Listen To This3lesson 3
- 听力原文
- 答案
News in Brief
News Item 1:
1. General Comprehension. Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements according to what you have heard.
(1) IBM announced today it is .
(2) IBM is selling .
(3) The in South Africa has caused this decision.
(4) Anti-apartheid groups have this decision.
(5) IBM employs some people in South Africa.
2. Spot Dictation. Listen to the tape again and fill in the following blanks.
Charles Redmond said the Reagan Administration believes US in South Africa has been a against . "We regret any decision to involvement in South Africa."
3. Focusing on Details. Complete the following statement with details.
The US State Department regrets the reductions of US private sector involvement in South Africa because they could
a. have ,
b. injure , and
c. limit .
News Item 2:
1. General Comprehension. Complete the chart to provide a brief summary of the news item.
Event: Demonstration
Place: &
City:
Country:
Race:
2. Focusing on Details. Fill the detailed information according to what you have heard.
(1) Number of demonstrators:
(2) Number of people arrested: more than
(3) Causes of the demonstration:
a. suspecting
b. blaming
(4) Government appealed for .
(5) An official statement is expected from .
(6) Mugabe is just back from .
News Item 3:
1. General Comprehension. Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements according to what you have heard.
(1) President Reagan met with Helmut Kohl.
(2) The meeting lasted about .
(3) The meeting took place at today.
(4) Kohl expressed .
2. Summary. Use all the information you have gathered in Exercise 1 and try to write a summary for News Item 3.
News in Detail
General Comprehension. Choose the best answer (a, b, c, or d) to complete each of the following statements.
1. West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl ___________.
a. has been in Washington D.C. for four days
b. is in Washington D.C. for four days of meetings
c. has been in Washington D.C. four hours before he talks with President Reagan
d. is in Washington D. C. for a four-hour meeting
2.One of the following is on Kohl's agenda. It is ___________.
a. arms control talks
b. economic relations with South Africa
c. Germany's policy towards South Africa
d. US-Soviet summit meeting in Iceland
3. The major topic of discussion with Chancellor Kohl today is _____________.
a. the agreement signed by the United States and the Soviet Union in Reykjavik
b. US-Soviet arms control talks
c. America's European allies
d. Arms control between US and the Soviet Union
4. According to President Reagan, achieving an agreement with the Soviet Union would depend upon _____________.
a. pushing ahead with his SDI program
b. the strength, realism and unity of European allies
c. weakness or timidity on the part of Western nations
d. eliminating long-range missiles in Europe
5. Proposal was made in Reykjavik on eliminating _____________.
a. shorter-range missiles
b. medium-range missiles
c. long-range missiles
d. intercontinental missiles
6. According to members of NATO, the carrying out of the proposal would leave Europe vulnerable to the Soviet ______________.
a. long-range missiles
b. air-to-air missiles
c. shorter-range missiles and greater superiority in conventional forces
d. air and naval superiority
7. The allies want reductions in medium-range missiles ______________ reductions in shorter-range missiles and conventional forces.
a. made after
b. tied to
c. made before
d. made at the same time
8. Chancellor Kohl was expected to urge President Reagan _______________.
a. to keep talks between the US and the Soviet Union moving
b. to stop SDI program
c. to compromise on talks between the US and the Soviet Union
d. to step up SDI program
9. A senior administration official quoted Kohl as saying that ________________.
a. he has no objections to the Strategic Defense system
b. he has always been in favor of the Strategic Defense system
c. he has always been opposing the Strategic Defense system
d. he did not want to mention SDI in his arrival remarks
Special Report
1. General Comprehension. Fill in the blanks with basic facts concerning the program.
(1) Program organizer: a group of
(2) Place:
(3) duration of involvement: almost
(4) Plans:
a. to expand
b. to supply
(5) Promise: to hire
2. Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
(1) The Boston business community offered and later to Boston teachers.
(2) Boston business community has pumped more than $ into the public schools.
(3) The business leaders say they are ready to make their biggest commitment: . It is to .
(4) The title of the program is , .
(5) all the poor kids could get the scholarship for their further education; only those could get it.
(6) The average gram is around $ .
(7) Boston students have received money from this program.
3. Focusing on Details. Fill in the blanks with information about Robert Weaver.
(1) Robert Weaver's major is .
(2) Now he studies in the in Boston.
(3) He will get his degree . (When?)
(4) He afforded college with
a. the grant from the program;
b. the ;
c. what he earned from his , and
d. his .
(5) The total amount of Wentworth's bill was $ .
4. Spot Dictation. Listen to the tape again and fill in the following blanks.
(1) Unemployment here is among in the nation and say they're having a hard time .
(2) The ACESS program is not . There is a bit of
(3) If where you are has a supply of qualified people to , that can't be anything .
(4) Philips says any scholarship student who will be given over other job applicants by .
5. Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements according to the last part of the report.
(1) The business group now is collecting the .
(2) dollars has already been collected.
(3) of Boston's most influential corporations have joined in the program.
(4) US Education Secretary predicted the program will .
1. IBM
IBM stands for International Business Machines which is one of the world's largest manufacturers of electric and electronic office machines. It was originally the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, founded in 1914 by Thomas John Watson (1874??1956) and renamed in 1924.
2. Apartheid
System of racial segregation practiced in the Republic of South Africa. It excludes the country's black majority from participation in the country's government and keeps blacks at the bottom of the economic ladder. It was legally formulated in 1948 after the Afrikaners gained control. Pressure of world opinion, the rise of black African states on South Africa's borders, and the need for a larger, skilled labor force internally, have led to its modification, and under President Pieter W. Botha the process of rationalization was being speeded.
3. General Motros
General Motors Corporation is a US producer of motor vehicles and the largest private corporation in the world. Incorporated in 1916, with headquarters in Detroit, Michigan, it developed the electric self-starter, ethyl gasoline, and crankcase ventilation.
4. South Africa
The Republic of South Africa occupies the south extremity of the African continent, with an area of 437,876 square miles. It has a population of 34.4 million, sixty-eight percent of which are blacks. South Africa has three capitals, with Pretoria as the administrative one, Cape Town as the legislative and Bloemfontein as the Judicial capital. Although its new Constitution of 1984 brought Indian and mixed-race people into a racially divided Parliament, South Africa continued to practice its policy of apartheid and exclude blacks who make up sixty-eight percent of the population.
5. Harare
Capital of Zimbabwe with a population of 681,000. The site of the city was first occupied by the British in 1890 and named Fort Salisbury in honor of Lord Salisbury, the Prime Minister of the UK. It was created a city in 1935, and after independence was renamed Harare City in 1982. It is the center of a rich farming area, with tobacco, metallurgical, food processing and other industries, and is a hub of communications and commerce, with an international airport at nearby New Sarum.
6. Zimbabwe
The Republic of Zimbabwe locates in central Africa bordered by Zambia to the north, South Africa to the south, Mozambique to the east, and Botswana to the west. It occupies an area of 150,699 square miles, with a population of 9.4 million, ninety-eight percent of which are blacks. English serves as the official language. Zimbabwe has been occupied from early times by Bantu peoples, notably the Mashona, who built Zimbabwe and established an industrial culture, mining gold and working metal with skill. From 1889 the area had been controlled by Britain and did not become legally independent until 1979, following the London Conference.
7. Malawi
The Republic of Malawi is a landlocked country in southeastern Africa, surrounded by Mozambique, Zambia, and Tanzania. Lake Malawi, formerly Lake Nyasa, occupies most of the country's eastern border. It occupies an area of 45,747 square miles, with a population of 7.4 million. Its capital is Lilongwe and English is its official language. The first European to make extensive explorations in the area was a Portuguese, David Livingstone, but the country became a British protectorate in 1891, and from 1907 was known as Nyasaland which became the independent nation of Malawi on July 6, 1964. Two years later, it became a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations.
1. Helmut Kohl
German public official, who became chancellor of West Germany in 1982 after passing a motion of no confidence against Chancellor Schmidt. After the reunification of east and west Germany in October, 1990, Kohl became the chancellor of the United Germany.
2. Iceland
The Republic of Iceland, an island of 39,709 square miles, lies in the north Atlantic Ocean east of Greenland and just touches the Arctic Circle. It is one of the most volcanic regions in the world. The population, 200,000, is almost all Icelandic. Reykjavik is its capital and the largest city. More than thirteen percent of the country is covered by snowfields and glaciers, and most of the people live in the seven percent of the island comprising fertile coastlands.
3. Reykjavik
Capital and chief port of Iceland, on its southwest coast. It has a university founded in 1911, and a cathedral. Many of the houses are wooden. It is a modern city, heated by underground mains fed by the volcanic springs. It has a population of 87,100.
4. US Secretary of State
The chief adviser to the president on foreign affairs, in charge of the State Department, and responsible for the execution of foreign policy.
5. SDI
SDI stands for Strategic Defense Initiative, called "Star Wars" by the media and its critics. It is a defense system against incoming missiles, especially from the Soviet Union. It came into being under Reagan's administration as a result of the Cold War.
6. NATO
NATO stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization which was established after the Treaty was signed in Washington, D.C., on April 4, 1949 by Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, UK, and the USA The signatories agreed that "an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all." Greece and Turkey acceded in 1952, and Germany in 1955. The chief body of NATO is the Council of Foreign Ministers which holds periodic meetings and also functions in permanent session through the appointment of permanent representatives.
1. Boston
Capital of Massachusetts, at the mouth of the river Charles where it enters Massachusetts Bay. Boston is a cultural center, and has been the home of many literary and political figures. The inhabitants, for the main part descendants of the original New England settlers, were long regarded as the aristocrats of the USA, but Irish, Italian, Polish and Czech immigrants have modified the former Puritan basis of the population. There are many fine buildings and historical landmarks, including Boston University, the public library and the statehouse on Beacon Hill, overlooking the city. The Boston Symphony Orchestra is world-famous.
2. Poverty level
The poverty level is determined on the basis of the minimal cost of living for a family of four estimated by the Department of Agriculture. The amount of money should provide a family of four with a minimum food plan, indoor plumbing, a double bed for every two people, eating utensils, and a few other essentials. However, it is not enough to buy much meat or many fresh fruits and vegetables. There is no allowance for dental care or entertainment, and very little for clothes.
More than fifty black youths were arrested today in Harare, Zimbabwe, when police broke up demonstrations at South African offices and the US embassy. Julie Fredricks reports. "A group of more than a thousand students and youths caused thousands of dollars of damage by burning and stoning the offices of the South African trade mission, South African Airways, Air Malawi, and the Malawian High Commission. The demonstrators suspected South African complicity in the plane crash that killed Mozambiquan President Machel in South Africa and blamed Malawi for supporting the Pretoria-backed insurgents that are attacking Mozambique. Zimbabwean government officials appealed for calm, and a statement from Prime Minister Mugabe just back from a trip to London is expected tomorrow. For National Public Radio, this is Julie Fredricks in Harare.
President Reagan met for about an hour today with West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl at the White House. Kohl is the first European Leader to visit the President since the Reykjavik summit. US officials say Kohl expressed support for the President's SDI program.
West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl is in Washington D.C. for four days of meetings. Among the issues on his agenda are economic relations with the US and Germany's policy towards southern Africa. But today, Kohl's talk with President Reagan was dominated by the recent US-Soviet summit meeting in Iceland. NPR's Brenda Wilson reports.
While no major agreement was signed by the United States and the Soviet Union in Reykjavik, the two countries made progress in arms control talks in areas that are a central concern to America's European allies. Those particular areas involve disarmament proposals made in Iceland, affecting medium-range missiles and long-range missiles over which allies have voiced some reservations. This was a major topic of discussion with Chancellor Kohl today, even though his Foreign Minister was briefed by the US Secretary of State only last week. In remarks welcoming Chancellor Kohl, President Reagan sounded a positive note, saying that there was ample reason for optimism. "When the next agreement is finally reached with the Soviet Union, and I say when, not if, it will not be the result of weakness of timidity on the part of Western nations. Instead, it will flow from our strength, realism and unity." The President also explained that achieving such an agreement would depend upon pushing ahead with his Strategic Defense Initiative, SDI, because it offered protection against cheating. But members of NATO, including Germany, have expressed concern that eliminating medium-range missiles in Europe as was proposed in Reykjavik would potentially leave Europe vulnerable to the Soviet shorter-range missiles and greater superiority in conventional forces. They expressed doubts that SDI could make up for those deficiencies. The allies, in particular West Germany, want reductions in medium-range missiles tied to reductions in shorter-range missiles and conventional forces. Chancellor Kohl was expected to press these points and to urge President Reagan to compromise on SDI to keep talks between the US and the Soviets moving. Speaking through an interpreter in his arrival remarks, Kohl did not mention SDI, "It remains our goal, and I know that I shared with you, Mr. President, to create peace and security with ever fewer weapons. In Reykjavik, thanks to your serious and consistent efforts in pursuit of peace, a major step was taken in this direction. And we must now take the opportunities that present themselves without endangering our defensive capability."
After the meeting between Kohl and the President, a senior administration official quoted Kohl as saying that he has always been in favor of the Strategic Defense system. At the White House, I'm Brenda Wilson.
A group of business leaders in Boston today announced plans to expand a college scholarship program to include any eligible Boston high school graduate. The business leaders announced plans for a permanent five-million dollar endowment fund, and they also promise to hire any of the students who go on to complete their college educations. Andrew Kaffery of member station WBUR has the report.
The Boston business community's involvement in the Boston public school dates back almost twenty years, from work internships to an endowment program for Boston teachers. Business has pumped more than one million dollars into the public schools. Now business leaders say they're ready to make their biggest commitment yet: a multi-million dollar scholarship program that will enable the city's poorest kids to go on to college and to jobs afterward. The program is called Action Center for Educational Services and Scholarships, or ACESS. According to Daniel Cheever, the President of Boston's Wheelock College, ACESS in not a blank check for the eligible graduates. "First We'll help them get as much aid as they can from other sources, and secondly, we'll provide the last dollar scholarship. I should add, of course, they have to qualify for financial aid; that is, we're not handing out money to students who don't need it." The average grant is around five hundred dollars and already the program has given one hundred Boston students more than fifty thousand dollars in scholarship money.
Other assistance from the program has helped those students raise more than six hundred thousand dollars in additional financial aid. School officials say this program will help a system where 43% of the students live below the poverty level, and almost half who enter high school drop out. Robert Weaver was on Boston high school graduate who could not afford college. He's in the ACESS program now and will get a degree in airplane mechanics next year from the Wentworth Institute of Technology in Boston. "I got the Pale grant and the state scholarship, but there was still a gap. There was like a twenty-three hundred-dollar gap. Wentworth's total bill was fifty-seven hundred, so I had to fill that amount with working over the summer, my family contribution. I paid for my own books, my own tools, things like that. But without ACESS I wouldn't be where I am today."
This program comes at an important time for the city of Boston. Unemployment here is among the lowest in the nation and business leaders say they're having a hard time finding qualified job applicants. So the ACESS program is not just good public relations. Business leaders, like Edward Philips, who is the chairman of the ACESS program, say there's a bit of self-preservation involved. "Over time, we believe this program will increase the flow of Boston residents into Boston businesses and that, of course, is a self-serving opportunity. If where you are has a supply of qualified people to enter managerial and technical-professional level jobs, that can't be anything but a plus." Philips says any scholarship student who finishes college will be given hiring priority over other job applicants by the participating businesses. College student Robert Weaver says the program has inspired other high school students to stay in school. "I went back to my high school yesterday, Brighton High School, and I talked to a senior class, the general assembly, and I was telling them basically what I'm involved in, and basically, to get yourselves motivated and go look for those ACESS advisers. They're not going to come to you all the time. You have to get out there and get it if you want to take account for your own life, because no one else is going to do it for you. And that really pumped them up, and now that they're aware, and they know that ACESS advisers are there, things will be a lot easier for them."
The business group is in the middle of a five-million-dollar fund drive. Two million dollars has already been collected. Thirty-two of Boston's most influential corporations have already joined in, with twenty more soon to follow. The program has drawn the praise of US Education Secretary William Bennett, who predicted it will become a national model. For National Public Radio, I'm Andrew Kaffery in Boston.
