英语听力文摘 令人烦恼的青春痘
痤疮是发生在毛囊皮脂腺的慢性皮肤病，发生的因素多种多样，但最直接的因素就是毛孔堵塞。毛孔堵塞以后，毛囊里面的油脂排不出来，越积越多就形成一个个小痘痘，青春痘就是这样发生的。不太严重的青春痘通常都能看到一个白色或者黑色的顶，这就是白头粉刺与黑头。粉刺，你也可以挤出一些白色的分泌物，这就是堆积在毛孔里面的油脂，并非脏的东西，也不是所谓的螨虫。只要毛孔不堵塞，痘痘就不会轻易冒出来。粉刺痤疮的形成一般都是由于内分泌失调所引起的，这种粉刺痤疮可以用一些专业药物进行调理;粉刺痤疮是一种皮肤疾病，形成一般与内分泌失调、雄性激素分泌旺盛相关，不是口服哪一种药物或者涂抹化妆品便能治愈的，一定要接受正规的皮肤病专科医院或者皮肤科的治疗，进行内分泌的调理与体内雄性激素的平衡，只要坚持治疗一般都是可以根治的。
One of the least pleasant things about being human is the appearance at adolescence of pimples. Not only do they make their entrance just at the time when people are most self-conscious, but they come and go for the rest of your life. It would almost be better to have a hairy face.
Ironically, the general covering of our bodies in hair — what we call “fur” on other animals — is at the root of our problem with acne. In the course of evolution human beings lost their entirely hairy faces and now have a lot of exposed skin there: even a bearded man with bushy eyebrows has much of his face bare.
The structures in the facial skin that once gave rise to hair, however, have not disappeared entirely: many still contain tiny vestigial hairs which do not grow. That means there is nothing to open up the pore itself; and that means the pore is a great place for oils, dirt and bacteria to get clogged. You can get zits anywhere vestigialfollicles become clogged.
The big culprit on faces, though, isn’t dirt so much as an internally-produced substance called sebum that makes the skin cells shed inside the pores. These dead cells, unable to (1)flake away, collect until they become an irritation to the pore. At this point the body reacts in a miniature version of the way it deals with any other invasion: it sends white blood cells to the site to attack the invading body. The result is a mild inflammation at the site of battle. That inflammation is the zit.
So evolution, while having cleaned our hairy faces, gave us pimply skin instead.
Notes:
(1)flake away 剥落
The paint is flaking away in this dry weather.
在这种干燥的天气中，油漆正在剥落。
