复杂的非谓语动词的理解 例297

例297　Theories centering on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through interactions with others.

【结构分析】主句话的主干是Theories suggest..., centering on the individual是个分词定语修饰前面的主语，suggest后面是典型的宾语从句that children engage in criminal behavior...，宾语从句中套上了两个并列的原因状语从句，也就是because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through interactions with others。

【亮点回放】此句话的亮点在于宾语从句里面套用了两个神奇的原因状语从句，让青少年犯罪的原因很清楚，在写作的时候可以使用并列原因状语从句，表示原因的效果真的很好。

【核心词汇】

center on　注重

engage in criminal behavior　从事犯罪行为

sufficiently penalized　充分惩罚

previous misdeeds　以前做错事

criminal behavior　犯罪行为

interactions with others　与别人之间的交往

【参考译文】从个人因素出发的理论认为青少年之所以犯罪是因为他们之前做错一些小事没有被充分地惩罚，或是因为他们通过与别人交往学习犯罪行为。