能。你怎么能拿着一幅从电脑中打印出来的书法作品送给上司呢?
A: I had thought computer would lead to the disappearance of Chinese calligraphy, Now I understand that's not likely to happen. How can you give your boss computerprinted calligraphy as a gift?

B:除非你想让他炒掉你。
B: You don't, unless you want him to fire you!

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