《Munich》　慕尼黑　纷繁谜团背后的人性大网

No.049　《Munich》　慕尼黑　纷繁谜团背后的人性大网

英文导读

Munich is a 2005 historical film about the Israeli government's secret retaliation against the Black September terrorist group after the Munich massacre during the 1972 Summer Olympics. The film was produced and directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Tony Kushner and Eric Roth.

The 1972 Olympics in Munich, Germany, were supposed to be a peaceful gathering of outstanding athletes from around the world, but on September 5, the games took a sinister turn when eight masked Palestinian terrorists invaded the Olympic village, killing two Israeli athletes and abducting nine others. The kidnappers demanded safe passage out of Germany in addition to the release of Arab prisoners in Israeli and German prisons, but when they arrived at the Munich airport they were met by German police and military forces, and in the melee that followed, all nine hostages were killed. In the wake of the killings, the Israeli government gave Mossad, the nation's intelligence agency, a special assignment—to track down and eliminate the Palestinians responsible for the death of the Israeli athletes. A young and idealistic Mossad agent (Eric Bana) is assigned to the four-man unit created to wipe out the Olympic terrorists, but while he believes in serving his country, as their bloody work goes on he begins to buckle under the weight of his work and wonders if he can morally justify his nation's acts of revenge. Munich also stars Geoffrey Rush, Daniel Craig, Mathieu Kassovitz, and Ciarán Hinds.

The film is based on the book Vengeance: The True Story of an Israeli Counter-Terrorist Team by Canadian journalist George Jonas, which in turn was based on the story of Yuval Aviv, who claims to have been a Mossad agent. In the book, Aviv's story is told through a protagonist called "Avner".

The film was shot in Malta, Budapest, Fürstenfeldbruck Air Base, Paris, and New York.The box office gross was$130,346,986.

The film garnered a 78% favorable rating from critics (per Rotten Tomatoes). Roger Ebert praised the film, saying that "With this film (Spielberg)has dramatically opened a wider dialogue, helping to make the inarguable into the debatable." and placed it at the third on his top ten list of 2005. James Berardinelli wrote that "Munich is an eye-opener – a motion picture that asks difficult questions, presents well-developed characters, and keeps us white-knuckled throughout." He named it the best film of the year; it was the only film in 2005 which he gave four stars, and he also put it on his Top 100 Films of All Time list. Entertainment Weekly film critic Owen Gleiberman said that Munich was the first film of 2005.

The film was nominated for five Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Director (Spielberg), Best Adapted Screenplay (Kushner and Roth), Best Film Editing (Michael Kahn) and Best Original Score (John Williams). However, it won none.

获奖情况

2006年第78届奥斯卡：最佳影片提名、最佳导演提名、最佳改编剧本提名、最佳剪辑提名、最佳原创配乐提名。

影片信息

导演：史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格

编剧：托尼·库什纳、艾瑞克·罗斯

主演：艾瑞克·巴纳、丹尼尔·克雷格、塞伦·希德、马修·卡索维茨

类型：剧情、惊悚、历史

制片国家（地区）：美国、加拿大、法国

上映日期：2006-01-06（美国）

片长：164分钟

又名：《慕尼黑惨案》《复仇》

剧情简介

1972年，在联邦德国举办的第20届奥运会上，巴勒斯坦的极端恐怖组织“黑色九月”闯进了奥运村，绑架了11名以色列运动员，以此要挟以色列释放被关押的该组织成员。本该是万众欢腾的慕尼黑，却被重重的阴森恐怖所笼罩。

以色列的杀手们不理解他们暗杀目标的选定方式，也不明白手中黑名单上的人从何而来，开始怀疑自己的所作所为是否正确。在他们的内心进行挣扎的时候，联邦德国的警察直接冲进了恐怖组织的巢穴，企图武装营救人质，这样的结局导致了11名以色列运动员全部遇难。

事件发生之后，以色列“摩萨德”组织高层迅速训练了一批特工，展开了对“黑色九月”组织以及相关的巴勒斯坦人长达一个世纪的血腥报复……

制作花絮

《慕尼黑》的开拍日，正好是《世界大战》的首映日。

在片场，虽然斯皮尔伯格才是“老板”，但演员们却更愿意听取编剧托尼·库什纳的建议。

在马耳他实地拍摄时，剧组中的一辆德国进口的货车突然起火，每一个人都惊恐地以为这是一场恐怖袭击……后来才知道是由于马耳他的夏天太热了，导致发动机超负荷，才会引起火灾，好在没人受伤。

杰弗里·拉什的角色本来属于本·金斯利，怎奈金斯利另有一部片约在身，实在分身乏术。

重点学习

In the wake of the killings

In the wake of是英语中的一个固定搭配，是“紧跟，尾随；伴随而来；紧紧跟在…的后面；效仿；作为…的结果”的意思，比如：She hands over a letter written by her GP in the wake of the operation. （她递过来一封信，那是她的家庭医生在手术之后紧跟着写下的。）另外，在航海学中，该搭配还有“追随着前船的航迹（船驶过后留在水面的余迹），跟在前船后面”的意思。

A young and idealistic Mossad agent (Eric Bana) is assigned to the four-man unit created to wipe out the Olympic terrorists

Wipe out是英语中一个固定搭配，在文中是“消灭；杀死，杀光”的意思，比如：Half of the population was wiped out by the plague.（一半的人口在瘟疫中丧生。）

Wipe out还有“破坏；彻底毁掉；擦掉；消除；擦净…的内部”的意思，比如：The town was wiped out by the earthquake. （城市在地震中被毁掉了。）

单词时间

retaliation[riˌtæliˈeiʃən] n. 报复；反击；回敬

massacre[ˈmæsəkə] n. 大屠杀

sinister[ˈsinistə] adj. 阴险的；凶兆的；灾难性的；左边的

terrorist[ˈterərist] n. 恐怖主义者，恐怖分子

abduct[æbˈdʌkt] vt. 绑架；诱拐

intelligence[inˈtelidʒəns] n. 智力；情报工作；情报机关；理解力

assignment[əˈsainmənt] n. 分配；任务；作业；功课

buckle[ˈbʌkl] vi. 扣住；变弯曲

protagonist[prəuˈtæɡənist] n. 主角，主演；主要人物，领导者

dramatically[drəˈmætikəli] adv. 戏剧地；引人注目地

inarguable[inˈɑ:ɡjuəbl] adj. 不容争辩的