复杂的非谓语动词的理解 例277

例277　Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush's predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half.

【结构分析】该句子的主干是由and连接的两个分句，即American president and vice-president have surnames, and 26 of...had surnames。第一个分句的宾语surnames后是分词结构starting with作定语；第二个分句宾语紧跟的介词结构in the first half of the alphabet作定语，另外一个介词短语是against just 16 of George Bush's predecessors had surnames in the second half。

【亮点回放】此句话的亮点在于两个并列句的成功使用，第一个并列句里面有分词定语，第二个并列句里面有介词短语，难度都很大。

【核心词汇】

the American president and vice-president　美国的总统和副总统

surnames　姓氏

starting with B and C respectively　分别是以B和C字母起头

George Bush's predecessors　乔治·布什的前任

【参考译文】如此这般，美国的总统和副总统的姓氏分别是以B和C字母起头。乔治·布什的前任有二十六位（包括其父）的姓氏均在字母表的前半部，而姓氏在字母表后半部的却仅有十六位。