1. [由此及彼]根据已知单词的词义推断出其同根词的词义。
① replenished a.已补充的→unreplenished a.
② complete a.完整的→incomplete a.
2. [同义相连]将左栏中的单词和右栏中相对应的词义连接起来。
① plenitude a.完成；实现
② completion b. [生]互补作用
③ complementation c.充满，充斥；过饱
④ repletion d.增补，补充；追加
⑤ supplementation e.完全，充分；充足，丰富
3. [望文生义]根据所学词根的知识推测下列单词的词义。
已知：potence n.=power;lun=the moon
求：① plenipotence n.
② plenilune n.
4. [寻根问底]指出下列单词的词根并领会其词义的由来。
① plenary a.完全的；全体出席的
② plena a.充实的
③ plenish v.装满
plenishment n.装满
④ plenism n.宇宙充满物质论
⑤ expletive a.填补的，补足的 n.填充词，虚词
⑥ aplenty a.丰富的，充裕（提示：a-=on;in）
5. [节外生枝] plen有两个异体ply和plish，主要出现以下常用词中。
① supply v.供给，供应；弥补；满足
supplier n.供应者
suppliable a.可供给的，可供应的
② accomplish v.达到，完成；实现
accomplishment n.成就，成绩
71. plic, plicate, ply [L]=to bend or fold弯，折
常用词apply，appliance，applicant，application之间存在着词义相连的派生关系。这组词中包含的ply（pli），plic，plicate都是拉丁动词plicare的词根。plic是不定词干，plicate是动名词干；pli是plic在法语中的形式，ply则是pli经英语“正字”之后的标准形式，只能出现在动词的词尾。这些异形根形式多样,词根的基本义却较简单，相当于to fold（折）或to bend（弯）。
apply [ap-(ad-)=to向；ply=to fold折→“to fold to something so as to attach it折向某物以便与之相连”→] v.① put to use运用，应用：to apply the brakes 扳闸刹车 ② be suitable 适用：The theory doesn't apply in this case.这个理论在此行不通。③request（to attach to）申请（参与）：She applied to several colleges.她向好几个大学申请入学。
▽appliance [appli (=apply);-ance n.] n.器具，器械；应用
applicable [ap-;plic;-able a.] a.可应用的；适用的
applicant [ap-;plic;-ant n.] n.申请者
application [ap-;plicat;-ion n.] n.申请；申请书
imply [im-(in-)=in进；ply=to fold折→“to fold in so as not to show out折进去以免直露”→] v.① indicate or suggest without words暗指，暗示：His actions implied a lack of faith. 他的行为暗示缺乏信任。② involve as necessary必然包含：A fair trial implies a jury that is not biased.一场公平审判的前提是陪审团必须公正不倚。
▽implicit [im-;plic;-it a.] a.含蓄的；内含的
implicate [im-;plic;-ate v.] v.涉及；意味着；暗指
implication [im-;plic;-ation n.] n.涉及；暗示，暗指
reply [re-=back回；ply=to fold折→“to fold back折回”→] v.① respond by action反应，回应：to reply to the enemy's fire反击敌火的炮火② give an answer回答，答复：to reply to a question回答问题
▽replicate [re-;plic;-ate a.] a.折转的，反折的
replication [re-;plic;-ation] n.反折；回答
multiply [multi=many多；ply=to fold折→“to fold many times折叠多次”→] v. ① (cause) to grow in number（使）增加：Problems multi-plied under his leadership.由于他的领导，问题增多了。② find the product by multiplication乘：to multiply 3 by 4 3乘4
▽multiplier [multipl(y);-ier n.] n.乘数
multiplication [multi;plic;-ation n.] n.增加；乘法
comply [com-=together一起；ply=to bend弯→“to bend together一起弯下腰来”→] v. obey依从，服从：to comply with rules遵守规则
▽compliance [compl(y);-iance n.] n.依从；服从
compliant [compl(y);-iant a.] a.依从的；服从的
compliment [compl(y);-iment n.] n.恭维（话）
complicate [com-=together一起；plic=to fold折；-ate v.=to make使……→“to make (things) fold together使事物折叠在一起”→]Ⅰv. make intricate or difficult使复杂化：There is no need to complicate matters.没有必要使事情复杂化。
▽complication [complicat(e);-ion n.] n.纠纷，复杂；复杂化
explicate [ex-=out出；plic=to fold折；-ate v. =to make使……→“to make something fold out to be seen使某物折翻外露”→] v. explain in detail解释，说明：to explicate a theory阐述理论
▽explication [explicat(e);-ion n.] n.说明，阐述
explicative [explicat(e);-ive a.] a.解释的，说明的
explicit [ex-;plic;-it a.] a.详述的，明确的
explicable [ex-;plic;-able a.] a.可解释的，可说明的
supplicate [sup- (sub-) =under 下；plic =to bend 弯；-ate v. =to make使……→“to make to bend under somebody使向某人弯下腰”→] v. beg humbly恳求，哀求：to supplicate for pardon求饶
▽supplication [supplicat(e);-ion n.] n.恳求，哀求；祈求
supplicatory [supplicat(e);-ory a.] a.恳求的，哀求的
supplicant [sup-;plic;-ant n.] n.恳求者，哀求者
