1. [望文生义]根据所学的词根和词缀的知识写出下列单词的词义。
① anthropogeography n. ② anthroposociology n.
2. [寻根问底]指出下列单词的词根并领会其词义的由来。
① anthropomorphous a.有人形的；似人的
anthropomorphize v.（把动物等）拟作人（提示：morph=shape）
② anthropophagy n.食人肉的习性
anthrophagous a.食人肉的（提示：phag=to eat）
③ anthropometry n.人体测量学（提示：metr=to measure）
④ anthropocentric a.以人类为宇宙中心的（提示：centr=center）
⑤ zoanthropy n. [医] 变兽幻想（提示：zo=animal）
6. arch [GK]=rule统治
在政治术语anarchy, monarch, monarchy和oligarch中，有个常用词根arch。它来自希腊名词arkhos，意为rule（统治）。在派生词中arch常作ruler（统治者）或government（政体）解。
anarchy [an-(a-)=no, without无；arch=rule治理；-y n.=the state表状态→“the state without rule or government缺乏治理，没有政府”→] n. absence of government or control无秩序；无政府状态：Any form of government is better than anarchy. 任何形式的政体都比无政府状态好。
▽anarchic [anarch(y);-ic a.] a.无政府主义的
anarchism [anarch(y);-ism a.] n.无政府主义
anarchist [anarch(y);-ist n.] n.无政府主义者
monarch [mon=one, alone单一；arch=ruler统治者→“only one ruler, or one who rules a country alone单独治理国家者”→] n. king of sovereign国王，君主：The monarch was ousted.国王被赶下台了。
▽monarchal [monarch;-al a.] a.国王的，君主的
monarchy [mon-=one, alone单一；arch=ruler统治者；-y n.=the state表状态→“the state or government of only one ruler单人统治的政体”→] n. government ruled by a monarch君主政体；君主国：China was once a monarchy.中国曾经是个君主国。
▽monarchic [monarch(y);-ic a.] a.君主制的；君主国的
monarchism [monarch(y);-ism n.] n.君主制度；君主主义
oligarch [olig-=few少，寡；arch=ruler统治者→“one of a few rulers少数统治者之一”→] n. member of an oligarchy寡头统治成员：finan-cial oligarch金融寡头
oligarchy [olig-=few少，寡；arch=ruler统治者；-y n.=the state表状态→“the state or government by a few rulers由少数人统治的政府”→] n. rule or government by a few, often for their own interests寡头政治；寡头统治的政府：Ancient Sparta was really an oligarchy.古斯巴达实际上是个寡头统治的国家。
▽oligarchic [oligarch(y);-ic a.] a.寡头政治的
polyarchy [poly-=many多；arch=ruler统治者；-y n.=the state表状态→“the state or government by many rulers多人的统治”→] n. rule or government by many heads多头政治
matriarch [matri=mother 母；arch=ruler 统治者→“a ruler who is a mother母权统治者”→] n. woman who rules a large family or tribe女家长；女族长：This tribe is still led by matriarchs.该部落依然以女族长为首。
▽matriarchal [matriarch;-al a.] a.女家长的；女族长的
matriarchy [matri=mother母；arch=rule统治；-y n.=the state表状态→“the state of rule by mothers 母权统治”→] n. social group or system ruled only by women母权制；母系氏族制：Many ancient societies were matriarchies.许多远古社会是母权制社会。
archives [arch=ruler统治者；-ive n.=thing物；-s 表复数→“documents belonging to rulers属于统治者的文件”→] n.① public records档案② place in which public records are stored档案室（馆）：the central archives of the state国家档案馆
▽archivist [archiv(es);-ist n.] n.档案保管员
archival [archiv(es);-al a.] a.关于档案的；在档案中的
arch还可以当前缀使用。arch-意思是chief（主要的）。
archenemy [arch-=chief主要的；enemy n.敌人→] n. chief enemy首敌；大敌
architect [arch-=thief首要的；-i-;tect=builder建筑者→“chief builder建筑者的首领”→] n. designer of buildings建筑设计师
▽architecture [architect;-ure n.] n.建筑学
architectonic [architect;-onic(-ic) a.] a.关于建筑的
